Since the COVID-19 outbreak, addictive social media use and psychological burden increased in many countries. Few studies have delved into the mechanisms underlying the occurrence of psychological burden and addictive social media use. This study explored the influence of sense of control and positive mental health before COVID-19 on addictive social media use and psychological burden after COVID-19. Data of 1745 participants from China were assessed in 2014 (T1), 1042 participants in 2016 (T2), 407 participants in 2020 (T3), 324 participants in 2021 (T4). Finally, a sample of 248 participants (195 females, Mage = 26.83, SD = 0.62 years at T4) completed the longitudinal study for eight years (2014–2021). The results showed that there was a significant relationship between sense of control and positive mental health negatively correlated with addictive social media use and psychological burden. The sense of control at T1 significantly predicted the positive mental health of T2. Then positive mental health of T2 predicted the addictive social media use of T3. Finally, the addictive social media use of T3 predict psychological burden at T4. This finding clarifies the relationship between sense of control, positive mental health, addictive social media use and psychological burden under COVID-19. It also proves that sense of control and positive mental health are protective factors to alleviate addictive social media use and psychological burden. Therefore, we should pay attention to the sense of control and addictive social media use among young people under COVID-19, which reduce the burden of COVID-19 on young people and contribute to their good mental health.

Range adaptation refers to the representation of a stimulus value based on its relative position in the range of pre-experienced values. Altered range adaptation in value representation may be related to motivation and pleasure (MAP) deficit in schizophrenia (SCZ). This follow-up study examined the relationship between range adaptation performance and MAP symptoms in SCZ patients. We recruited 26 schizophrenia patients and followed them for 1 year. They completed an experimental task for estimating their range adaptation to outcome value (OV) and expected value (EV) at baseline and after 1 year. At baseline, we found a marginally significant and negative correlation between OV adaptation and avolition symptoms in SCZ patients. Moreover, the 1-year change of EV adaptation was significantly and negatively correlated with the change of self-report pleasure experience. Our results suggest that range adaptation may track the variations of MAP symptoms in SCZ.

Purpose: This study aims to explore the serial mediating effect of stigma and depression on the association between social support and medication adherence. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was undertaken in the Changning District of Shanghai using a five-part questionnaire from August to December 2023. A convenient sampling method was employed, and 35 patients with schizophrenia were invited from each of the 9 streets in Changning District to participate in the survey, resulting in a total of 305 valid questionnaires collected. The questionnaire measured social support, stigma, depression, medication adherence, and demographic characteristics. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, independent samples t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis, and the bootstrap method. Results: There was a direct and significantly positive association between social support and medication adherence (beta = 0.69, p < 0.001). Moreover, increased levels of stigma (beta = - 0.45, p = 0.013) and depression (beta = - 0.09, p = 0.017) were both associated with a decline in medication adherence. Bootstrapping analysis revealed that the association between social support and medication adherence operated indirectly through stigma (beta = 0.11, 95% CI: 0.03, 0.18). Additionally, social support was indirectly associated with medication adherence through depression (beta = 0.15, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.30). Further analysis indicated that social support had an indirect association with medication adherence through both stigma and depression (beta = 0.04, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.07). Conclusion: Stigma and depression serially mediate the association between social support and medication adherence among patients with schizophrenia. This serial multiple mediation model underscores the importance of integrating social support interventions with psychological interventions aimed at reducing stigma and depression, thereby effectively enhancing medication adherence in patients with schizophrenia.

Happiness is the ultimate life goal for most people, and the pursuit of happiness serves as the fundamental motivation driving human behavior. Orientation to Happiness (OTH) represents the aspect that individuals seek when making decisions or engaging in activities, including values, priorities, motivations, ideals, and goals. Nevertheless, existing research has predominantly approached OTH from an individualistic perspective, emphasizing an individual's internal emotional state and personal goals, thereby neglecting the significant influence of a collectivist cultural background on the pursuit of happiness. To address this research gap, our study employs qualitative research methods, enabling us to delve deeply into the intricate interplay between cultural context, societal influences, and individual motivations that collectively shape OTH. Our research is dedicated to understanding the structure of OTH within the Chinese cultural context. Through semi-structured interviews with 26 Chinese adults and the utilization of an inductive style of thematic analysis, we have identified two core themes within the OTH of Chinese adults: Self-focused and Other-focused. Notably, the "Other-focused" theme emphasizes the pursuit of group harmony and the fulfillment of group responsibilities, highlighting the paramount role of "relationships" in the study of happiness within collectivist cultures. This insight forms a robust foundation for future research in this area.

The goal of the present study was to examine the moderating effect of classroom status hierarchy on the relations between shyness and peer relationship difficulties in Chinese children. Participants were N = 1,275 children in Grade 3-7 (Mage = 10.78 years, SD = 1.55 years) from Shanghai, People's Republic of China. Participants completed a self-reported measure of shyness, while peer nominations were used to assess peer victimization and social preference. We analyzed data by method of multilevel regression. Regarding main effects, shyness was positively associated with peer victimization and negatively associated with social preference. Regarding moderating effects, the relations between shyness and peer victimization as well as shyness and social preference were both moderated by classroom status hierarchy, in that, shyness was only positively associated with peer victimization and negatively associated with social preference in high hierarchy classrooms. The findings suggest that classroom status hierarchy plays an important role in shy children's social adjustment.

This study investigates the impact of various sources of social support on the mental health of unaccompanied children under residential education in China. Unaccompanied children refer to those whose parents are still alive but unable to raise them due to various reasons. The study utilized self-reported questionnaires administered at two time waves, with the first wave (T1) evaluating family support, teacher support, and peer support, and the second wave (T2) evaluating depression, subjective well-being, and resilience. A total of 202 participants completed both surveys. To examine the predictive effect of different sources of social support on the mental health of these children, the study used the structural equation model with depression and subjective well-being as indicators. The results show that neither family support nor teacher support (T1) had a significant effect on the mental health (T2) of the children. However, peer support (T1) had a significant positive predictive effect on mental health (T2), indicating the unique role of peer support in promoting the mental health of unaccompanied children. The study also explored the mediating role of resilience between social support and well-being, revealing that though the direct effect of teacher support (T1) on mental health (T2) was not significant, the indirect mediating effect of resilience on the relationship between teacher support and mental health was significant. Both the direct and indirect effect of family support (T1) on mental health (T2) were not significant. These findings highlight the importance of creating a positive peer environment for unaccompanied children to promote their mental health. This study has important practical implications for the development of effective intervention programs aimed at improving the mental health of this population.

Background Early screening of cognitive function is critical to dementia treatment and care. However, traditional tests require face-to-face administration and are often limited by implementation costs and biases.Aims This study aimed to assess whether the Thoven Cognitive Self-Assessment (TCSA), a novel, innovative two-step touchscreen-based cognition assessment tool, could identify early cognitive impairment due to dementia in older adults.Methods The TCSA was administered to 61 healthy controls (HCs), 46 participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 44 participants diagnosed with dementia recruited from Shanghai. Two outcome measures were generated from the TCSA test: the TCSAprimary task score and the TCSAsecondary task score.Results The total average scores in the control group for the TCSAprimary task and TCSAsecondary task were significantly higher than those in the MCI and dementia groups (TCSAprimary task: HCs vs MCI group vs dementia group, 8.58±1.76 vs 5.40±2.67 vs 2.74±2.11, F=75.40, p<0.001; TCSAsecondary task: HCs vs MCI group vs dementia group, 23.02±3.31 vs 17.95±4.93 vs 11.93±5.50, F=76.46, p<0.001). Moreover, receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that a score below 7.5 for the TCSAprimary task and a score below 22.5 for the TCSAsecondary task were indicators of MCI.Conclusions The TCSA appears to be efficacious for the detection of cognitive impairment in older adults. It demonstrates the potential for large-scale cognition screening in community service settings.

Due to different understandings of happiness, people adopt different tendencies to act, which is called orientation to happiness (OTH). Our previous study found that OTH had two core themes, Self-focused and Other-focused in Chinese culture, which was different from OTH structures in Western culture. However, no corresponding measurement tool has been developed or revised. The Hedonic and Eudaimonic Motives for Activities Scale (HEMA) was the most commonly used measurement tool of OTH in recent years. The present study aimed to develop a Chinese version of the HEMA. A total of 1729 Chinese adults participated in this study. The exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used to examine the underlying structure of the Chinese version of the HEMA. The results supported the 3-factor structure of the translation instrument, and the 15-item scale had good convergent and discriminant validity. The three dimensions were named Hedonism, Eudaimonism, and Otherism. Among them, Otherism is a new dimension, which means "the pursuit of the harmony of the group and achieving happiness by fulfilling their responsibilities in the group". The revised tool was named the Hedonic, Eudaimonic, and Otheristic Motives for Activities Scale-Chinese (HEOMA-C). The results showed that the HEOMA-C has good reliability and validity. Overall, the present study provided an effective tool to assess the OTH in Chinese culture.

Background Increasing attention has been paid to the role of caregivers’ burden in affecting quality of life (QoL) of schizophrenic patients. However, less is known about potential mediation mechanisms underlying this relationship. The current study aimed to explore the sequential mediating effect of expressed emotion and perceived expressed emotion on the relationship between care burden and QoL among people with schizophrenia. Methods 135 Chinese families (one patient and one caregiver) participated in this study. Caregivers reported their care burden and expressed emotion, patients reported their perceived expressed emotion and QoL. Results The results of the correlation analysis showed that care burden was negatively related to patients’ QoL, including physical, psychological, and social relationships domains, with patients’ sex, age, educational level, employment status, and medication-taking as covariates. The sequential mediating effects of criticism and perceived criticism between care burden and QoL were not significant. However, the sequential mediating effects of emotional over-involvement and perceived emotional over-involvement (EOI) between care burden and QoL (including physical and psychological domain) were significant. Conclusion The results indicated that reducing the burden and expressed emotion of caregivers could be helpful to improve schizophrenia patients’ QoL.

目的 通过Meta分析探讨精神分裂症病人的共情维度特点.方法 在PubMed、APA PsycInfo、Science Direct(含Elsevier)和Springer Link数据库中检索精神分裂症病人共情的文献,由两名研究人员按照统一标准独立筛选文献、提取资料并评价纳入文献质量.采用Rev Man 5.3软件分析精神分裂症病人共情水平.结果 共纳入23篇文献,共测量6577人,其中精神分裂症3337人,健康对照3240人.共情的4个维度中观点采纳(23项研究,n=1878,标准化均数差(SMD)=-0.56,95％CI=-0.70～-0.43,P<0.01)、幻想(18项研究,n=1167,SMD=-0.25,95％CI=-0.41～-0.10,P<0.01)和移情关注(21项研究,n=1736,SMD=-0.21,95％CI=-0.34～-0.08,P<0.05)等3个维度水平均低于正常对照组,而个人痛苦(22项研究,n=1676,SMD=0.74,95％CI=0.60～0.87,P<0.01)水平高于对照组.结论 精神分裂症病人存在共情缺陷,在共情观点、关注和个人幻想方面水平较低,个人痛苦感受较高.

ObjectiveTo describe the current situation of self-stigma in patients with mental disorders and investigate its related influencing factors.MethodsUsing cluster sampling method， general situation and self-stigma of 3 926 patients with mental disorders were investigated with a questionnaire.ResultsThe average total score of stigma in patients with mental disorders was 32.81±14.41. There were statistically significant differences between social factors and occupation， economic status， mental symptoms and behavior involving violence， insight， medication compliance， adverse drug reactions， family monitoring， relationship between guardian and patient， and social participation and social function. There were statistically significant differences between ability factors and occupation， education level， marital status， diagnosis， past accidents and dangerous behaviors， mental symptoms involving violence， insight， medication compliance， disability assessment， implementation of guardianship subsidy measures， family guardianship， relationship between guardians and patients， and social participation and social function. There were statistically significant differences between treatment factors and occupation， marriage， diagnosis， mental symptoms involving violence， insight， medication compliance， adverse drug reactions， family supervision， relationship between guardian and patient， and social participation and social function. According to multiple linear stepwise regression analysis， factors with influence on the total score of stigma， in descending order， were adverse drug reactions， family monitoring， mental status and behavior involving violence， employment， medication compliance， and social function and social participation.ConclusionPatients with mental disorders have a high score of self-stigma， which is related to adverse drug reactions， family monitoring， mental status and behavior involving violence， employment， medication compliance， and social function and social participation.

Using network analysis, this study investigated how family communication patterns (Conversation and Conformity) were related to and predictive of adolescent overall depression severity and specific symptoms. A community sample of adolescents (10-17 years, n = 1327) completed the Children's Depression Inventory and the Revised Family Communication Pattern Instrument. Depressive symptoms were also re-assessed 6 months later. Results showed that Conversation orientation protected against, whereas Conformity orientation increased the risk of adolescent depression. Family communication particularly influenced the child's feeling of being unloved, and feeling unloved was the only symptom prospectively predicted by two communication orientations at baseline. These findings revealed the path linking family factors to adolescent depression and may have implications for future family-based interventions.

The Dimensional Anhedonia Rating Scale measures state anhedonia in multiple domains, such as hobbies, food and drink, social activities, and sensory experience, and it has good reliability and validity in adult samples. However, no study has examined the psychometrical properties of this scale in adolescents. The present study examined its reliability and validity in adolescents with and without depression. In Study 1, 988 high-school students completed the Dimensional Anhedonia Rating Scale; 915 completed the second-round survey 3 months later. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to determine the factor structure. Additionally, internal consistency and test-retest reliability, and concurrent, convergent, and divergent validity were assessed in typical adolescents. In Study 2, the Dimensional Anhedonia Rating Scale was administrated to 108 patients with major depressive disorder, 108 adolescents with subthreshold depression, and 108 healthy controls. Factor structure and convergent validity were assessed in the clinical and subclinical groups. Finally, a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to examine the effect of depression severity on the scale scores. The results of Study 1 indicated that a four-factor model (i.e., hobbies, food and drink, social activities, and sensory experience) best fit the data. Meanwhile, the scale also yielded good concurrent, convergent, and divergent validity, as well as high internal consistency and test-retest reliability, in typical adolescents. In Study 2, goodness-of-fit statistics also suggested a good fit for the four-factor model in the two depressed groups. The one-way ANOVA revealed significant group differences in the total and factor scores, whereby the major depressive disorder group had lower scores than the subthreshold depression group, whose scores were lower than the healthy controls, indicating excellent eligibility of the scale in depressed adolescents. The Chinese version of the Dimensional Anhedonia Rating Scale is a reliable and valid instrument to comprehensively measure state anhedonia in Chinese typical and depressed adolescents.

新冠肺炎疫情仍在全球蔓延,此类重大突发公共卫生事件不仅威胁人类生命健康,更使公众产生紧张、焦虑等心理反应,严重者甚或引发心理障碍和自杀.心理干预是重大突发公共卫生事件应对措施的重要组成部分,不能被忽视.积极心理学理论逐渐被应用到重大突发公共卫生事件的干预和处置中.这一视角不局限于对问题的修补和消除,而转向了增加正性情绪、培养积极心理品质,提醒人们关注积极事件、用积极的力量面对疫情,具有更高的应用价值.对公众的心理干预可以从增加正性情绪、提升积极品质两方面展开.公众可以通过运用品味策略、体会感恩、增加心流状态、尝试正念训练等方式塑造正性情绪,使用"认识—探索—运用"模型提升积极品质.

(1) Background: The COVID-19 outbreak has created pressure in people’s daily lives, further threatening public health. Thus, it is important to assess people’s perception of stress during COVID-19 for both research and practical purposes. The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) is one of the most widely used instruments to measure perceived stress; however, previous validation studies focused on specific populations, possibly limiting the generalization of results. (2) Methods: This study tested the psychometric properties of three versions of the Chinese Perceived Stress Scale (CPSS-14, CPSS-10, and CPSS-4) in the Chinese general population during the COVID-19 pandemic. A commercial online survey was employed to construct a nationally representative sample of 1133 adults in Mainland China (548 males and 585 females) during a one-week period. (3) Results: The two-factor (positivity and negativity) solution for the three versions of the CPSS showed a good fit with the data. The CPSS-14 and CPSS-10 had very good reliability and the CPSS-4 showed acceptable reliability, supporting the concurrent validity of the CPSS. (4) Conclusions: All three versions of the CPSS appear to be appropriate for use in research with samples of adults in the Chinese general population under the COVID-19 crisis. The CPSS-10 and CPSS-14 both have strong psychometric properties, but the CPSS-10 would have more utility because it is shorter than the CPSS-14. However, the CPSS-4 is an acceptable alternative when administration time is limited.

A large number of studies have examined the association between depressive symptoms and sleep quality, however, the psychological mechanism underlying the association remains nebulous. Using moderated mediation analysis, the present study aimed to examine to what extent the association was mediated by rumination and whether the mediation effect was moderated by self-compassion. Self-reported measures on depressive symptoms, rumination, self-compassion, and sleep quality were collected from 564 college students. The results showed that (a) rumination mediated the association between depressive symptoms and sleep quality, and (b) self-compassion moderated the mediation effect. Specifically, the mediating effect of rumination was stronger for students with low self-compassion than those with high self-compassion. These findings suggest that self-compassion may be a useful intervention target for health care practitioners to evaluate and improve sleep quality for individuals suffering from depressive symptoms.

公众对重大突发公共卫生事件的风险感知与其是否自觉遵守相关防控措施有密切关联,新冠肺炎疫情中提高人们的公共卫生应激源的风险感知水平,有利于民众从心理上、行为上做好疫情自觉防控.作为庞大应激源,新冠肺炎疫情具有令人畏惧、迁延冗长、无人幸免和后果严重的特征,需要有能够较好体现这种应激源的风险感知评估工具.该研究在系统梳理已有风险感知评估工具的基础上,结合认知-经验自我理论(CEST)和风险感知理论中的常识模型(CSM),设定了对新冠肺炎疫情风险情绪感受、认知判断和不同寻常严重性的心理表征三个评估侧面,通过规范的程序,编制出了一个9项目单维度的新冠肺炎疫情风险感知量表(PRCPS).该量表具有良好的内部一致性信度、结构效度和效标效度,可用于人们对重大突发公共卫生事件风险感知的科学评估.

目的 探讨家属支援服务干预对于提高社区严重精神障碍患者的康复效果和改善家属的心理健康状况及家庭负担的作用.方法 采取多阶段随机抽样方法,在抽到的2个社区中将符合严重精神障碍诊断标准的患者随机抽取100例患者,随后根据性别、年龄、诊断在其他几个社区中随机匹配100例符合严重精神障碍诊断标准的患者纳入对照组.严格按照患者和家属纳入标准设立对照组和干预组.结果 200组研究对象患者平均年龄(48.27±12.67)岁,家属平均年龄(63.61±13.19)岁.干预后各时点对照组日常生活能力量表(activity dailyliving scale,ADL)评分均高于干预组(均有P＜0.05).干预后各时点对照组社会功能缺陷表(social disability screening schedule,SDSS)评分均高于干预组(均有P＜0.05).干预后各时点干预组与对照康复状态量表(morningside rehabilitation status scale,MRSS)评分差异均无统计学意义(均有P＞0.05).干预后各时点对照组患者家属心理健康状况症状(精神症状)自评量表(self-reporting inventory,SCL-90)评分均高于干预组(均有P＜0.05).干预后各时点对照组家庭负担量表(family burden scale of diseases,FBS)评分均高于干预组(均有P＜0.05).结论 本次干预措施确实提高社区严重精神障碍患者康复效果和改善家属心理和家庭负担,应建立一支专业的家属支援服务工作团队.

Inflammation and an exacerbated immune response are widely accepted contributing mechanisms to the genesis and progression of major neuropsychiatric disorders. However, despite the impressive advances in understanding the neurobiology of these disorders, there is still no approved drug directly linked to the regulation of inflammation or brain immune responses. Importantly, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) comprise a group of structurally related endopeptidases primarily involved in remodeling extracellular matrix (ECM). In the central nervous system (CNS), these proteases control synaptic plasticity and strength, patency of the blood-brain barrier, and glia-neuron interactions through cleaved and non-cleaved mediators. Several pieces of evidence have pointed to a complex scenario of MMPs dysregulation triggered by neuroinflammation. Furthermore, major psychiatric disorders’ affective symptoms and neurocognitive abnormalities are related to MMPs-mediated ECM changes and neuroglia activation. In the past decade, research efforts have been directed to broad-spectrum MMPs inhibitors with frustrating clinical results. However, in the light of recent advances in combinatorial chemistry and drug design technologies, specific and CNS-oriented MMPs modulators have been proposed as a new frontier of therapy for regulating ECM properties in the CNS. Therefore, here we aim to discuss the state of the art of MMPs and ECM abnormalities in major neuropsychiatric disorders, namely depression, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia, the possible neuro-immune interactions involved in this complex scenario of MMPs dysregulation and propose these endopeptidases as promising targets for rational drug design.

最近的一项流行病学调查显示，我国各类精神障碍患者人数已超过1亿，其中重性精神障碍患者达到1600万人［1］。精神康复已成为不可忽视的精神卫生问题，急需政府部门和社会组织介入，提供精神康复服务资源。随着我国经济的快速发展，科学技术的进步和医疗卫生服务体系的完善，民众对健康的需求、卫生服务的康复效果要求的提高，需要我们丰富服务形式，加快康复机构的建设，社区精神康复服务的内涵需要逐步多元化、个性化。2002年，国务院在《关于进一步加强残疾人康复工作的意见》中提出，“到2015年，实现残疾人‘人人享有康复服务’总目标”。这一目标的主要措施是“积极推进社区康复，把康复服务引入家庭”，社区康复是满足广大残疾人基本康复需求的主要途径，也是创新社会管理服务的要求。根据《全国精神卫生工作体系发展指导纲要》（2008—2015年）要求，在开展精神疾病社区康复的县（市、区）中，精神疾病患者接受康复服务的比例，2010年达到60％，2015年达到80％。2012年一项对社区精神疾病患者、患者家属、医务人员和从事社区精神卫生工作人员（社工）等进行的精神卫生相关法律、法规的认知状况调查表明，不同身份群体对于权益的归属理解不一，纠纷不断，急需出台法律法规［2］。2013年5月1日正式实施的首部《精神卫生法》标志着我国精神卫生工作迈入了一个新的历史时期，法律规范了精神疾病的具体康复服务，为实施精神康复提供了法律依据。