Rechargeable batteries based on multivalent cation (Mv n + , n >1) carriers are considered potentially low-cost alternatives to lithium-ion batteries. However, the high charge-density Mv n + carriers generally lead to sluggish kinetics and poor structural stability in cathode materials. Herein, we report an Mv n + storage via intercalation pseudocapacitance mechanism in a 2D bivalve-like organic framework featured with localized ligands. By switching from conventional intercalation to localized ligand-assisted-intercalation pseudocapacitance, the organic cathode exhibits unprecedented fast kinetics with little structural change upon intercalation. It thus enables an excellent power density of 57 kW kg −1 over 20000 cycles for Ca 2+ storage and a power density of 14 kW kg −1 with a long cycling life over 45000 cycles for Zn 2+ storage. This work may provide a largely unexploited route toward constructing a local dynamic coordination microstructure for ultrafast Mv n + storage.

A series of poly (aryl ether) based bipolar polymer hosts, PCzOPOC8, PCzOPOCz, and PCzOPOCN with a peripheral carbazole or cyano unit which joins the main chain by a nonconjugated linker of a hexyl group, were synthesized and characterized. They depicted high triplet level (E-T) (>2.80 eV), which was probably attributed to oxygen-interrupted nonconjugated main chains of polymers as well as carbazole and phosphine oxide groups with highE(T). While doped with a 10 wt% typical blue phosphor {iridium(III)[bis(4,6-difluoro phenyl)pyridinato-N, C2]picolinate, FIrpic)}, compared with those of nonsubstituted PCzOPOC8 and peripheral cyano-substituted PCzOPOCN, PCzOPOCz with carbazole moiety gave better performances due to balance of carrier flux from carbazole moiety with good hole transport ability.

Although the immobilization of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) on the support is a conventional method for preventing them from aggregation and improving their separability at the cost of activity loss, herein, we developed a facile method to prepare supported Au NPs with the higher catalytic activity and better separability due to the selective adsorption of its functional surface. Firstly, the multi-functional carriers (amino-modified magnetic microspheres) were synthesized to immobilize Au NPs. Depending on its surface adsorption towards the reactant (p-nitrophenol), this carrier could greatly improve the mass transfer between p-nitrophenol (4-NP) and Au NPs resulting in the improvement of catalytic activity of supported Au NPs. The catalytic activity of supported Au NPs is increased more than 6.65 times compared with that of isolated Au NPs. Then, the effects of the particle size and supporting density of Au NPs on the catalytic activity were also investigated. Turnover frequency value of supported Au NPs (3.8 nm) reaches 16,000 h−1 when its surface density is controlled to 2211 μg g−1. Furthermore, the catalyst of Au/Fe3O4@PS-NH2 showed excellent catalytic activity when various nitrobenzene derivatives were employed as substrates. Remarkably, these supported Au NPs could be easily isolated by magnetic separation in 30 s. This catalyst could be recycled for 45 times without any loss in catalytic activity. The high catalytic activity and easy separability of this supported Au NPs make it much potential in large-scale application.

Block copolymer consists of two and more than two of different polymer links. Epoxy terminated polydtyrene (Ps-ep) active polymer was used to polymerize polystyrene (Pst)-polyethylene oxide (Peo) block copolymer P (st-b-eo). There were the mixtures of (Ps-ep), (Pst), (Peo) and P (st-b-eo) in the polymerization. It is necessary to separate (Ps-ep), (Pst), (Peo) and P (st-b-eo) in the mixtures in order to determine structure parameters of P (st-b-eo) block copolymers. We can know for certain their types of ABA, BAB and AB of polystyrene (A)-Polyethylene oxides (B) block copolymers with analysis of gel permeation chromatography (GPC).