Adenine is commonly used to establish the animal models for chronic kidney injury and its renal interstitial fibrosis.As an endogenous substance,adenine-induced kidney damage has not yet been fully studied and elucidated,except for inflammatory reaction.Here we analyzed the proteomics of kidney of rats after adenine overloading using LS-MS/MS assay,and observed the role of anemoside B4 (B4).The results showed that adenine could down-regulate 285 proteins and up-regulate 164 proteins in rat kidney tissue compared with the normal group.Down-regulated proteins mainly affected related pathways,such as energy metabolism,while up-regulated proteins affected inflammatory response pathways and metabolic pathways.B4 could significantly reverse the down-regulation of about 40 proteins,which were involved in mitochondria,redox processes,extracellular exosomes,acetylation and other signaling pathways.Simultaneously,B4 could inhibit the up-regulation of five proteins caused by adenine,which were involved in cell cycle,oocyte meiosis,PI3K-Akt and other signaling pathways.Further experimental results of mRNA expression using real-time PCR assay supported the proteomic analysis.Therefore,we proposed that the damage of rat kidney caused by adenine was more complicated,not only with an inflammatory reaction,but also with extensive effects to various metabolic processes in the body.This work provided a valuable clue for comprehensive understanding of adenine-induced renal damage.

目的 探讨妊娠小鼠子宫内胎鼠腹腔注射人肿瘤HepG2细胞对胎鼠生长发育的影响.方法 将孕鼠随机分为5组,细胞注射组在孕14 d胎鼠腹腔注射不同浓度的HepG2细胞悬液,并设假手术组及对照组,记录孕鼠生产情况、出生小鼠的体重,并对子代鼠的发育学指标进行评价,选取成年后小鼠解剖观察肝、肺、肾等主要脏器有无畸形、病变,并取材进行HE染色,显微观察各组小鼠主要脏器的病理改变情况.结果 与对照组相比,子宫内胎鼠腹腔各细胞注射组子代鼠的体重和生长发育指标差异无显著性,肉眼观察各主要脏器无病变,显微观察未见异常结构.结论 子宫内胎鼠腹腔注射人肿瘤HepG2细胞不会对胎鼠发育产生影响.

Objective To investigate the anti-fatigue and improving immune function effects of Astragalus pollen powder,and to compare the effect with that of decoction pieces of Astragalus.Methods The SPF KM mice were used.The effects on improving immune function of Astragalus pollen powder at different dosages were detected by the carbon clearance method.The mice immune organs weight,and the anti-fatigue effects of Astragalus pollen powder at different dosages were also observed by the burden swimming test.Results The Astragalus pollen powder could rise the macrophage cytophagic index and coefficient of mice,increase the immune organ weights,and extend the mice burden swimming time.Conclusion The Astragalus pollen powder could enhance the immune function and exhibit an anti-fatigue effect.The Astragalus pollen powder at a low dosage could achieve same effect with decoction pieces of Astragalus at a large dose.

Objective:To study the protective effect of arctinin capsule on the nephritic rat induced by adriamycin(ADR).Method: Minimal change nephrotic rat model was induced by intravenous injection of ADR,male SD rat were randomly divided into 6 groups:Blank group,Model group,positive group,arctinin capsule high-dose group(767 mg·kg-1),middle-dose group(383 mg·kg-1)and low-dose group(192 mg·kg-1),treated for 6 weeks.Result: Campared with the rats in model group,arctinin capsule high-dose,middle-dose could reduced the proteinuria of the nephritic rat induced by adriamycin,increase the level of serum albumin(ALB);Arctinin capsule all the 3 doses could cut down the level of serum triglyeride(TG)and transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1);Arctinin capsule high-dose(767 mg·kg-1) could increase the level of serum superoxide dismutase(SOD)and cut down the level of serum malondialdehyde(MDA);at the same time,arctinin capsule all the 3 doses could significanty ameliorated the change of pathology in renal.Conclusion:The protective action of arctinin capsule on the nephritic rat induced by adriamycin may be related to the purification on free-radical,the inhibition of lipid peroxidation and glomerular fibrosis.