Traditional photocatalysts have the disadvantages of low sunlight utilization efficiency, weak interaction with contaminants and difficulty in recycling. In this study, ZnS QDs and Fe2O3 QDs prepared by hydrodynamic cavitation method and 430 stainless steel foil (430-SSF) are used to synthesize immobilized direct Z-scheme photocatalyst film. This photocatalytic has higher sunlight utilization rate, organic contaminants degradation and hydrogen production. Moreover, the small size and large specific surface area of quantum dots can enable photocatalysts to provide more reactive sites, increasing contact probability between contaminants and catalyst. ZnS QDs-Fe2O3 QDs heterojunction is constructed through hydrothermal reaction and coated on 430-SSF to prepare the photocatalyst film with 38.4 μm thickness. This design scheme completely overcomes the above defects. The experimental results show degradation efficiency of MB reaches 89.46% and hydrogen production reaches 422.5 μmol under simulated sunlight irradiation for 3.0h when mass proportion of ZnS QDs and Fe2O3 QDs is 1:3. The degradation efficiencies of MB using ZnS QDs-Fe2O3 QDs composite as photocatalyst are 2.19 times and 11.1 times higher than ones of using ZnS QDs and Fe2O3 QDs alone. More importantly, after multiple cycles of use, the performance and hydrogen production efficiency of photocatalyst show little decline, indicating excellent structural stability and good reusability. This research provides an innovative and practical idea for the preparation of immobilized direct Z-scheme photocatalysts for the efficient degradation of organic contaminants and simultaneous hydrogen production, which is of great significance for promoting large-scale application of photocatalytic technology in wastewater treatment and clean energy production.

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) serve as the first indicators of early-stage cancer metastasis and are therefore crucial for early cancer diagnosis, therapeutic response monitoring, and prognosis evaluation. However, accurate clinical detection of CTCs is frequently hindered by their extremely low abundance in peripheral blood and their susceptibility to interference from other blood components. To meet the practical requirements for the simultaneous capture and sensitive detection of CTCs with high efficiency, we herein report a dual-targeting nanoprobe-based second near-infrared (NIR-II) light-activated nanoplatform that enables a two-step sequential operation. Specifically, hyaluronic acid-modified ferroferric oxide nanoparticles (HA@Fe3O4), with specific recognition capability, are used to first separate and collect CTCs from whole-blood samples. Subsequent in situ addition of folic acid-functionalized gold-doped cadmium sulfide nanoparticles (FA-Au@CdS) and copper ions generates copper sulfide composites that act as dual-signal-response nanosensors for ultrasensitive quantitative detection of CTCs. These nanosensors exhibit not only photothermal signals that "turn on" through an ion-exchange reaction but also spatiotemporal pressure signals using a signal transduction strategy, collectively enabling dual-mode portable detection of CTCs with a broad detection range from 10 to 105 cells/mL and a detection limit as low as 5 cells/mL. The practicability and efficiency of this multifunctional nanoplatform are further validated through the analysis of triple-negative breast cancer cells in human whole blood. This study develops a facile, scalable, and translatable approach for the simultaneous enrichment and accurate detection of CTCs with high efficiency for practical applications.

Tungsten disulfide quantum dots (WS2 QDs) exhibit extensive application prospects in various fields such as light-emitting devices, photocatalysis, sensors and anti-counterfeiting due to their excellent optical and electrical properties. In this study, high-performance WS2 QDs were successfully prepared by using the hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) technology, which is simple to operate, controllable in process, resource-conserving. In the HC system, the collapse of cavitation bubbles generates an extremely harsh environment with ultra-high temperature and pressure. Furthermore, the intense shock waves, high-speed jets, and turbulence induced in the solution by HC collectively act on the WS2 powder in the fluid. These factors not only facilitate the continuous fragmentation of WS2 powder into WS2 QDs but also ensure the full dispersion of the WS2 QDs in the solution. The WS2 QDs featuring small particle size (1.50 nm), narrow particle size distribution range (0.86-2.40 nm) and few layers (2-4 layers) can be obtained by optimizing reaction conditions (HC cycle time and inlet pressure) and device parameters (number of holes and thickness of orifice plates). When the WS2 QDs solutions were stored in low temperature (4 degrees C), light-avoiding and weakly alkaline (pH = 9.0) conditions, they exhibited good stability. Additionally, the as-prepared WS2 QDs were applied to fabricate light-emitting diodes (LEDs), and the results showed that the fabricated LED can emit white light. Finally, it is hoped that this study can provide a novel idea for large-scale preparation of WS2 QDs, which can be applied to fabricate white-light-emitting LEDs and other potential applications.

Opioids, an indispensable class of potent analgesics in clinical practice, require accurate monitoring for effective postoperative pain management, cancer pain control, and drug addiction diagnosis. The development of a simple, scalable, and on-site real-time therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) system for opioids holds significant promise for streamlining and accelerating patient screening processes. For this purpose, we report herein a portable, visual, and multimodal paper-based microfluidic sensor array for the detection of opioids. This sensor array features a foldable architecture, with the detection zone functionalized with hyaluronic acid-modified cerium oxide nanocomposites (HA@Co-m-CeO2), which exhibit robust peroxidase-like activities and electrocatalytic performance under a neutral pH condition, enabling dual-mode colorimetric and electrochemical sensing of a model analyte, morphine (MO). For colorimetric analysis, the presence of MO suppresses the peroxidase-like catalyzed chromogenic reaction for a compromised blue signal. For electrochemical analysis, HA@Co-m-CeO2 demonstrates amplified electrochemical responses to MO due to the superior electrocatalytic activities and strong electrostatic adsorption. Harnessing this dual catalytic functionalities, the sensor array achieves a portable dual-mode detection of MO under neutral pH with a broad range of 0.01-300 μg/mL and an extra-low detection limit of 4.3 × 10-3 μg/mL, which not only surpasses that of previously reported single-mode colorimetric or electrochemical paper-based devices but also enhances the accuracy and reliability of MO detection through self-validation enabled by dual-signal output. Overall, this study develops a straightforward, scalable, and transferable paper-based sensor array serving as a non-invasive, highly sensitive, and portable multimodal analytical tool in the TDM process.

The doping of rare earth ions can change the optical properties of quantum dots and then improve the physical and chemical properties. In this study, erbium-doped zinc oxide quantum dots (ZnO:Er3+ QDs) were prepared by hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) method whose features are simple operation, low cost, high safety and suitability for large-scale production. The effects of the doping amount of Er3+, HC cycle time, inlet pressure and orifice plate hole number on the characteristics of ZnO:Er3+ QDs were investigated. The ZnO:Er3+ QDs with average particle size of 2.1 nm, size distribution in the range of 1.25 similar to 2.75 nm and fluorescence quantum yield of 34.84% were obtained. The obtained ZnO:Er3+ QDs solution has high fluorescence intensity and good stability. The possibility as anti-counterfeiting ink based on the fluorescence property of ZnO:Er3+ QDs is preliminary explored and the results unexpectedly exhibit some irreplaceable advantages in anti-counterfeiting applications. The use of ZnO:Er3+ QDs can effectively overcome some shortcomings of anti-counterfeiting inks and provide a new solution for large-scale, low cost and high efficiency anti-counterfeiting demands. In addition to the advantages of low cost, wide availability and non-toxicity of ZnO:Er3+ QDs, the HC preparation method also shows the characteristics of simple equipment and easy operation.

Ag2S quantum dots (QDs), a promising semiconducting nanomaterial, have attracted much attention in optical materials due to their excellent chemical stability and strong luminescence. Based on the physicochemical effects of the hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) process, we successfully achieved the goal of efficiently, accurately and scalably synthesizing water-soluble Ag2S QDs. We used various adaptive optical analysis techniques, such as high-resolution fluorescence spectrometer, X-ray photoelectron spectrometer, etc., to characterise the prepared Ag2S QDs. The experimental results show that the prepared Ag2S QDs exhibit a very narrow size distribution (1.22 nm-3.12 nm) and perform well in ensuring the uniformity of QDs. In particular, its photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) is as high as 49.03 %, far exceeding similar research results, fully demonstrating the significant advantages of this technology in improving fluorescence properties. More importantly, this study has made a breakthrough in large-scale preparation, in a long time, large-scale preparation process, the loss is almost negligible. The survey of the optical stability of QDs over time found that under the best preparation conditions, the absorbance of Ag2S QDs solution only showed a very weak decline in the first four weeks of storage. The decline rate was as low as 2.9 %, proving its early stability. In addition, the feasible mechanism of Ag2S QDs prepared by HC technology is analysed in depth, which provides solid theoretical support for the further optimisation and application of this technology.

Infection has been the second leading cause of mortality among cancer patients, therefore the concurrent administration of anticancer and antibacterial drugs has become increasingly prevalent in clinical settings. However, excessive use of these medications may lead to the emergence of drug resistance and severe adverse effects. It will be a useful strategy to develop a simple yet scalable therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) system capable of simultaneously detecting antitumor and antibacterial drugs, which, to our knowledge, remains seldom unexplored. Herein, we develop a robust electrochemical nanosensor (Au@N-HPC) by electrodepositing gold nanoparticles onto nitrogen-doped hierarchical porous carbons (N-HPC) via a surface engineering approach. The Au@N-HPC nanosensor is further utilized for simultaneous, accurate, and sensitive detection of a model anticancer drug, doxorubicin (DOX) and a typical antibacterial drug, nitrofurantoin (NFT). Specifically, this nano-sensor exhibits not only enhanced charge and mass transport between drug molecules and active sites through the integrated hierarchical macro-meso-microporous structures and excellent conductivity of N-HPC, but also superior non-enzymatic electrocatalytic activity of electrodeposited gold nanoparticles. Altogether, these synergistic effects contribute to a multiple signal amplification mechanism that enables Au@N-HPC with high sensitivity toward both DOX and NFT, with detection limits of 0.76 and 0.88 nM, respectively. Together with the demonstrated satisfactory reliability and sensitivity in the simultaneous determination and discrimination of DOX and NFT in real biological matrices, including human serum and urine, as well as in rat pharmacokinetic models, this innovative nanosensor offers a facile yet robust approach for the simultaneous detection and discrimination of anticancer and antibacterial drugs in practical applications, with great translation potentials in the TDM process.

High-temperature oxidation reactions catalyzed by earth-abundant transition metal oxides are vital for numerous industrial and environmental processes. However, their performance is often limited by the rapid desorption of active oxygen species at high temperatures. Here, we describe a straightforward approach to constructing a CuMn spinel/Mn2O3 composite oxide catalyst that addresses this limitation and demonstrate that lattice oxygen can spontaneously migrate to form interface-stabilized superoxo species under high-temperature reaction conditions. This catalyst exhibits a 14-fold enhancement in the CH4 oxidation reaction compared to Mn2O3, with activity and stability even better than those of many reported noble-metal supported catalysts. In situ characterizations and theoretical calculations reveal that the superoxo species accept electrons from the neighboring Cu and Mn atoms, exhibiting enhanced ability for C-H activation. This work illustrates the critical role of interface-stabilized superoxo species in CH4 oxidation and establishes a promising route for promoting high-temperature catalytic processes through interface engineering.

Despite immunogenic cell death (ICD) has garnered significant attention in cancer therapy, achieving precise in vivo immunity activation and simultaneous visualization of immunotherapy processes remain significant challenges due to the difficulties in facile integration of multifunctionalities in a single nanomedicine. For this purpose, herein a self-adaptive rhodium(I) complex-based nanoplatform driven by metallophilic interactions is reported not only for near-infrared (NIR) imaging-guided cancer immunotherapy, but also as the first example of a rhodium(I)-based ICD inducer. Specifically, this nanoplatform enables high tumor enrichment by utilizing homologous targeting capability camouflaged by cancer cell membranes and facilitates enhanced in vivo NIR phosphorescence imaging. The subsequent uptake of this nanoplatform by tumor cells via endocytosis releases the antitumor rhodium(I) complex monomer, which can target directly the endoplasmic reticulum and induce a more effective type II ICD for enhanced dendritic cell maturation and cytotoxic T lymphocyte infiltration, and ultimately lead to long-acting antitumor immunity. Notably, the self-adaptive functional switch strongly supports the NIR phosphorescence imaging and cancer immunotherapy of this platform, which displays a remarkable inhibitory effect with a tumor inhibition rate of 91.2%. This study develops a facile yet robust approach toward an “all-in-one” metal-based ICD agent with visualization properties for monitoring immunotherapy.

In this study, ZnS quantum dots (QDs) were prepared on a large-scale by hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) technology using the method of "top to bottom". These ZnS QDs have the advantages of small particle size (1.75 nm), narrow size distribution range (1.0-3.0 nm) and high fluorescence quantum yield (37.45 %), which show wide application potential. However, the stability of QDs solution is crucial in their practical application, so the surface modification is systematically studied for enhancing the ZnS QDs solution stability. The effects of temperature, time, pH value and different surface modifiers (L-cys, TGA, PEG and TPT) on the optical properties of ZnS QDs were investigated. The experimental results show that ZnS QDs are not easy to agglomerate in solution under the conditions of low temperature, weak alkali and dark conditions, and the fluorescence intensity of ZnS QDs solution remains high after six weeks of storage. In addition, the surface modification of ZnS QDs can significantly improve their stability and solubility in aqueous solution. Under 365 nm ultraviolet lamp irradiation for 2.0 h, the fluorescence intensity of ZnS QDs solution still maintained about 80 % of its original value. These experimental results provide an important theoretical basis and practical guidance for the optimization of synthesis conditions and practical application of ZnS QDs.

Quantum dots (QDs) are semiconductor nanocrystals with unique quantum effects on the scale of nanometers. In recent years, due to the small size, high fluorescence intensity, good light stability and other characteristics of QDs, QDs have been widely used in many fields. Among them, Fe2O3 QDs have wide application prospects in the fields of environmental purification, energy conversion and catalytic degradation due to their advantages of good stability, environmental friendliness and cost-effective. In this study, hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) technology was applied to prepare Fe2O3 QDs. By adjusting HC device parameters, water-soluble Fe2O3 QDs with small particle size, narrow particle size distribution, high absorbance, high luminous efficiency and high quantum yield were prepared. Then the morphology, size distribution, elemental composition and optical properties of Fe2O3 QDs were studied by various characterization methods. The results showed that the Fe2O3 QDs with an average size of 1.51 nm, fluorescence quantum yield of 38.07 % and Stokes shift of 188 nm were prepared under the conditions of 12 h HC cycle time, 3.0 bar inlet pressure, 5-hole and 45 degrees divergence angle of orifice plate. In addition, the prepared Fe2O3 QDs were used as Pt carriers for photo-assisted electrocatalyst of methanol oxidation. The electrocatalytic activity of Pt carriers in methanol oxidation under simulated solar light is 1.44 times higher than that under dark conditions, indicating better results compared to the QDs prepared via traditional coprecipitation method. This work not only provides a new strategy for large-scale preparation of high-performance Fe2O3 QDs, but also presents a promising method to further improve the electrocatalytic activity of methanol oxidation in direct methanol fuel cells.

Antibiotic overuse has produced "superbugs" that constitute a global public health hazard. Most of the reported methodologies with only a single function for either antibiotic detection or removal are clearly insufficient to handle with the complex and ever-changing situations. Therefore, there is considerable scope to develop advanced materials integrating dual functionalities via a simple and scalable approach, which however remains a challenge. For this purpose, we developed herein a multifunctional nanocomposite based on AuCu bimetal-loaded zirconium metal-organic frameworks (AuCu@Zr-MOF), which combines the exceptional catalytic activity of metal nanoparticles with a large surface area and abundant active sites of MOFs. The obtained AuCu@Zr-MOF nanocomposite is further used for efficient capture and electrochemical sensing of three fluoroquinolone antibiotics, including norfloxacin (NOR), ciprofloxacin (CIP), and ofloxacin (OFL). Specifically, AuCu@Zr-MOF shows not only enhanced affinity to NOR, CIP, and OFL through coordination binding and electrostatic interactions with respective maximum adsorption capacities of 458.49, 469.33, and 480.09 mg/g, but also excellent conductivity, electrocatalytic activity, and detection sensitivity upon further integration with multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) with respective detection limits of 0.168, 0.180, and 0.113 nM. Most importantly, the AuCu@Zr-MOF-based modified electrode enables accurate identification even for detecting indistinguishable NOR, CIP, and OFL with the assistance of machine learning algorithms, and demonstrates satisfactory reliability and sensitivity for real sample analysis. Overall, the innovative nanocomposite developed herein demonstrates great potential as a facile, scalable yet robust approach toward integrated systems for simultaneously capturing and sensing multiple antibiotic residues in real samples.

In this work, Ag2S/Ag/SnO2 is in-situ immobilized on the Ag foil to form a novel fixed Z-scheme Ag|Ag2S/Ag/ SnO2 photocatalyst through a combination of direct solid-phase reaction, photoreduction, and sol-gel spin coating techniques. The constructed fixed Z-scheme photocatalyst is employed for producing pure hydrogen while simultaneously removing tartrazine (TZ) as a sacrificial agent. The impact of the TZ concentration, the duration of simulated sunlight irradiation, degradation kinetics, and the number of reuse cycles on the catalytic activity is studied. The removal paths of TZ that occur during the photocatalytic reactions are outlined. Additionally, a mechanism for the Ag|Ag2S/Ag/SnO2 photocatalyst is suggested. The findings demonstrate that the activity of the photocatalyst film constructed using an enhanced in-situ immobilization method in this work is considerably improved. The silver NPs are capable of producing the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect, which aids to the formation of the fixed Z-scheme photocatalytic system. Under 180 min simulated sunlight irradiation, 338.78 mu mol pure H2 can be directly obtained with average H2 evolution rate at 90.34 mmol/h & sdot;m2, while the removal efficiency of TZ is 94.35 %. Further, the prepared fixed Z-scheme photocatalyst possesses outstanding recycling efficiency. This immobilized film photocatalytic technology is anticipated to facilitate the generation of pure hydrogen while concurrently removing organic pollutants from water and wastewater.

ZnSe quantum dots (ZnSe QDs) are optoelectronic materials with tunable bandgap and low toxicity, possessing broad prospects in the fields of sensing and optoelectronics. However, traditional synthesis methods usually require cadmium doping and the use of complex surfactants, which not only compromises environmental friendliness but also hinders large-scale production due to their high cost and complex processes. Therefore, a green hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) method without surfactants was developed to prepare ZnSe alloy quantum dots without cadmium. Its average size is only 1.63 nm, with a narrow size distribution (0.5-3.2 nm) and the photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) at room temperature reaches 32.78 %. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed that the surface was self-passivated and free of organic residues, with excellent stability, and was suitable for selective sensing. It was used for the detection of Cu2+, showing a highly selective fluorescence quenching response. The linear detection range was 0.1-8 mu M, with a detection limit of 0.3651 mu M. It had strong anti-interference ability and performed better than most of the previously reported optical sensors. This study presents an environmentally friendly synthesis method for ZnSe alloy quantum dots, providing new ideas for the design of high-performance environmental monitoring alloy nanosensors.

Metal complexes represent a promising avenue in drug research and development, exemplified by metallodrugs including cisplatin, carboplatin, and oxaliplatin that have been clinically approved for the treatment of various solid tumors. However, most of the reported metallodrugs suffer from compromised therapeutic efficacy due to multidrug resistance (MDR) and severe systemic toxicity. Rhodium is another useful member of the platinum group metals in addition to the extensively explored platinum, whose complexes have attracted increasing attention in bioinorganic and medicinal chemistry not only for their low oxophilicity, broad functional-group tolerance, and superior catalytic performance, but also for their intriguing self-assembly behaviors and photophysical properties arising from the intermolecular metallophilic interactions. Together with the tremendous progresses made in the nanotechnology and biotechnology, targeted delivery of rhodium-based metallodrugs to lesion sites in either a passive or active means, or via a biomimetic strategy enables state-of-the-art approaches with great therapeutic efficiency. Nonetheless, there remains a critical lack of comprehensive reviews with a focus on rhodium complexes and their nanodrug derivatives. Here we systematically summarize the existing research on this hot subject of research, and provides a dynamic in-depth overview of the design and development of rhodium complexes and rhodium-containing nanomaterials across various medicine fields, including biomedical imaging, cancer therapy, antibacterial treatments, and anti-inflammatory applications. Critical evaluations are performed on the current challenges and future prospects of this rapidly developing field, for the purpose of promoting a thorough understanding of the latest advancements and further inspiring upcoming notable studies.

Utilizing solar energy for photocatalytic CO2 reduction is an attractive research field because of its convenience, safety, and practicality. The selection of an appropriate photocatalyst is the key to achieve efficient CO2 reduction. Herein, we report the synthesis of TiO2/CuPc heterojunctions by compositing CuPc with TiO2 microspheres via a hydroxyl-induced self-assembly process. The experimental investigations demonstrated that the optimal TiO2/0.5CuPc photocatalyst exhibited a significantly enhanced CO2 photoreduction rate up to 32.4 μmol·g−1·h−1 under 300 W xenon lamp irradiation, which was 3.7 times that of the TiO2 microspheres alone. The results of photoelectrochemical experiments indicated that the construction of the heterojunctions by introducing CuPc effectively promoted the separation and transport of photogenerated carriers, thus enhancing the catalytic effect of the photocatalyst.

Hydrogen (H2) recovery during wastewater treatment has been considered as a promising direction to accomplish environmental sustainability. However, the effective H2 evolution in contaminants degradation process was still a major challenge. In this research, an advanced piezo-photocatalytic induced hydro-energy system is proposed, in consideration of improving the separation and transfer efficiency of photogenerated electrons and holes. As expected, the catalytic performance was significantly enhanced under the stress of ultrasound-induced piezoelectric field (major nitenpyram degradation within 60 min, H2 evolution was 746.56 mu mol g-1 h-1). Experiments and density functional theory calculations illustrated that the introduced piezoelectric field directionally tuned the energy band structure of heterostructure, triggering a change in the electron transfer path within the heterostructure, which facilitated the major electrons transferred to zinc oxide (H2 evolution) and holes accumulated in molybdenum sulfide (hydroxyl radical generation), further accelerating contaminants degradation and H2 evolution. Furthermore, the in-depth mechanism of contaminants degradation and H2 evolution under the influence of piezoelectric field was further explored. The piezo-photocatalytic system of this work first accomplished H2 recovery in wastewater treatment on heterostructure, providing a constructive strategy for the design of environmentally sustainable catalytic systems.

As representative non-toxic cadmium-free quantum dots (QDs), ZnS QDs with high quantum efficiency, super stability and excellent biocompatibility had attracted wide attention in the fields of photocatalysis, solar cells and biomedicine. In this study, hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) technology was applied to the preparation of ZnS QDs. By adjusting HC device parameters, water soluble ZnS QDs with small particle size, narrow particle size distribution range, high absorbance, high luminous efficiency and high quantum yield were prepared. The morphology, size distribution, element composition and optical properties of ZnS QDs were studied by various characterization methods. ZnS QDs with average particle size of 1.48 nm, fluorescence quantum yield of 34.07% and Stokes shift of 112 nm were obtained. In addition, the mechanism of preparation of ZnS QDs by using HC method was also studied. It is hoped that this HC technology can provide a new idea for large-scale preparation of ZnS QDs with excellent properties.

With the increasingly broad application of quantum dots in many fields, how to further improve the performance of quantum dots in various aspects has become an urgent problem to be solved. In this study, hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) technology was applied for the first time in the preparation of quantum dots. Specifically, cadmium sulfide quantum dots (CdS QDs) with small particle size, narrow distribution, high concentration and large Stokes shift are prepared. Firstly, CdS precipitation was obtained in an aqueous solvent, using cadmium nitrate tetrahydrate (Cd(NO3)2·4H2O) and sodium sulfide nonahydrate (Na2S·9H2O) as Cd and S sources, respectively. Subsequently, CdS QDs were formed from top to bottom through hydrodynamic cavitation reactor, which generates high temperature, high pressure, high-speed jets, shear forces, and shock waves. In summary, the intrinsic advantages of HC technology offer a new opportunity for manufacturing large-scale quantum dots with superb performance.

A durable and recyclable Cu@MoS2/polyacrylamide/copper alginate nanocomposite double network (Cu@MoS2/PAAm/CA NCDN) hydrogel photo-Fenton-like catalyst was prepared for efficient removal of high concentration tetracycline (TC) in pharmaceutical wastewater. This hydrogel catalyst exhibits a remarkable synergistic effect between adsorption and catalytic degradation of TC. Consequently, this hydrogel catalyst shows a larger TC adsorption capacity of 122.2 mg g-1 and a higher TC degradation efficiency of 90% (degradation amount = 70.2 mg g-1) at the TC concentration of 200 mg L-1, while the TC degradation efficiency by Cu@MoS2 catalyst is only 19% (degradation amount = 38.2 mg g-1). This hydrogel catalyst can effectively remove high concentration TC under both light and dark conditions. Moreover, the tensile strength of Cu@MoS2/PAAm/CA NCDN hydrogel catalyst reaches an extraordinary 1.46 MPa and maintains 0.68 MPa after 15-day immersion in water, indicating high durability. In addition, the flexible hydrogel catalyst can keep good integrity after being deformed by stretching, bending, and knotting, etc., enabling its easy recovery. This investigation provides an innovative and versatile strategy to develop high-performance hydrogel catalysts for treating antibiotics-polluted water.