In the present study, elastic, mechanical, thermo-physical and ultrasonic properties of boron monopnictides BX (X = N, P, As) in both NaCl (B1) and CsCl (B2) phases have been investigated at room temperature. Coulomb and Born–Mayer potential model has been used for the calculation of second- and third-order elastic constants (SOECs and TOECs) of BX in both B1 and B2 phases. The calculated values of SOECs have been applied for the evaluation of the mechanical properties of these compounds using Voigt–Reuss–Hill approximation. The Born stability criteria and Vicker’s hardness parameter (H) have been used for the analysis of nature and strength of the chosen materials. Later on, ultrasonic velocities including Debye average velocities have been evaluated utilizing calculated values of SOECs and density of the chosen materials. Thermal properties of the materials such as the lattice thermal conductivity, thermal relaxation time, thermal energy density and acoustic coupling constant have been also computed along < 100 > direction. These computed thermo-physical properties indicate that BP and BAs show metallic behaviour in B1 phase, while BN shows a metallic behaviour in both phases. Finally, ultrasonic attenuation has been estimated for these materials at room temperature along < 100 > direction. The obtained results have been compared with available results and discussed with available findings on these types of materials.

Determinations of higher order elastic constants, thermal properties, mechanical properties and ultrasonic behavior have been done for fermium monopnictides. Initially, the lattice and non-linearity parameters were used to compute the higher order elastic constants at temperatures of0K, 100K, 200K and 300K by means of the Born potential mode. Variation of Cauchy’s relations has been found at higher temperature due to weak atomic interactions. The second order elastic constants (SOECs) were used to estimate mechanical parameters such as the Young’s modulus, bulk modulus, Pugh’s ratio, shear modulus, Zener’s anisotropy factor, hardness, and Poisson ratio. On the basis of the values of these parameters, we found a brittle nature of fermium monopnictides. Furthermore, the SOECs were applied to compute the wave velocities for shear and longitudinal modes of propagation along <100>, <110> and <111> crystallographic orientations. Properties such as the lattice thermal conductivity, acoustic coupling constant, thermal relaxation time and attenuation of ultrasonic waves due to thermo-elastic and phonon-phonon interaction mechanisms have been calculated at room temperature. The results of present investigation have been analysed with available findings on other rare-earth materials.

In this paper, we have investigated the elastic, mechanical, ultrasonic, and thermophysical properties of B2 structured scandium based intermetallic compounds ScM (M = Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag) at 300 K. Initially, the elastic constants were determined under potential model approach considering the interaction up to second nearest neighbors defined by Coulomb and Born–Mayer potential. The second order elastic constants (SOECs) were used to find the mechanical parameters such as shear modulus, bulk modulus, Poisson’s ratio, Young’s modulus, Pugh’s indicator, Zener ratio, Vicker’s hardness, Cauchy’s pressure, and Lame modulus in ScM intermetallic compounds. Further, SOECs were applied to compute the ultrasonic velocities and Debye velocity for wave transmission through ScM along ⟨100⟩ orientation. We have also evaluated thermal conductivity, thermal expansion coefficient, melting point, and thermal relaxation time of the chosen compounds. Finally, the ultrasonic attenuation was estimated using thermo-elastic relaxation and phonon–phonon interaction mechanisms at room temperature. The mechanical properties of ScM were discussed and analyzed on the basis of obtained elastic constants while their ultrasonic properties were discussed in connection with elastic and thermal properties.

One of the common complications diagnosed in Diabetes Mellitus (DM) patients is Diabetic Foot Ulcers (DFUs). It is a condition wherein the deep tissues located in the lower limb undergo inflammation and infection due to neurological abnormalities (neuropathy) and various degrees of vascular diseases (angiopathy). The concentration of L-tyrosine (Tyr) rises abruptly in DFUs, and therefore may be used as an indicator for early monitoring of the patient's condition during the onset of diabetic foot disease. Herein, we report the electrochemical enzymatic detection of Tyr using low energy ion beam modified titania nanotube (TiNT) thin films with nitrogen (N+) and gold (Au-) ions. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) analysis was performed to investigate the levels of Tyr using ion beam modified TiNT thin film electrodes. The modified electrodes exhibited excellent sensor performances with Au-TiNT and N-TiNT within the Tyr concentration range of 100 fM - 500 mu M with limit of detection (LoD)1.76 nM and 1.25 nM respectively and response time similar to 1 min. The results indicate that low energy ion beam modified TiNT/enzyme bio-electrodes can potentially be employed as a highly sensitive and portable sensor for real-time detection of L-tyrosine in wound fluids for the development of a smart bandage.

The temperature-dependent mechanical and ultrasonic properties of barium, calcium, and lead polonides (BaPo, CaPo, and PbPo) were investigated in the temperature range 100-300 K. The second-and thirdorder elastic constants (SOECs and TOECs) were computed using Coulomb and Born-Mayer potential and these in turn have been used to estimate other secondary elastic properties such as strength, anisotropy, microhardness, etc. The theoretical approach followed the prediction that BaPo, CaPo, and PbPo are brittle in nature. PbPo is found to be the hardest amongst the chosen compounds. Further the SOECs and TOECs are applied to determine ultrasonic velocities, Debye temperature, and acoustic coupling constants along <100>, <110>, and <111> orientations at room temperature. Additionally thermal conductivity has been computed using Morelli and Slack's approach along different crystallographic directions at room temperature. Finally ultrasonic attenuation due to phonon-phonon interaction and thermoelastic relaxation mechanisms has been computed for BaPo, CaPo, and PbPo. The behaviour of these compounds is similar to that of semi-metals with thermal relaxation time of the order 10-11 s. The present computation study is reasonably in agreement with the available theoretical data for the similar type of materials.

In computing, a processor is the unit that reads and executes program instructions, this is of fixed-length (typically 32 or 64 bit) or variable-length. The data in the instruction tells the processor what to do. The instructions are very basic things but they are processed so rapidly that we experience the results as the smooth operation of a program. Processors were originally developed with only one core. The core is that part of the processor which executes the instructions. Single-core processors always have limitations from the point of view of number of instruction per cycle of clock based on the pipelines internally, which allow several instructions to be processed together. With the advances in the processor clock speeds (touching the RF limits) the overall number crunching powers of the processors have not increased considerably. One of the way outs to improve the CPU power is to add another core either logically (with most of components shared) or adding a real physical core with dedicated components. For example, the Intel* Dual Core processors fall in the first category and the Core2 Duo processors fall in the later category. In this paper we are presenting the study done on the performance of such kind of processors (Dual Core processors, Core2 Duo processors) and evaluate them on the basis of their execution time. For this study we have taken into consideration some of the parameters affecting the performance of the processors by using the inter-core communication enabled using LAM-MPI. Our study shows that Core2 Duo has better performance in terms of execution speed than Dual Core based processors. *The mentioned brand names in this report are the copy-rights owned by the respective parent companies/manufacturers.