Gastrointestinal (GI) tract also known as alimentary canal started from mouth till to the anus which is responsible for transportation, digestion of the food, and absorption procedure. Various micro-organisms are present in the digestive tract which is responsible for these processes but imbalance in gut microbiota can lead to various digestive disorders for example constipation, diarrhea, skin irritations, autoimmune conditions, food intolerance etc. It is believed that unhealthy gut microbiome may lead to Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) which is an Autoimmune Disorder. IBD is the inflammatory condition of colon and intestine. Ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease are the type of inflammatory bowel disease. Ulcerative colitis specifically affects the colon and rectum whereas Crohn’s disease affects small intestine as well as large intestine. In this review, recently associated disorders linked with ulcerative colitis have been discussed in brief along with the comparison of UC and Crohn’s disease. It is very important to understand the differences between both of them as symptoms are most likely the same.

Multiple sclerosis occurs when immune system targets the central nervous system. It affects the myelin sheath which leads to disruption in the signalling process. Damaged myelin forms scar tissue known as sclerosis and inflammation process will take place by T-cell and other antibodies and cytokines. Individual suffers with MS shows various signs and symptoms including neurological symptoms with visual, motor and sensory problems. MS is classified into: Relapsing-remitting MS which later on leads to secondary progressive and primary progressive MS and lastly progressive relapsing MS which is a rare one. There is no particular cure for MS but with the help of medication and therapies, progress of this disease can be reduced.

Autism spectrum disorder is a spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorder usually characterized by difficulty in social behaviour and nonverbal interactions in the first three years of life. It’s not a single disorder; rather it includes different developmental disorder like autistic disorder, Rett syndrome, Asperger Syndrome. Many factors are responsible for this disorder which includes genetic, environmental and perinatal factors. There is no cure for ASD, it’s a lifelong disorder but some prevention may decrease the risk of getting this disorder. Studies have shown that autism is one of the developmental disorders which are growing very fast in the U.S. and mostly boys are at higher risk than girls. Some controversies were also there that there is some relation between vaccines and autism but there is no scientific proof. Still there is a lot of research required to broaden the horizons on the understanding of ASD.