This communication deals with the assessment of various haematobiochemical parameters in natural gastrointestinal nematodiasis and its control by suitable therapeutic management strategies in goat farming.

Of the various ectoparasites affecting pigs, the mange mites are known to be the commonest problem affecting health, production and reproduction capability of pigs which have been effectively controlled by various chemical and herbal acaricides for a limited duration (Prasad et al., 2001 and Minz, 2002). This study reports on the control. of infestation of the ectoparasites by the application of chemical and herbal acaricidal control packages.Materials and MethodsThe ectoparasite control trials were conducted on eighteen desi pigs infested naturally with Sarcoptes scabiei. The mite infested animals aged about 3 months were selected by examining the skin scrapings (Sen and Fletcher, 1962 and Soulsby, 1982) and separated into three groups each of six animals. The Gr I pigs were injected Ivermectin @ 300 mu g /kg body weight subcutaneously and Gr 11 animals were applied Neem oil (50ml) +.Karanj oil (50 ml) + Camphor (10g) topically on alternate days up to 11(th) day and Gr III pigs were kept as infected untreated control throughout the observation periods (210 days). They were also checked for the reinfestation with mite at monthly intervals and were given repeated treatments as per need during the entire observation periods. Necessary care was also taken to keep all treated animals in both the groups as far as possible free from infections other than the mite-by suitable therapeutic management. The percentage efficacies of the two acaricides were assessed on different days of observation. All the treated pigs were given supportive therapy like liver extract, mineral mixture and iron preparation as and when needed. They were provided almost balanced feeds during the period of observation.Results and DiscussionThe results (Table) obtained clearly revealed that Ivermectin control package was able to cure 100 per cent S. scabiei infested pigs on 7(th) day post-treatment (DPT). Almost similar findings have also been reported by Hogg, (1985) Obha et al. (1990) and Singh and. Chhabra, (1992). The Neem oil (50ml) + Karanj oil (50 ml) + Camphor (10g) package was observed to cure cent percent Mite infestation on 130 DPT while the mite infested untreated pigs continued to suffer clinically. Hirudkar et al., (1997) and Chhabra and Saxena (1998) have indicated Neem oil/Neem preparation to be a good acaricidal herbal agent. Karanj oil + sulphur have also been reported to possess good acaricidal activity against Sarcoptes scabiei (Manurung, 1991 and Minz, 2002). The addition of camphor in the mixture appeared to potentiate acaricidal activity of the mixture by producing numbness or cooling effect on mites. All the animals were kept free from refestation by repeating treatment till 95(th) day. There was no adverse effects observed during the experimental trials with Neem oil + Karanj oil + Camphor.SummaryThe Ivermectin and Neem oil (50ml) + Karanj oil (50 ml) + Camphor (10g) Sarcoptes scabiei control package were found to cure 100 per cent infested pigs on 7(th) and 13(th) day post treatment, respectively. The herbal miticidal preparation was found to be cheaper, easily available and safer incomparision to Ivermectin. Therefore, the herbal package can be used by the poor farmers in remote rural areas.

This communication, describe the assessment of some of the haematobiochemical changes in cows naturally suffering from fascioliasis.Materials and MethodsTwelve adult cattle naturally suffering from Fasciola gigantica were screened and allocated separately into two groups-1 (6) and 11 (6). Then all animals of group I were treated with Triclabendazole @ 10 mg/kg b.wt. orally plus supportive therapy including liver stimulant, mineral mixture and antidiarrhoeal as and when needed. The animals of group 11 were kept as infected untreated control throughout the observation periods of 20 days. The Hb, PCV, TEC, serum Ca, P, TSP, Albumin (A). Globulin (g) and A/G ratios were carried out by the standard methods (Jain, 1986).Results and DiscussionThe values of Hb (g%), PCV (%), TEC (10(6)/cumm), Ca (mg/dl), P (mg/dl) TSP (g/dl), Albumin (g/dl) were 10.18 +/- 0.29, 32.33 +/- 0.42, 6.41 +/- 0.22, 8.68 +/- 0.14, 3.72 +/- 0.19, 6.02 +/- 0.121 2.17 +/- 0.17 on zero day and increased significantly to 11.00 0.22, 36.67 +/- 0.33, 7.54 +/- 0.25, 9.70 +/- 0.21, 4.70 +/- 0.23, 6.97 +/- 0. 10 and 3.17 +/- 0.04 respectively on 20(th) day in the treated group.Whereas non-significant improvement in globulin and A/G ratio towards normal ranges were observed. But these parameters were found to vary non-significantly in the infected untreated animals on both the days of observations and remained below the normal values. Bharti and Prasad (2002) reported the various haematobiochemical changes during Fasciola/Paramphistomum spp. infection and treatment in cattle and buffaloes.

The long-term application of deltamethrin and neem oil mixed with karanj oil and camphor against lice and ivermectin and pestoban control packages against mange were found to cure infection and lead to increased body weight gain, amounting up to Rs. 106.24, 95.61, 139.11 and 158.49 per animal, respectively. The untreated control goats remained infested.