This chapter investigates the political control of gunpowder weaponry in Burgundy, France, and England during the last two centuries of the Middle Ages. The history of fourteenth-century gunpowder weaponry in continental Europe is one of almost complete local control. Further evidence for the local possession of gunpowder weaponry during the fourteenth century is found in the construction of gunports in the town wall of Mont-Saint-Michel and at the castles of Blanquefort and St Malo. Outside the Low Countries before the end of the fourteenth century, and the total Burgundian 'kingdom' after this, there is no question as to the interest of Philip the Bold and his successors in gunpowder technology In many ways because of this interest it is the Burgundian dukes who can be credited with causing the rapid evolution of gunpowder weaponry during the last half of the Hundred Years War.

World Military History BibliographyThe Military Revolution DebateCivil Wars In Britain, 1640-1646: Military Revolution On CampaignDe zoon van mijn moederWar, the State and International Law in Seventeenth-Century EuropeStrategy for ChaosThe Dutch Wars of IndependenceThe Heirs of ArchimedesEmpire and Military Revolution in Eastern EuropeThe Iraq Wars and America's Military RevolutionThe First World EmpireThe Military Revolution and the Trajectory of Spain: War, State and Society 1500-1700Medieval Warfare 1300–1450De doorbraakThe Allure of BattleBeyond the Military RevolutionWat een man isWar, Culture and Society in Early Modern South Asia, 1740-1849Conquest and ResistanceWar and Conflict in the Early Modern WorldThe Military Effectiveness of Post-Colonial StatesDe familie GoldenTechnology, Violence, and WarThe British Military Revolution of the 19th CenturyToward a Revolution in Military Affairs?European War and Diplomacy, 1337-1815The Dutch Army and the Military Revolutions, 1588-1688Alternative ExchangesThe Dynamics of Military Revolution, 1300-2050The Military Revolution in Sixteenth-century EuropeMasculinity, Militarism and Eighteenth-Century Culture, 1689-1815The Mughal Empire at WarStrategy for ChaosEmpires of the WeakThe Routledge History of Global War and SocietyThe Limits of Empire: European Imperial Formations in Early Modern World HistoryThe Military Revolution in Early Modern EuropePalgrave Advances in Modern Military HistoryInterpreting Early Modern EuropeOver de oorlog

This volume expands the debate over the origins and purposes of sports records. Developing the thesis of Allen Guttmann, Carter and Kruger explore the history and meaning of quantitative sports records in several pre-modern societies. After introductions by Guttmann and the editors, the book proceeds on a chronological study of evidence of sports records in ancient Egypt, Greece and Rome, medieval England, the Renaissance, Tudor and Elizabethan England, pre-modern Hawaii, and pre-modern Japan. The chapters that follow are thematic essays on various aspects of sports records and Ritual and Record concludes with Guttmann's response to the preceding chapters. Useful reference notes are provided within each chapter as well as in the bibliography. This book is essential reading for students of anthropology and the history of sports.