We study the temperature dependences of the specific heat of nanostructured lanthanum and sodium copper–zinc manganite LaNa 2 CuZnMnO 6 by dynamic calorimetry in the temperature range 298.15–673 K. The curve of specific heat dependence on temperature at 348 K shows a jump, probably related to a phase transition of the second kind. We derive the equations for the temperature dependence of specific heat, taking the phase transition temperature into account. The standard entropy is calculated, and the temperature dependences of the thermodynamic functions of the studied manganite are determined. The temperature dependence of the electrical resistance is studied in the range of 293 to 483 K using an LCR meter (Taiwan); at 343 K, the possible semiconductor conductivity transforms into a metallic one; and at 443 K, the metallic conductivity transforms into a semiconductor one. The bandgaps are calculated.

Copper–zinc lanthanum and calcium manganite LaCaCuZnMnO 6 was synthesized from oxides of lanthanum(III), copper(II), zinc(II), manganese(III), and calcium carbonate in the temperature range 1073–1473 K. Nanostructured particles were obtained by grinding the material in a vibratory mill. The heat capacity of the compound was studied in the range of 298.15–673 K on an IT-S-400 calorimeter. On dependence curve C_p^∘ f ( T ) at 598 K, an anomalous jump in heat capacity was detected. The temperature dependences of the electrical resistance and relative permittivity were studied on an LCR-781 setup (Taiwan) at 293–483 K and at frequencies of 1, 5, and 10 kHz. A semiconductor character of the conductivity was established. At 483 K, an anomalously high value of the permittivity was revealed at all studied frequencies.

Standard thermodynamic functions of nickel-cuprate-manganites and cobalt-cuprate-manganites of compositions obtained by us are calculated by approximate methods of calculation LaMeI2NiCuMnO6, LaMeI2CoCuMnO6, LaMeIINiCuMnO6 and LaMeIICoCuMnO6 (MeI – Li, Na, K; MeII – Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba). The standard enthalpies of formation of nickelite (cobalt) -cundratemanganites of lanthanum, alkali and alkaline earth metals are calculated by the method developed by us, which previously showed sufficient accuracy and reliability in calculating the similar characteristics of ternary oxides and manganites of alkali, alkaline earth and rare earth metals. the standard enthalpies of formation of the above compounds from oxides were calculated, the averaged values of the similarity coefficients ( К ), on the basis of which the standard enthalpies of formation of nickelite (cobalto) -crabroto-manganites from simple substances were calculated. When calculating, reference data on the standard enthalpies of formation of oxides of lithium, sodium, potassium, alkaline earth metals, copper (II), nickel (II), cobalt (II), manganese (III), lanthanum (III), and also ternary manganites LaMeI3MeII3Mn4O12 (MeI - alkali, MeII - alkaline earth metals). The standard heat capacities and standard entropies of the studied compounds were calculated by the ion increment method. The results obtained are of interest for the thermodynamic substantiation of the processes of the synthesis of these and similar compounds and serve as initial information files for fundamental reference books and data banks. References [1] Portnoi K.I., Timofeeva N.I. Kislorodnye soedineniya redkozemel'nyh elementov. M.: Metallurgiya, 1986. 480 p. [2] Tret'yakov Yu.D., Bryleov O.A. Novye pokoleniya neorganicheskih materialov // Zhurnal RHO im. D. I. Mendeleeva. 2000. Vol. 45, N 4. P. 10-16. [3] ErinYu. Naideno veshchestvo s gigantskim znacheniem dielektricheskoi pronicaemosti // Himiya i himiki. 2009. Vol. 45, N 4. P. 10-16. [4] Baisanov S.O., Gabdullin T.G., Takenov T.D. Ob organizatsiy proizvodstva margancevogo ferrosplava iz kazahstanskogo syr'ya // Stal'. 1997. N 7. P. 29-32. [5] Baisanov S.O., Takenov T.D., Tolymbekov M.Zh. idr. Ob usloviyah selektivnogo vosstanovleniya v sisteme Fe-Mn-O // Vestnik KarGU im. E.A. Buketova. Seriya him. 2005. N 4(40). P. 65-70. [6] Kasenov B.K., Kasenova Sh.B., Sagintaeva Zh.I. i dr. Dvoinye I troinye manganity, ferrity I hromity shchelochnyh, shchelochnozemel'nyh I redkozemel'nyh metallov. M.: Nauchnyy mir, 2017. 416 p. [7] Kasenov B.K., Edil'baeva S.T., Mustafin E.S. i dr. Otsenka termodinamicheskih funkciy troinyh oksidov LnMeMn2O5 (Ln – r.z.e., Me – shchelochnoi metall) // Zhurn. fiz. himii. 1999. Vol. 73, N 6. P. 1116-1118. [8] Oralova A.T. Kasenov B.K., Edil'baeva S.T. idr. Ocenka termodinamicheskih svoistv manganitov LnMe3Met3Mn4O12 (Ln – La, Nd, Dy; Me-shchelochnye, Met-shchelochnozemel'nye) // Vestnik KazNU im. al'-Farabi. Seriya him. 2007. N 2(46). P. 150-156. [9] Termicheskie konstanty veshchestv: Spravochnik / Pod red. V.P. Glushko. M.: Nauka, 1981. Vyp. Х. Ch. 1. 300 p. [10] Termicheskie konstanty veshchestv: Spravochnik / Pod red. V.P. Glushko. M.: Nauka, 1982. Vyp. 10. Ch. 2. 444 p. [11] Termicheskie konstanty veshchestv: Spravochnik / Pod red. V.P. Glushko. M.: Nauka, 1979. Vyp. 9. 576 p. [12] Termicheskie konstanty veshchestv: Spravochnik / Pod red. V.P. Glushko. M.: Nauka, 1978. Vyp. 8. Ch. 1. 536 p. [13] Termicheskie konstanty veshchestv: Spravochnik / Pod red. V.P. Glushko. M.: Nauka, 1972. Vyp. 6. Ch. 1. 370 p. [14] Termicheskie konstanty veshchestv: Spravochnik / Pod red. V.P. Glushko. M.: Nauka, 1974. Vyp.7. Ch.1. 344 p. [15] Kumok V.N. // V sb.: Pryamye I obratnye zadachi himicheskoi termodinamiki. Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1987. P. 108.

The most promising ways to obtain highly dispersed copper oxides are electrochemical methods. This method of transferring copper into a solution allows finding accurately the formation modes of the required valence ion and obtaining high chemical purity compounds. The methods of producing copper oxide (I) are based on the anodic oxidation of metallic copper in an alkaline chloride-containing solution. The main advantage of the electrochemical method is the possibility of obtaining high quality powder with a smaller particle size not containing metallic copper and bivalent copper oxide. The results of studying anodic corrosion of copper in weakly alkaline and acidic chloride solutions show that, depending on the content of chloride ions in the solution and the specified potential value, there can be formed complex copper chloride compounds that in the process of hydrolysis form copper oxide (I) powder. The region of thermodynamically stable existing of monovalent copper chloride complexes at low potential values and pH increases. In this work there has been for the first time made the calculation and a diagram has been constructed that allows determining only the most probable pH, pCl(-) and the electrode region, in which copper oxide (I) can be obtained.

The chrysocolla mineral takes a unique place among the minerals found in the complex oxidized copper ores. For developing the newest efficient methods of processing such ores it is necessary study comprehensively the properties of the chrysocolla mineral. The difficulty is in distinguishing between monomineral fractions from the ore. In literature there are no data of obtaining chrysocolla artificially, there are only different authors' suppositions regarding the mineral formation in the earth crust by means of copper adsorption from solutions by silica. In this connection we for the first time by the method of voltammetry have established the mechanism of forming the chrysocolla mineral during anodic polarization of the electrode in the sodium metasilicate solution. There has been shown a possibility to obtain chiysocolla by means of electrolysis from the water solution of sodium metasilicate. There has been studied the effect of the current density, the concentration of sodium metasilicate, the solution temperature and the duration of electrolysis on the chrysocolla current yield. In optimal conditions the current yield is 78.5 %. There has been carried out a comparative analysis of the obtained by electrolysis chrysocolla with its natural analogue. There have been used methods of IR spectroscopy, differential-thermal and chemical analyses that confirm the identification of the electrolysis chrysocolla with chrysocolla taken as the reference.

Ferro-chromo-manganites with compositions LaMeFeCrMnO 6.5 (Me = Li, Na, K) are synthesized via ceramic technology from La 2 O 3 (special purity grade), Fe 2 O 3 , Cr 2 O 3 , Mn 2 O 3 , and carbonates of alkali metals (analytical grade). The individuality of the resulting compounds is confirmed via X-ray phase analysis. The heat capacity of nanosized LaMeFeCrMnO 6.5 (Me = Li, Na, K) ferro-chromo-manganites is measured via dynamic calorimetry in the temperature interval of 298.15–673 K on an IT-S-400 apparatus. The values of C ° p ( T ) and thermodynamic functions H °( T )– H °(298.15), S °( T ), and Φ xx ( T ) are calculated. The temperature dependences of the electrical capacity ( C ), dielectric permeability (ε) and electrical resistivity ( R ) studied in the temperature range of 293–483 K show that these materials are also of interest for microelectronics.

The main advantage of the known electrochemical methods is the possibility of obtaining powders with a smaller particle size, which eliminates the additional stage of its processing, i.e. regrinding. The works aimed at obtaining nanodimensional powders of copper oxide compounds that are widely used in the production of antibacterial materials, solar batteries, gas sensors, photovoltaic cells, in semiconductor technology, as well as a catalyst for the oxygen electrode of a fuel cell with a solid electrolyte, are now of ever-greater interest. In this paper by the method of voltammetry there has bee for the first time studied the mechanism of forming copper silicate powder nanoparticles during anodic polarization of a copper electrode in a slightly alkaline solution of potassium silicate. Based on the results obtained, using the method of mathematical planning of the experiment, there has been studied the effect of the current density, the concentration of potassium silicate, the temperature of the electrolyte, the duration of electrolysis on the current yield of the nanosized copper silicate powder. The optimal parameters of electrolysis in galvanostatic conditions have been determined. The chemical analytical method has established the compliance of the electrolysis-produced copper silicate with the formula CuSiO3 center dot 3,8H(2)O. There have been performed the electronic microscopic studies of the synthesized copper silicate powder and the particle sizes have been determined in the region of 50 nm.

The heat capacities of nanosized ferro-chromo-manganites LaM0.5 IIFeCrMnO6.5 (MII–Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba) are measured via dynamic calorimetry in the temperature range of 298.15–673 K using an IT-S-400 instrument. It is established that the C°p~f(T) function of LaM0.5 IIFeCrMnO6.5 (MII–Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba) has λ-type effects, due probably to phase transitions of the second order. Considering the temperatures of the phase transitions, equations of the heat capacity of ferro-chromo-manganites LaM0.5 IIFeCrMnO6.5 (MII–Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba) as a function of temperature are derived on the basis of experimental data. Thermodynamic functions Н°(Т)–Н°(298.15), S°(Т), and Ф хх(Т) are calculated in the temperature range of 298.15–675 K.

In recent decades, the economic processes at both micro and macro levels have been affected significantly by the globalization, resulting in strengthening the ties and interaction between economies, promoting industrial development, tougher sector-wide competition and scientific and technological advancement. It has become increasingly challenging for many businesses to sustain a stable market position, not to mention business growth. It is beyond doubt that by focusing on growth and sustainability, economic entities develop the economy in general. However, it can affect other areas too. For example, expansion of production has a negative ecological impact, causing resource depletion and environmental pollution; and the desire to reduce costs often affects the working conditions and the wellbeing of employees. Recently, economic entities all over the world have been paying special attention to the environmental impact and social responsibility of business, which are two of the three main components of sustainable development. Therefore, the concept of sustainable development has been playing an increasingly significant role in every country in the world. Undoubtedly, many economic entities of today strive to adhere to the principles of sustainable development of business, which include economic success, environmental protection, and social wellbeing. The definition of “sustainable development” was first introduced in 1987 by the International Commission on Environment and Development. Despite this, the process of introducing the postulates of the International Commission into the activities of modern economic entities is still ongoing. Undoubtedly, many modern economic entities strive to adhere to the strategy of sustainable development, shaping their activities in the framework of compliance with the principles of financial success, causing the least damage to the environment and taking into account the social component. It is worth noting that the implementation of the concept of sustainable development in the management of a business entity requires the use of effective tools.

The model of the system of internal quality assurance of education in higher educational Institution in accordance with the European standards and guidelines for quality assurance is represented. The main components of the system and their interaction with the external quality assessment of higher education are considered.

The authorial methodology of estimation of dangers and accident rate of technological processes, tested on the basis of these mines of the Karaganda region, is offered in the article. It is shown that the dynamics of number of accidents and their repetition submit to the law of cosine. On the basis of analysis of calculation dependences and concrete calculations of parameters of hazardous occurrences for different basic data a conclusion is done about the presence of nonlinear connection between the sizes of frequencies of near-accidents and hazardous occurrences. The offered methodology is suitable for engineering calculations and prognosis. The rightness of the theoretical premises was confirmed by the experimental researches.

The reasons of destruction of a ground structure at explosions are considered in the article. The rated equations for definition of the characteristics changes of a ground skeleton intense state at the action of shock waves are deduced. It is shown, that the problem of definition of border for a structure destruction zone and ground compression at explosive influence leads to consideration of the condition of the structure destruction and the intense ground state at an explosion. The empirical method of definition of a zone contour of structure destruction and of a ground compression at an explosion is offered.