Having at our disposal a dataset of 186 lip cancer cases in Greece, we attempt to interpret them by applying four different statistical methods: Generalized Linear Model (GLM), Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC), Cox proportional hazards model and Bayes factor. The likelihood score equations from GLM exerted estimators with bounded influence, so that the resulting estimators were robust against outliers while maintaining high efficiency in the absence of outliers. Batch means method of estimating the variance of the asymptotic normal distribution, used in MCMC, gave strong consistency when it was applied to our data. A Cox proportional hazards model done with a weighted expectation-maximization gave efficient parameter estimates. Finally, using Bayes factor to the prior distributions for the parameters in compared regression models was proved to be highly sensitive.

AIM: To investigate alternative possibilities for the intraoperative evaluation of surgical margins after bone resection utilizing more conventional hospital infrastructure technologies.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A small pilot study was performed using digital mammograph imaging intraoperatively on 16 surgical specimens of bone tumours or malignancies with bone infiltration of the head and neck area, with the aim of evaluating the resection margins.RESULTS: In thirteen cases the intraoperative specimen images indicated clinically complete excision. In two cases incomplete resection or close proximity of margins was detected, which required additional resection.CONCLUSIONS: The results indicated that intraoperative specimen radiography can prove useful in evaluating completeness of excision. The significance of intraoperative assessment of surgical margin is of paramount importance when immediate reconstruction is performed. This proposed method is cheap, easy to perform and fast. Its cost-benefit ratio is superior than that of any other available technique. Intraoperative analysis of specimens with digital mammography imaging can potentially become a useful tool for immediate evaluation of osseous margins after resection. (C) 2012 The Royal College of Radiologists. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

BackgroundBasal cell carcinoma (BCC) is one of the most frequent forms of malignancy in humans. Although BCC is a tumour of low degree of malignancy, if left untreated, it can be locally aggressive, eat away at tissues and cause ulceration. Nodular is the most common subtype of BCC (> 50%). Although apparently non-invasive, micronodular, a certain subgroup of nodular, is likely to recur. Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), such as hyaluronic acid (HA), are extracellular matrix molecules of high importance in malignant transformation, metastasis and other complex remodelling processes.ObjectivesTo investigate the expression of GAGs and their metabolizing enzymes in nodular BCC, when compared with adjacent healthy human skin tissue specimens.MethodsTotal GAGs were isolated and purified from nodular BCC and normal adjacent human skin tissue specimens. GAGs were subsequently fractionated by electrophoresis on cellulose acetate membranes and characterized using specific GAG-degrading enzymes. The content of HA in total GAGs was measured using ELISA and the expression of HA synthases (HAS), hyaluronidases (HYAL) and HA receptors (CD44 and receptor hyaluronic acid-mediated motility (RHAMM) was assessed using RT-PCR.ResultsNodular BCC is associated with increased levels of HA concomitant with upregulation of gene expression of HAS3, HYAL3 and RHAMM, when compared with normal adjacent skin.ConclusionThese results indicate that HA homeostasis in nodular BCC shows distinct features which may be helpful in understanding the complex behaviour of nodular subtype of BCC, thus eventually leading to new treatment strategies.

Background Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) accounts for nearly 25% of all cancers in the human body and for almost 75% of skin malignancies; approximately 85% of basal cell carcinomas develop in the head and neck region. Limited demographic, clinical and histological predictors for second primary and/or recurrent BCC have been identified to date. Objective To identify predictors of recurrence and second primary tumour development of BCC in the head and neck region. Methods and materials We included 1062 patients with a histological confirmed diagnosis of BCC. Multivariate and Cox regression analysis were used to access demographic, clinical and histological predictors. Results Study follow up included 4302 patient-years, each patient was followed-up for an average 4.0±1.8 years (range 1–12). Overall recurrence rate was 4%. High-risk histology type was associated with increased risk for recurrence [odds ratio (OR)=3.47, 95% CI: 1.07–11.25]. We calculated a 4-fold increased risk for recurrence with positive excision margins (OR=4.31, 95% CI: 1.82–10.22), a 21% increased risk for recurrence (OR=1.21, 95% CI: 1.06–1.37) and a 25% increased risk for second primary BCC development (OR=1.25, 95% CI: 1.17–1.34) per every single year of follow-up. The median free of second primary tumour time was 7 years, while the median free of recurrence time was 12 years. Conclusion The strongest predictors for recurrence are positive excision margins and high-risk histology type, indicating the need for additional patient care in such cases.

International Journal of Dental HygieneVolume 8, Issue 2 p. 154-154 The role of dental hygienist in the prevention of osteonecrosis of the jaw in patients wearing dentures A Kyrgidis, A Kyrgidis Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryTheagenio Cancer HospitalThessalonikiGreeceTel: +306947566727Fax: +302310546701E-mail: akyrgidi@gmail.comSearch for more papers by this authorZ Teleioudis, Z Teleioudis Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryTheagenio Cancer HospitalThessalonikiGreeceTel: +306947566727Fax: +302310546701E-mail: akyrgidi@gmail.comSearch for more papers by this authorK Vahtsevanos, K Vahtsevanos Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryTheagenio Cancer HospitalThessalonikiGreeceTel: +306947566727Fax: +302310546701E-mail: akyrgidi@gmail.comSearch for more papers by this author A Kyrgidis, A Kyrgidis Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryTheagenio Cancer HospitalThessalonikiGreeceTel: +306947566727Fax: +302310546701E-mail: akyrgidi@gmail.comSearch for more papers by this authorZ Teleioudis, Z Teleioudis Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryTheagenio Cancer HospitalThessalonikiGreeceTel: +306947566727Fax: +302310546701E-mail: akyrgidi@gmail.comSearch for more papers by this authorK Vahtsevanos, K Vahtsevanos Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryTheagenio Cancer HospitalThessalonikiGreeceTel: +306947566727Fax: +302310546701E-mail: akyrgidi@gmail.comSearch for more papers by this author First published: 13 April 2010 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-5037.2009.00409.xCitations: 4Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume8, Issue2May 2010Pages 154-154 RelatedInformation

Background and Aim: Orbital exenteration is a rare, mutilating procedure reserved for treatment of locally invasive malignancy or potentially life-threatening orbital neoplasms, and used only when less destructive techniques are inadequate. The aim of this study is to report our experience and analyze data of patients who were subject to orbital exenteration, and to identify key factors affecting mortality associated with the surgical procedure.

Extrinsic skin ageing or 'photoageing', as opposed to intrinsic skin ageing, is the result of exposure to external factors, mainly ultraviolet irradiation. Glycosaminoglycans (GAG) and particularly hyaluronic acid (HA) are major components of the cutaneous extracellular matrix involved in tissue repair. However, their involvement in extrinsic skin ageing remains elusive. In this study, we investigated the expression of HA and its metabolizing enzymes in photoexposed and photoprotected human skin tissue specimens, obtained from the same patient. Total GAG were isolated, characterized using specific GAG-degrading enzymes and separated by electrophoresis on cellulose acetate membranes and polyacrylamide gels. Quantitation of HA in total GAG was performed using ELISA. Gene expression of hyaluronan synthases (HAS), hyaluronidases (HYAL) and HA receptors CD44 and receptor for HA-mediated motility (RHAMM) was assessed by RT-PCR. We detected a significant increase in the expression of HA, of lower molecular mass, in photoexposed skin as compared with photoprotected skin. This increase was associated with a significant decrease in the expression of HAS1 and an increase in the expression of HYAL1-3. Furthermore, the expression of HA receptors CD44 and RHAMM was significantly downregulated in photoexposed as compared with photoprotected skin. These findings indicate that extrinsic skin ageing is characterized by distinct homoeostasis of HA. The elucidation of the role of HA homoeostasis in extrinsic skin ageing may offer an additional approach in handling cutaneous ageing.

It is renowned that breast cancer patients suffer from a number of cancer-related skeletal events, while drugs recently added to the practitioners’ quiver, such as aromatase inhibitors, intensify the need to preserve bone mass in this group of patients. Bisphosphonates are potent inhibitors of both normal and pathologic bone resorption. Besides their apoptotic and antiproliferative activity on osteoclasts, bisphosphonates can also exert various effects on macrophages, keratinocytes and fibroblasts. Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw is a complication that emerged after broad clinical use of bisphosphonates, and which has not yet been adequately described in a clinical trial setting. The purpose of this review is to critically reflect the incidence, etiopathogenesis, prevention and treatment of osteonecrosis of the jaw. Succinct suggestions are provided to ensure clinicians prevent and detect the complications early.

To present a large series of patients with orbital invasion by periocular basal cell carcinoma (BCC).Retrospective, noncomparative, interventional case series.All cases diagnosed with orbital invasion by periocular BCC between January 1985 and July 2004 in 3 Orbital Units in Australia.The clinical records of all patients were reviewed.Patients' demographics, clinical presentation, histologic subtypes, treatment modalities, recurrence rate, and tumor-related death.There were 64 patients (49 males) with a mean age of 70±13 years. Most tumors (84.4%) were recurrent or previously incompletely excised, and the medial canthus was most frequently involved (56.2%). Signs suggestive of orbital involvement included a mass with bone fixation (35.7%), limitation of ocular motility (30.4%), and globe displacement (17.6%). There were no signs suggestive of orbital invasion in 35.7%. Most patients (51.6%) had infiltrative histologic findings, and perineural invasion was present in 19.3%. Treatment modalities were mainly exenteration alone or combined with radiotherapy. During a mean follow-up period of 3.6 years, 3 cases of recurrence (4.7%) were diagnosed. Only 1 patient (1.6%) died from tumor-related causes.Orbital invasion by periocular BCC is an uncommon event that may be associated with significant ocular morbidity and, rarely, death. Because orbital invasion may often be clinically silent, clinicians need to be alert to the possibility in high-risk tumors and consider appropriate imaging. Surgical treatment with exenteration or excision, with or without radiotherapy, results in a low recurrence and mortality rate.

To evaluate peri-implant bone loss, the presence of peri-implantitis, aesthetic satisfaction, and quality of life in patients with implant-based prosthetic restorations using implants with or without smooth necks, placed in different bone positions.400 patients received 1,244 implants: 515 with smooth neck monitored over an average of 6.44 ± 2.55 years and 729 without smooth neck monitored over 5.61 ± 2.52 years. Radiographic bone loss, presence of periimplantitis, implant loss, quality of life (OHIP-14), and patient satisfaction with prosthetic esthetics were evaluated, comparing groups.120 implants developed peri-implantitis, 15 with a 2.5 mm smooth neck and 105 without smooth neck. Patients without smooth-necked implants showed a worse quality of life with statistically significant difference (p < 0.001). Patient satisfaction with prostheses was higher among the group without smooth neck.Implants with smooth polished necks would appear to suffer less bone loss and peri-implantitis, and lead to better patient quality of life. However, implants without smooth necks placed crestally led to higher patient satisfaction with aesthetics.