Social work is a discipline guided by ideologies and aspirations for equity and racial justice; yet, a review of documented history on its founding and founders reveals a narrative that is confoundingly different than its ideas. Social work programs share a ubiquitous narrative that white founders were the cornerstone images of the discipline, describing these individuals as revolutionaries who were ahead of their time. White founders Jane Addams and Mary Richmond have been lauded countless awards and recognition for their progressive works of service, and nearly deified postmortem. Schools of social work and initiatives have been named after them and hosts of scholarly materials and documentaries are created to herald their works. Yet, scholars are now challenging such notions and questioning why they were deemed historical heroes and the current day effect their images have on the discipline moving forward. Such revolutionary thinking questions why social work has only embraced white founders and suggests that BIPOC contributions to social justice are as remarkable and noteworthy in helping establish the discipline. As social work begins to revisit and reconcile with its past, refining how the discipline tells its history is needed to build a future that truly embraces and activates equity and social justice.
Child welfare workers experience increased risk of secondary traumatic stress (STS) and burnout. Despite encouragement to bolster self-care, little remains known about self-care and well-being outcomes. This study explored frequency of self-care and its relationship with STS, burnout, and compassion satisfaction by surveying 305 child welfare direct service and supervisor professionals. Participants completed the ProQol and reported frequency and types of self-care. Findings indicated frequency of self-care was associated with decreased STS and burnout, and increased compassion satisfaction. Given the prevalence of STS in child welfare, further exploration of self-care and its potential for strengthening well-being is necessary.
As an ongoing collective trauma event, the COVID-19 pandemic has produced varied experiences and narratives among diverse populations, which have implications for meaning-making and healing post-pandemic. This study examined narratives from six social work students to better understand how individuals make meaning out of the pandemic experience. Holistic content analysis was utilized to identify a core pattern, comprised of a single in-vivo quote, and key themes within each case. Two participants utilized imagery or metaphor to describe emotional impacts of the pandemic; two emphasized the social responsibilities and roles they were challenged to perform during the pandemic, particularly the role of being a parent; and two conveyed how they endured the pandemic through the use of self-care and grounding strategies. Participants' inability to perform their professional and community service roles during this event created a sense of internal conflict between one's felt need to help and the internalized master narrative of social work as a serving profession. Findings illustrate how individuals find meaning through storytelling, grounding, identity navigation, and research participation through a collective trauma and indicate potential strategies for individual and collective processing and healing.
A multigenerational case study in an outpatient clinic setting was utilized to allow advanced practice nursing and graduate level social work students to practice interprofessional collaboration. The primary objective of this event was for the learners to better understand each other's roles and practice communication techniques to facilitate the development of a collaborative plan of care. The learning activity included pre-event didactic education, collaborative plan of care development with unfolding case details, and facilitator-led debriefing. A pre/post reflection and survey were used to assess the impact and value of the experience and understanding of the partnering profession. In the third year, the delivery format was switched to virtual. Analysis showed that students valued the learning opportunity whether delivered in person or virtually. Overall, the event was shown to be effective both in-person and virtually implemented in promoting integrated care.
Social work educators prepare students to respond to crises across system levels. A global pandemic or large-scale disasters, however, present challenges educators are ill prepared for. This study explored the experiences of BSW and MSW students during the COVID-19 pandemic. With a trauma-informed pedagogy framework, a team of faculty and students conducted in-depth interviews with social work students at a Midwestern school of social work. Thematic analyses revealed two categories. First, broad lessons learned included clear guidelines for educators across higher education. Second, three themes revealed tensions in student reactions to their experiences during COVID-19: (a) loss versus safety, (b) flexibility versus structure, and (c) affective responses versus competing responsibilities. Findings are discussed and implications for social work are identified.
As social work educators and students, the COVID-19 pandemic impacted our teaching and learning in challenging ways. We embarked on a qualitative research study to better understand the ways in which the pandemic was affecting the social work students in our program. Three faculty mentors worked collaboratively with five social work students across BSW, MSW, and PhD programs to interview 66 BSW and MSW students about their experiences, challenges, and hopes during the early months of the pandemic. BSW and MSW students led the analysis and early dissemination for the project. This essay describes the unique experiences of social work students by using a research poem to capture the emotional and experiential aspects of the students we interviewed.
Severe racial inequity has characterized the incorporation of ethnic minorities’ contributions to U.S. history and advancements (Sandoval et al., 2016). These disparities are inextricably connected to White Supremacist ideologies and practices, and are perpetuated in higher education through textbooks, pedagogy, and research. Social work, like many disciplines, teaches about its early roots with a whitewashed historical lens. Indeed, review of the social work literature reveals the scarcity of attributions to Black, Indigenous, and other People of Color (BIPOC). Without a more racially diverse perspective on social work’s history, social work scholars promote and sustain White Supremacy. The implications of this are crucial since social work education is predominantly populated by privileged White students who adopt this mentality, unaware of Black, Brown, Latino, Asian, Native or Other ethnic “Jane Addams” who have massively promoted the social welfare of communities for decades without historical recognition or the privileged positions of Addams and Richmond. Historical distortions also potentially discourage BIPOC social work students’ self-efficacy and future efforts to contribute and excel in the discipline. To properly address this issue, social work history must be refaced with a more equitable and just lens. This review seeks to address the gap in the literature pertaining to the need for a greater integration and infusion of racially diverse social work historical contributions in several ways. Recommendations will be made for future research in this area to dismantle racist perspectives in social work history, and strategies will be offered to help social work educators and researchers address this critical issue.