Using femtosecond laser pulses delivered through an optical contact with a highly refractive zinc sulfide immersion medium, a readable photoluminescent micromark was written in the bulk of diamond. The influence of a highly refractive immersion medium on the position and size of the confocal region when reading a luminescent micromark is shown. It was established that in the materials under study the main mechanism of nonlinear attenuation of laser radiation is moderate two-photon absorption, the coefficients of which have been determined. The applicability of zinc sulfide as an optically consistent, highly refractive immersion medium for laser writing and reading of photoluminescent diamond micromarks has been demonstrated. After pressing the diamond into a zinc sulfide plate by high-temperature plastic deformation in an argon atmosphere, optical spectrophotometry and X-ray phase analysis reveal a noticeable opacity of the immersion material due to surface pyrohydrolysis, which partially impedes the read out of photoluminescent micromarks.

New pentafluorobenzoate (Рfb) copper complexes with 2,3- and 3,5-lutidine (2,3- and 3,5-Lut, respectively), quinoline (Quin), and 1,10-phenanthroline (Рhen) ([Cu 2 (MeCN) 2 (Рfb) 4 ] ( I ), [Cu(2,3-Lut) 2 (Pfb) 2 ] ( II ), [Cu(3,5-Lut) 4 (Pfb) 2 ] ( III ), [Cu(Quin) 2 (Pfb) 2 ] ( IV ), and [Cu 2 (Phen) 2 (Pfb) 4 ] ( V )) are synthesized by the newly developed methods and characterized. The unusual heteroanionic pentafluorobenzoate benzoate (Вnz) ionic compound [Cu 2 (Рhen) 2 (Рfb) 3 ] + (Рnz) – ( VI ) is synthesized. It is shown that the four-bridge binuclear metal cage of complex I is not retained in the reactions with various pyridine derivatives. In the case of such α-substituted pyridines as 2,3-lutidine and quinoline, the compositions and structures of the final products of the reactions with copper pentafluorobenzoate are independent of the initial ratio of the reagents and crystallization conditions. It is revealed by the Hirshfeld surface analysis that π···π, C–F···π, C–H···F, and F···F interactions make the major contribution to the stabilization of crystal packings of the synthesized complexes.

Plantago asiatica L. is an endemic terrestrial plant species which grows in Eastern Siberia and the Russian Far East, and is also found in East Asian countries; it is not a pharmacopeia species.We report here a comparative phytochemical and pharmacognostic analysis of the leaves of Plantago asiatica L. and Plantago major L. Pectins were isolated from the leaves of both plantain species and their contents in raw materials were determined (12.80 ± 0.56

The results of studying heterometallic complexes Ln(III)–Cd(II) with anions of aromatic and aliphatic monocarboxylic acids are generalized. A number of substantial features is observed in complexes Ln(III)–Cd(II), but they are not characteristic of compounds Ln(III)–М(II) with 3d-metal ions (M = Co, Ni, Cu, Zn). A tendency of the cadmium(II) complexes to form coordination polymers at the compositions typical of the molecular 3d-metal complexes is shown. The effect of the substituent in benzoic acid on the structures and photoluminescence properties of the heterometallic Ln(III)–Cd(II) complexes is revealed.

Despite significant advances in modern medicine, effective therapeutics for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) treatment have not yet been found. Currently, the use of exosomes and microvesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has begun to be considered as one of the promising approaches to the therapy of this disease. Exosomes and microvesicles in comparison with MSCs have significant benefits such as nanometric size, inability to divide, lack of risks of immunogenicity, malignant transformation, and thrombosis. In this work, cytochalasin B–induced membrane vesicles (CIMVs) from MSCs isolated from the adipose tissue were obtained and characterized, and the possibility of their penetration into the brain after intranasal administration was studied. Preliminarily, MSCs were transduced with the recombinant replication-deficient lentivirus containing RFP gene. The study was carried out on a model of sporadic AD in olfactory bulbectomized (OBX) mice, demonstrating behavioral, biochemical, and morphological signs of neurodegenerative process of the Alzheimer’s type. Four hours after intranasal administration, presence of vesicles containing the fluorescent protein RFP was observed in the hippocampus and neocortex of OBX mice, i.e., in the brain areas most vulnerable to AD. It is assumed that microvesicles administrated intranasally can act as nanocontainers for target delivery of biologically active compounds present in MSCs, or even drugs to the brain regions affected by neurodegeneration, and are a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of AD.

Methods for the synthesis of new cadmium thiocyanate complexes with 3,5- and 2,6-lutidine (3,5- and 2,6-Lut, respectively), [Cd(NCS)2(3,5-Lut)2]n⋅nMeCN (I) and [Cd(NCS)2(2,6-Lut)]n (II), are developed. The synthesized complexes are characterized. The use of 2,6-lutidine is shown to generate steric hindrances because of which only one molecule of the N-donor ligand can coordinate to the cadmium atom. The crystal packings of complexes I and II are stabilized by intermolecular π…π, S…S, and C–H…S interactions. The compounds are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) (CIF files CCDC nos. 2034816 (I) and 2206062 (II)) and C,H,N-analysis data.

The deep oxidation of hydrocarbons on platinum catalysts underlies most processes for cleaning gas emissions from industrial enterprises. Since carbon monoxide is usually present in exhaust gases, it is important to study its effect on the kinetics of hydrocarbon oxidation. This work presents results from studying the kinetics of propane oxidation on a platinum glass fiber catalyst with and without CO in the reaction mixture. It is found that CO strongly inhibits the oxidation of propane at low temperatures. The effect of CO changes from negative to positive as the temperature rises. Numerical modeling shows the multidirectionality of the effect can be explained by competition between the adsorption of oxygen, propane, and CO on the active sites of the catalyst.

The reaction of Cd(NO 3 ) 2 ⋅4H 2 O with 3-aminoquinoline (3-Аq) affords the molecular and poly-meric complexes [Cd(NO 3 ) 2 (H 2 O)(3-Аq)]⋅2MeCN ( I ) and {[Cd(NO 3 ) 2 (3-Аq) 2 ]⋅MeCN} n ( II ), respectively, depending on the ratio of the reagents and composition of the medium. Compounds I and II are studied by elemental analysis, X-ray structure analysis (CIF files CCDC nos. 2015059 ( I ) and 2015060 ( II )), X-ray diffraction analysis, and luminescence investigation. In both cases, the environment of the cadmium atom is a pentagonal bipyramid. The 3-Аq molecules of dimer I are bridging ligands, and the monodentate mode of binding with Cd(II) along with the indicated function is observed in the polymer. Hydrogen bonds between the H atoms of the NH 2 group and the N atom of the solvate MeCN molecule and the O atom of the NO 3 group result in the formation of a three-dimensional supramolecular network, which is additionally strengthened by intermolecular stacking interactions between the aromatic fragments of 3-Аq of the adjacent molecules. Both compounds luminesce in the red spectral range. As compared to the spectrum of free 3-Аq, the shift of the emission bands of dimer I and polymer II in this range is 93 and 38 nm, respectively.

Poorly esterified pectin was isolated from the seagrass Phyllospadix iwatensis Makino, 1931 and modified using acidic hydrolysis in 0.5 M HCl. The concentration of anhydrogalacturonic acid, the degree of methoxylation, and the molecular weight distribution were determined in the native and hydrolyzed pectins. The sorption capacity of these pectins with regard to strontium and yttrium ions was evaluated at pH 6.0. It was found that the molecular weight of the native pectin decreased by 2.9 times during hydrolysis; the relative content of anhydrogalacturonic acid in the native pectin increased by 14%, while the degree of esterification decreased from 5.22 to 0%. The sorption capacity of the hydrolyzed pectin increased for strontium and yttrium ions by 40 and 48%, respectively. In our study, hydrolyzed pectin fully retained the ability to bind metal ions from their solutions at a low concentration.

An ellipsometer with switching of orthogonal polarization states is described, whose main feature is the use of a dual radiation source and Glan–Thompson polarization prisms from calcite with mixing and separation of orthogonally polarized beams. High reproducibility and stability of measurements of ellipsometric parameters Ψ and Δ in the spectral range of 400–2200 nm were achieved. With an integration time at each point of 2 s, the rms noise at a wavelength of 800 nm and a silicon oxide thickness of 450 nm for Ψ and Δ was 0.0025° and 0.016°, respectively. The RMS noise at a wavelength of 1800 nm and a silicon oxide thickness of 513 nm for Ψ and Δ was 0.005° and 0.03°, respectively.

Key properties of silicate glasses are highlighted including the capability of stabilizing disperse Pd nanoparticles in the bulk of glass fibers (GF), high solubility of acetylene and hydrogen, as well as their high mobility. These properties provide the high activity and selectivity of Pd/GF catalysts to hydrogenation of acetylene in excess ethylene over a wide range of acetylene conversions up to its complete one. For a wide variety of mono-, bimetallic systems including catalysts with single palladium atoms, TOF was established to depend only slightly on the palladium dispersion and support nature, i.e. the reaction can be considered structure-insensitive. Nevertheless, a TOF decrease was observed in the systems with single atoms; that was accounted for by declining of the hydrogen dissociation rate or its slower spillover. Isotope-kinetic data were used for determining quantitatively undesirable contributions to the process selectivity caused by both hydrogenation of acetylene and gas-phase ethylene to ethane. High selectivities of alloyed bimetallic systems comprising isolated palladium atoms at approaching to the complete conversion of acetylene were caused by the low rate of hydrogenation of weakly adsorbed ethylene to ethane while for Pd/GF catalysts by the complete exclusion of the hydrogenation of ethylene from gas-phase.

The reactions of Cd(NO3)2 ⋅ 4H2O with 2-amino-5-bromopyridine (Аbp) afford compounds [Cd(NO3)2(Аbp)(H2O)]n (I) and [Cd(NO3)2(Abp)2(H2O)2] (II). The structures of both complexes are determined by single-crystal X-ray structure analysis (CIF files CCDC nos. 1938624 (I) and 1959680 (II)). Compound I is a coordination 1D polymer in which two chelate-bonded $${\text{NO}}_{3}^{ - }$$ groups act as bridges. The coordination polyhedron of the octacoordinated central cadmium atom in compound I consists of seven oxygen atoms (one oxygen atom of water and six atoms of the $${\text{NO}}_{3}^{ - }$$ groups) and one nitrogen atom of Abp, being a triangular dodecahedron. Complex II is a mononuclear molecule in which the octahedral coordination polyhedron of Cd is formed by four oxygen atoms of two water molecules and two $${\text{NO}}_{3}^{ - }$$ groups and two oxygen atoms of two molecules of the Abp cycle. In both complexes, the amino group of Abp is not involved in coordination with the metal. Compound I is studied by 1H, 31C, and 15N NMR spectroscopy of a solution of the polymer complex in CD3CN, and the most substantial difference in the chemical shifts of the bound and free Abp ligands is observed in the 15N NMR spectra (37 ppm). According to the data of luminescence spectroscopy, compounds I and II exhibit an emission in a range of 430–690 nm.