Rising numbers of patients in the field of radiation therapy require an optimization of the efficiency and automatism of the work process. One approach is the computer-assisted segmentation with atlas-based segmentation programs (ABAS) of clinical target volumes (CTV) and organs at risk (OAR), which automatically generate an estimate of CTV and OAR. We tested and evaluated the quality of those delineated volumes in context of treatment planning for breast and anorectal cancer. The algorithm used (Electa Software, St. Louis, MO) is based on the principle that an atlas with defined CTV serves as a template case to delineate automatically target volumes of sample patient cases. Automatic delineation results are compared with CTV's of breast and anorectal cancer, which are contoured manually according to guidelines of the Radio Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG). Results are quantified by analyzing the Dice Similarity Index (DSC), the logit Dice transformation (logitDSC) and Percent Overlap (PO). Dice Indices > 0.84 and logDSC > 0.750 are defined to be acceptable. Furthermore this study introduces an additional feature of the software, Staple, which is designed to improve the delineation outcome. ABAS produced good results for the CTV of the breast and the rectum. However, delineations of the inguinal lymphatic flow were dissatisfying. Average DSC for CTV of the breast were between 0.86 and 0.9056 (Range [0,1]), of the average logit(DSC) between 0.7944 and 0.9889 (Range [-inf,inf]) and of the average PO between 75.5% and 82.89%. For anorectal cancer average DSC lied in between 0.7917 and 0.8467, average logit(DSC) in between 0.6083 and 0.7667 and average PO in between 68% and 73.67%. Generally ABAS produced satisfactory and time-saving results for the clinical target volumes of breast and anorectal cancer. In addition the introduction of Staple succeeded in enhancing the contouring outcome. Small target volumes with inaccurate definition of boundary layers are yet to be delineated manually.

Der Einsatz von Biomüllkompost auf flachgründigem Niedermoor zeigte eine positive Nährstoffwirkung, da er über wenig Stickstoff aber relativ viel Kalium und Phosphor verfügt. Die Ausbringung von Biomüllkompost ermöglicht durch die bedeckende Wirkung neben einer vollwertigen Nährstoffversorgung der Grünlandbestände auch einen gewissen Bodenschutz. Die Schwermetallgehalte des Kompostes begrenzen die Aufwandmengen.

The ZrO2-ZrN system (5–25%ZrN) has been shown to form a rhombohedral structure containing tetragonal and monoclinic ZrO2 precipitates of order 300 nm × 100 nm or smaller (Part I). The crystallographic characterisation of these features has been accomplished by using high resolution electron microscopy, convergent beam microdiffraction and laser optical microdiffraction. The orientation variants and habit planes have all been identified and these experimental results can also be deduced from group theory considerations.

Nuclear magnetic double-resonance experiments were performed on a gaseous sample containing a mixture of HD and C${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ at high pressure by observing the spin-spin multiplet in the proton-resonance spectrum and irradiating either the deuteron transitions or some of the proton transitions. The spectra show features arising from spin relaxation in HD. These features are analyzed by using the density-matrix theory of double resonance, assuming "strong"- and "weak"-collision models for the system. The equation of motion of the spin density matrix is exactly of the same form for both collision models, the only distinction coming from the dependence of the correlation times on the transformation properties of the lattice operators and on the quantum numbers characterizing the lattice states. The results of the analysis of HD double-resonance spectra indicate that the collisions in this case are "strong." The cross products between lattice terms which transform identically but belong to two different relaxation mechanisms make significant contributions to some of the correlation functions involved and thereby affect the final results.

Angewandte ChemieVolume 57, Issue 17-20 p. 119-123 Article Die Trennung der Olefin- und Paraffin-Kohlenwasserstoffgase mittels der Olefin-Kupferchlorid-Verbindungen Prof. Dr.-Ing habil. E. Ferber, Prof. Dr.-Ing habil. E. Ferber Institut für chemische Technologie der Techn. Hochschule und Universität BreslauSearch for more papers by this authorL. Anders Dr.-Ing., L. Anders Dr.-Ing. Institut für chemische Technologie der Techn. Hochschule und Universität BreslauSearch for more papers by this author Prof. Dr.-Ing habil. E. Ferber, Prof. Dr.-Ing habil. E. Ferber Institut für chemische Technologie der Techn. Hochschule und Universität BreslauSearch for more papers by this authorL. Anders Dr.-Ing., L. Anders Dr.-Ing. Institut für chemische Technologie der Techn. Hochschule und Universität BreslauSearch for more papers by this author First published: 2. Dezember 1944 https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.19440571704Citations: 3AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionAdd to favorites ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume57, Issue17-202. Dezember 1944Pages 119-123 This is the German version of Angewandte Chemie. Note for articles published since 1962: Do not cite this version alone. Take me to the International Edition version with citable page numbers, DOI, and citation export. We apologize for the inconvenience. RelatedInformation