Trabajo presentado al X Workshop de la Sociedad Espanola de Probioticos y Prebioticos (SEPYP), celebrado en Gran Canaria del 6 al 8 de febrero 2019.

SummaryBackgroundShorter telomeres have been associated with elevated risk for age‐related diseases. However, little is known about the biomarker role of telomere length (TL) for predicting inflammation and glucose alterations.ObjectiveThe objective of this research is to evaluate the association between TL, inflammatory markers and glucose levels after a 2‐month weight‐loss programme in obese adolescents.MethodsTelomere length was measured using a quantitative polymerase chain reaction in 66 obese adolescents aged 12–17 years (51% men) from the EVASYON programme. The adolescents were genotyped for the polymorphism ‐174G/C (rs1800795) in the IL‐6gene, and anthropometric and biochemical markers as well as inflammatory cytokines were analysed.ResultsMultiple‐adjusted models showed that longer telomeres at baseline were associated with a higher reduction in glucose (B = −4.08, 95% confidence interval: −6.66 to −1.50) and IL‐6 (B = −1.03, 95% confidence interval: −2.01 to −0.05) serum levels after 2 months of the weight‐loss treatment. The ‐174G/C polymorphism modulated the association between basal TL and changes in IL‐6 (P interaction = 0.029). Thus, subjects with the GG + GC genotype and with longer telomeres showed a higher decrease in IL‐6 levels than CC homozygotes.ConclusionLonger telomeres are associated with an improvement in glucose tolerance and inflammation after a weight‐loss programme in obese adolescents. Moreover, the ‐174G/C polymorphism may influence the relationship between TL and IL‐6 changes.

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O. Hernández, L. Marı́n, L. E. Dı́az, G. Baccan, S. Gómez-Martı́nez, A. Marcos and M. De La Fuente Department of Physiology. Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Department of Metabolism and Nutrition. Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain and Institute of Health Sciences (Federal University of Bahia), Salvador, Brazil

There is a close relationship between obesity and the immune system. Obese individuals have been shown to present higher immune cell counts, mainly of total leukocytes, but also of neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes (1) . The association between leukocyte count and obesity has been observed in children and adolescents as well (2,3) , and it could also occur with other cell types, e.g., T lymphocytes (4) . We have recently found a significant relation between total leukocytes and body mass index (BMI) in a cohort of European adolescents participating in the HELENA-CSS (Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence-Cross-Sectional Study) (unpublished data). For the present work we studied further the relationships between lymphocyte subset counts and body composition and anthropometric measurements in this adolescent cohort. Blood samples were collected after an overnight fast from 1,089 boys and girls (12.5‐17.5 years). After applying exclusion criteria to rule out possible infections, data were analysed from 751 adolescents (47.5% males). The sample was divided into three categories according to tertiles of standardized BMI values. Absolute and relative numbers of total T lymphocytes

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