The 3G30-Advanced, AZUR SPACE's latest qualified solar cell product, provides highest end-of-life efficiencies in space. The cell reaches 27.8% at a fluence of 5 E14 cm(-2) and 26.5% at a fluence of 1 E15 cm(-2) 1 MeV electrons.The cell mass can be reduced to a minimum by substrate thinning, the cell cost can be reduced by implementation of large area configurations and even higher radiation hardness can be achieved by using AZUR's proprietary 3G30-1E16+ design. Various configurations are currently in production.The increasing demand for cells suited for LEO applications, made AZUR to develop a novel upright metamorphic triple junction solar cell with a BOL efficiency of 31% designed for a fluence of 1 E14 cm(-2) 1 MeV electrons. This cell design is already in production.AZUR's next generation product 4G32 comprises an upright metamorphic 4-junction device with 28.5% EOL (1 E15 cm(-2) 1 MeV electrons) efficiency. Hence, the 4G32 even surpasses the EOL efficiency of the lattice-matched 3-junction cell 3G30-Advanced. It utilizes the excess current of the Ge subcell by a metamorphic cell concept and a fourth junction added to the stack. This cell will be qualified by mid-2017.This paper summarizes the results and achievements for various 3G and 4G solar cell products from AZUR SPACE, including radiation hardness and cell formats.
AZUR's latest lattice-matched triple junction space solar cell product has been designed for a high EOL efficiency by focusing the development on radiation hardness right from the beginning. These solar cells named as 3G30-Advanced show an efficiency of 29.5% at BOL and of 28.1% for EOL at 5E14 (1MeV) e-/cm2 (AM0, 1367 W/m2, 28°C). Meanwhile more than 125,000 cells of this cell type have been delivered to customers worldwide. Cell thicknesses of 150 μm, 80μm or even as thin as 20μm are available. Besides the standard size of 8×4 cm2 (with cropped corners) larger sizes such as 8×8cm2 and 12×6 cm2 are also available and provide equal performance. AZUR's next generation product will comprise a metamorphic 4-junction device targeting at 30% efficiency at EOL to be qualified in 2015/16. Furthermore, for arriving at more than 30% EOL efficiency with 4 - 6 junction solar cells in a subsequent step, appropriate lattice-matched 1eV dilute nitride materials, inversely grown solar cells and semiconductor bonded cells are studied in cooperation with external partners.