We present the first results of the search for sub-MeV fermionic dark matter absorbed by electron targets of germanium using the 205.4 kg . day data collected by the CDEX-10 experiment, with the analysis threshold of 160 eVee. No significant dark matter (DM) signals over the background are observed. Results are presented as limits on the cross section of DM-electron interaction. We present new constraints of cross section in the DM range of 0.1-10 keV/c(2) for vector and axial-vector interaction. The upper limit on the cross section is set to be 6.8 x 10(-46) cm(2) for vector interaction, and 2.3 x 10(-46) cm(2) for axial-vector interaction at DM mass of 5 keV/c(2).

We present the first limit on g_Aγ coupling constant using the Bragg-Primakoff conversion based on an exposure of 1107.5 kg days of data from the CDEX-1B experiment at the China Jinping Underground Laboratory. The data are consistent with the null signal hypothesis, and no excess signals are observed. Limits of the coupling g_Aγ<2.08×10^-9 GeV^-1 (95% C.L.) are derived for axions with mass up to 100 eV/c^2. Within the hadronic model of KSVZ, our results exclude axion mass >5.3 eV/c^2 at 95% C.L.

We report the precise measurements of the cross section of e(+) e(-) -> hadrons at center-of-mass energies from 3.645 to 3.871 GeV. We thereby perform the most precise study of the cross sections and find a complex system composed of three resonances of R(3760), R(3780), and R(3810THORN. For the first time, we measure the R(3810) electronic width to be (19.4 +/- 7.4 +/- 12.1) eV. For the R(3760) resonance, we measure the mass to be (3751.9 +/- 3.8 +/- 2.8) MeV/c(2), the total width to be (32.8 +/- 5.8 +/- 8.7) MeV, and the electronic width to be (184 +/- 75 +/- 86)eV. For the R(3780) resonance, we measure its mass to be (3778.7 +/- 0.5 +/- 0.3)MeV/c(2), total width to be (20.3 +/- 0.8 +/- 1.7)MeV, and electronic width to be (265 +/- 67 +/- 83) eV. Forty-seven years ago, the psi(3770) resonance was discovered, and was subsequently interpreted as the 1(3)D(1)-wave dominant state of charmonium. However, our analysis of the total-hadron cross sections indicates that the psi(3770) is not a single state, but a complex system composed of the R(3760), R(3780), and R(3810) resonances. Among these, we interpret the R(3780) is a resonance dominated by the 1(3)D(1) charmonium state.

CDEX-50 is a next-generation project of the China Dark Matter Experiment (CDEX) that aims to search for dark matter using a 50-kg germanium detector array. This paper comprises a thorough summary of the CDEX-50 dark matter experiment, including an investigation of potential background sources and the development of a background model. Based on the baseline model, the projected sensitivity of weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) is also presented. The expected background level within the energy region of interest, set to 2–2.5 keVee, is ∼0.01 counts keVee^-1 kg^-1 day^-1. At 90% confidence level, the expected sensitivity to spin-independent WIMP-nucleon couplings is estimated to reach a cross-section of 5.1 × 10^-45 cm^2 for a WIMP mass of 5 GeV/c^2 with an exposure objective of 150 kg·year and an analysis threshold of 160 eVee. This science goal will correspond to the most sensitive results for WIMPs with a mass of 2.2–8 GeV/c^2.

Recently a dark matter-electron (DM-electron) paradigm has drawn much attention. Models beyond the standard halo model describing DM accelerated by high energy celestial bodies are under intense examination as well. In this Letter, a velocity components analysis (VCA) method dedicated to swift analysis of accelerated DM-electron interactions via semiconductor detectors is proposed and the first HPGe detector-based accelerated DM-electron analysis is realized. Utilizing the method, the first germanium based constraint on sub-GeV solar reflected DM-electron interaction is presented with the 205.4  kg·day dataset from the CDEX-10 experiment. In the heavy mediator scenario, our result excels in the mass range of 5-15  keV/c^{2}, achieving a 3 orders of magnitude improvement comparing with previous semiconductor experiments. In the light mediator scenario, the strongest laboratory constraint for DM lighter than 0.1  MeV/c^{2} is presented. The result proves the feasibility and demonstrates the vast potential of the VCA technique in future accelerated DM-electron analyses with semiconductor detectors.

Magnesium sulphoaluminate (MSA) cement is a new type of inorganic coating for steel substrate with excellent fire retardant performance. In order to make full use of the advantages of MSA cement based coatings, the effect of fly ash on setting time, strength of MSA cement paste coating was studied. The phase compositions of MSA cement hydration products were analyzed by X - ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the addition of fly ash prolongs setting time and increases the strength of MSA cement at 1 day (d) significantly. After adding fly ash, no new hydration products were generated, but it can significantly improve morphology of MSA cement with the compact structure of hydration products.

We report new constraints on light dark matter (DM) boosted by blazars using the 205.4 kg day data from the CDEX-10 experiment located at the China Jinping Underground Laboratory. Two representative blazars, TXS 0506+56 and BL Lacertae are studied. The results derived from TXS 0506+56 exclude DM-nucleon elastic scattering cross sections from 4.6× 10^-33 cm^2 to 1×10^-26 cm^2 for DM masses between 10 keV and 1 GeV, and the results derived from BL Lacertae exclude DM-nucleon elastic scattering cross sections from 2.4× 10^-34 cm^2 to 1×10^-26 cm^2 for the same range of DM masses. The constraints correspond to the best sensitivities among solid-state detector experiments in the sub-MeV mass range.

The DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) is a space-borne high-energy particle detector launched on 17 December 2015. It can observe the $\gamma$-ray sky from $\sim 2$ GeV to 10 TeV with the acceptance at most $1800~\rm cm^2\,sr$. With over 7.5 years of continuous operation, DAMPE has surveyed the whole sky for about 15 times and collected more than 300,000 candidate photon events. In the last few years, the understanding of the payload has been improved and the instrumental response functions have been calibrated with the on-board data. Besides, progresses have been made on the $\gamma$-ray line search, point source detection, diffuse emission analysis, and transient source monitoring. In the talk and this accompanying proceeding, the latest results on these topics are reported.

Gamma rays from HESS J1849−000, a middle-aged TeV pulsar wind nebula (PWN), are observed by the Tibet air shower array and the muon detector array. The detection significance of gamma rays reaches 4.0 σ and 4.4 σ levels above 25 TeV and 100 TeV, respectively, in units of the Gaussian standard deviation σ . The energy spectrum measured between 40 TeV < E < 320 TeV for the first time is described with a simple power-law function of dN / dE = ( 2.86 ± 1.44 ) × 10 − 16 ( E / 40 TeV ) − 2.24 ± 0.41 TeV − 1 cm − 2 s − 1 . The gamma-ray energy spectrum from the sub-TeV ( E < 1 TeV) to sub-PeV (100 TeV < E < 1 PeV) ranges, including the results of previous studies, can be modeled with the leptonic scenario, i.e., inverse Compton scattering by high-energy electrons accelerated by the PWN of PSR J1849−0001. On the other hand, the gamma-ray energy spectrum can also be modeled with the hadronic scenario in which gamma rays are generated from the decay of neutral pions produced by collisions between accelerated cosmic-ray protons and the ambient molecular cloud found in the gamma-ray-emitting region. The cutoff energy of cosmic-ray protons E p,cut is estimated as log 10 ( E p , cut / TeV ) = 3.73 − 0.66 + 2.98 , suggesting that protons are accelerated up to the PeV energy range. Our study thus proposes that HESS J1849−000 should be further investigated as a new candidate as a Galactic PeV cosmic-ray accelerator, or “PeVatron.”

Early OA is subclinical for anatomic change of cartilage, making it difficult for conventional MRI detection. This study is aimed to apply diffusion-relaxation correlation spectrum imaging (DR-CSI) to knee early-stage OA detection. DR-CSI compartment volume fractions VA, VB and VC had correlation with the modified Whole-Organ MR Imaging Scores (WORMS). VC had better ability than VA, VB, VD, T2 and ADC to discriminate early OA patients from healthy controls. The results illustrated that DR-CSI compartment volume fractions may be sensitive indicators for detecting early-stage degeneration in knee articular cartilage.

Eggs are nutritious food that can decompose to emit hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas when stored for a long time. We designed a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensor based on self-assembled silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) to detect endogenous H2S generated in rotten eggs. The Ag NPs were prepared using a reduction method to enhance the Raman signal of the probe molecule, 4-mercaptobenzoic acid. The prepared Ag-NP substrate exhibited an excellent Raman strength enhancement effect, good uniformity, and long-term stability. To explore the possibility of using a SERS platform in H2S gas detection, a quantitative analysis with different H2S concentrations was performed. The results showed a good linear relationship between the Raman intensity at 1073 cm–1 and various H2S concentrations, and the H2S detection limit was as low as 0.03 μM.

Small but significant anisotropic features with amplitudes of similar to 0.1% have been reported in the arrival directions of galactic cosmic rays at TeV energies. In this presentation, we preform the modeling of the TeV cosmic-ray anisotropy outside the heliosphere using experimental data of the Tibet AS gamma experiment based on the idea of Liouville mapping. In the intensity-mapping process, we take into account for the first time the rigidity distribution of cosmic-ray particles observed by the experiment. We also improve the modeling of the cosmic-ray intensity distribution at the outer boundary outside the heliosphere to improve the reduced chi(2) of the fitting. Small structures with angular scales of similar to 10 degrees are indicated in the intensity distribution at the outer boundary.

Cosmic ray muon radiography is a new imaging technique that is being used to investigate the density structure of large objects and the shallow crust. For example, it has been used to investigate magma conduits of active volcanoes, cavities above tunnels and hidden chambers inside pyramids, and has proven to be effective and accurate. However, low cosmic muon flux has limited the development of muon radiography in many engineering applications. In this paper, the potential application of muon radiography to investigate density anomalies in tunnel overburden is discussed. Results show that in a typical 25-meter thick overburden, muon radiography can identify overburden anomalies of 10% in two hours with an inaccuracy probability of 30.8% by lack of enough statistics, and this inaccuracy will reduce to 2.2% if data are collected over a full day. The study also indicates that muon radiography can detect structure density anomalies above 1% with an inaccuracy probability of 2.2%. As a non-destructive, non-invasive and passive imaging method, cosmic ray muon radiography has its great potential in timely monitoring and imaging of overburden structures to discover potential structural defects.

Cross sections of the  112Sn(n,x)111In,  114Sn(n,2n)113Sn,  natSn(n,x)117mSn and  124Sn(n,2n)123gSn reactions have been measured by using the activation technique at 13.6 MeV neutron energy. The neutrons were produced via the  3H(d,n)4He reaction. The present experimental data illustrated satisfactory agreement with most of the available literature data. Experimental data are compared with the corresponding evaluated nuclear data from the ENDF/B-VIII.0, JENDL-4.0/HE, BROND-3.1, CENDL-3.2 and JEFF-3.3 libraries, and the agreement are generally acceptable. Besides, different nuclear level density models have been used for the estimation of the desired excitation functions with TALYS-1.95 code.

AIM: To evaluate a two-compartment model with a normal and an abnormal compartment using hybrid multidimensional (HM) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for detection of early stage degeneration in knee articular cartilage. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty mild osteoarthritis (OA; Kellgren-Lawrence grades [KLGs] 1 and 2), 27 moderate OA (KLG 3), and 23 healthy controls were included in the study. HM imaging using a two-compartment model was used to measure a normal and an abnormal cartilage compartment. The relationship between Vnormal and the degree of cartilage degeneration was examined using whole-organ MRI scores (WORMS). Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to detect the ability of Vnormal, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and T2 relaxation time to discriminate healthy controls from early OA. RESULTS: The intra- and interobserver reproducibility for calculated mean Vnormal values and WORMS indicated substantial agreement (intraclass correlation coefficient and weighted kappa >0.8). Overall, Vnormal in all compartments significantly differed among the healthy controls (50 f 5.5%) and mild (41.1 f 5.3%) and moderate OA (36.4 f 8.1%). Mean Vnormal correlated negatively with the degree of OA progression (r = -0.778, p<0.001). Mean Vnormal was characterised by a higher sensitivity (82.5%, 95% confidence interval [CI = 67.2-92.7) and specificity (87%, 95% CI = 66.4-97.2), with a cut-off value of 44.4%, compared to ADC and T2 values or a combination of ADC and T2 to differentiate early OA from healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS: HM-MRI coupled with values of ADC and T2 may provide value for detecting cartilage degeneration at an early stage of OA. (c) 2022 The Royal College of Radiologists. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

We reported on the first detection of the ultra-high-energy diffuse gamma rays from the Galactic plane [1]. The highest energy of the detected gamma rays is estimated to be unprecedentedly high, nearly 1 PeV. It is reasonable to expect that the detected gamma rays are produced by the hadronic interaction between cosmic rays escaping from the most powerful Galactic sources "PeVatrons" and the interstellar gas in the Galaxy. This experimental evidence is an important milestone to solve a long-standing mystery of cosmic-ray origins.

Samaras are interesting tree seeds that automatically rotate around a vertical axis when they fall, and use autorotation as the main technique of lift creation. The induced autorotation is caused by asymmetrical weight distribution and asymmetrical aerodynamics, which does not require any propulsion system. In present work, we established a dual-mass point (DMP) model to theoretically analyze these interesting adaptive flight characteristics of samara. Among them, one mass point for the seed and the other for the leading edge. The DMP model provides theoretical guidance for subsequent falling experiments of samara model.

ROS1 fusions (ROS1+) are enriched in 1-2% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases. SAF-189s is a novel, next-generation ALK/ROS1 inhibitor which overcomes multiple resistance mutations. We explored the efficacy and safety of SAF-189s in phase (Ph) 2 study in patients (pts) with ROS1 fusion NSCLC, with or without ROS1 inhibitor treatment.

HESS J1843-033 is a very high energy gamma-ray source whose origin remains unidentified. This work presents, for the first time, the energy spectrum of gamma rays beyond 100 TeV from the HESS J1 843-03 3 region using the data recorded by the Tibet air shower array and its underground muon detector array. A gamma-ray source with an extension of 0 degrees 34 +/- 0 degrees 12 is successfully detected above 25 TeV at (alpha, delta) = (281 degrees 09 +/- 0 degrees 10, -3 degrees 76 +/- 0 degrees 09) near HESS J1843-033 with a statistical significance of 6.2 sigma, and the source is named TASG J1844-038. The position of TASG J1844-038 is consistent with those of HESS J1843-033, eHWC J1842-035, and LHAASO J1843-0338. The measured gamma-ray energy spectrum in 25 TeV < E < 130 TeV is described with dN/dE = (9.70 +/- 1.89) x 10(-16) (E/40 TeV)(-3.26 +/- 0.30) TeV-1 cm(-2) s(-1), and the spectral fit to the combined spectra of HESS J1843-033, LHAASO J1843-0338, and TASG J1844-038 implies the existence of a cutoff at 49.5 +/- 9.0 TeV. Associations of TASG J1844-038 with SNR G28.6-0.1 and PSR J1844-0346 are also discussed in detail for the first time.

We have built a new hybrid detector system in Tibet, China, in 2014, it consists of the Tibet air-shower array (Tibet-AS), the air-shower core-detector array (YAC) and the underground water-Cherenkov muon-detector array (Tibet-MD). In this paper, the muon multiplicity will be discussed in detail by analyzing the muon components of the secondary particles of extensive air showers (EAS) in the primary energy range of 10$^{14}$ to 10$^{16}$ eV recorded by Tibet-MD array. We have carried out detailed Monte Carlo simulation by using CORSIKA (ver.7.35), which includes QGSJET01c, EPOS-LHC and SIBYLL2.1 hadronic interaction models. The simulated air-shower events are reconstructed with the real detector configuration as the (Tibet-AS+MD) hybrid experiment, and all detector responses are calculated using Geant4 (ver. 9.5). The data observed by the Tibet-AS+MD has been used to study the correlation between the air-shower size (Ne) and the number of muons (Nmuon). Here, we will also report their primary mass sensitivity and the interaction model dependence using our new hybrid experimental result.