Multiple myeloma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia are oncological diseases of the blood, which remain incurable today. The paper proposes a method for classifying blood serum samples from patients with multiple myeloma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia and healthy donors based on the analysis of their spectra in the mid-infrared (IR) range. IR spectra of blood serum were recorded using a Tensor 27 IR Fourier spectrometer in D2O solution. To analyze the obtained spectra in this work, a machine learning algorithm was implemented – the principal component analysis. The use of the principal component analysis made it possible to significantly simplify the representation of the array of spectral data. 45 samples of blood serum were analyzed in the work. As a result of applying this approach, the studied set of samples is divided into three disjoint sets corresponding to blood serum samples of patients with multiple myeloma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia and healthy donors. Thus, the principal component method can be successfully applied to classify blood serum samples of patients with diagnoses of multiple myeloma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The universality of the proposed algorithm allows us to expect that in the future it is possible to apply a similar approach for other oncohematological diseases.

The purpose of this work is to conduct a comparative study of attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy, diffuse-reflection electron spectroscopy and refractometly of the optical characteristics of a series of oil extracts, residues and dry-milled (<0,5 mm) aromatic and medicinal plant materials of different origin and anatomical localisation (roots, grass, flowers). Sunflower oil infusion was carried out in a water bath (90 degrees C) for one hour, followed by storage at room temperature for six months. For the studied series of extracts, the refractometly method allowed the linear dependency of the refractive index and iodine value to be obtained. This indicates that the extraction ability of the oil is determined not only by the fatty acid composition of the triglycerides of the samples, but also by the selectivity of the lipophilic components present in the extractant itself. The obtained data are consistent with the change in the intensity of the characteristic bands (320 nm) in the electronic spectra of extracts, residues and dry raw materials. The individual lipophilicity of oil extracts is confirmed by their IR spectra in the absorption region of C = C-bonds (1653 cm(-1)), valency (3008 cm(-1)) and deformation (722 cm(-1)) vibrations of the CH-groups with a double bond (CH = CH) when compared with the spectra of residues and dry raw materials.

Refractometric analysis is very rapid, accurate and simple method of analysis measuring refractive index of biological liquids such as serum, plasma, spinal fluid, urine. This method can be used for definition total protein and solids concentrations in serum. The value of refractive index depends on all substances in serum including proteins, lipids as well as low molecular weight compounds, for example ions of different metals. Refractometric analysis shows strong correlations between protein concentrations in serum of patients with multiple myeloma and its(serum) refractive index which depends on protein concentration and doesn’t depends on electrolyte disbalance.

In the work were examined IR spectra of serum blood of donor and patient with multiple myeloma. Describes a method of rapid diagnosis of patients with multiple myeloma. It demonstrated its applicability on the basis of the phase trajectories of the optical spectra of donor-patient pairs.

Multiple myeloma (MM) accounts for about 1% of all types of cancers. MM is characterized by the proliferation of a single clone of plasma cells, which may produce and secrete a homogeneous monoclonal immunoglobulin. The monoclonal immunoglobulin is commonly referred to as an M protein. The M protein acts as a serological "tumor" marker that is useful for diagnosis and disease monitoring. The electrophoretic pattern reveals the M-protein in 80% of MM patients as a single peak or localized band. In our study we applied a combination of high-resolution agarose gel protein electrophoresis (PEL), spectroscopic techniques and thermal analysis to identify the key differences in protein composition, protein structure and their thermal behavior for the samples obtained from the serum of MM patients and healthy donors.