The shoot cuttings of Thuja occidentals L.were collected and treated with indole-3-butyric acid (K-IBA) (concentrations 3 000,6 000 and 10 000 mg/L),Water treatment as a control.The rooting rate,average root length,the longest root length and average rooting number were recorded after cutting for 60 days;The endogenous hormones(IAA,GA,ABA,ZT) contents of cuttings of 6 000 mg/L K-IBA and control treatment were detected every 15 days interval.The significant difference was found among the four treatments.K-IBA promoted the rooting of Thuja occidentals L,Among them,6 000 mg/L K-IBA has the best treatment effect,which was significantly higher than that of CK.The rooting rate was 87.78％,the number of rooting was 22.33,the average root length was 12.33 mm,the longest root length was 75.20 mm.Compared with the control,the content of endogenous IAA and GA increased in 6 000 mg/L K-IBA treatment group,while the contents of endogenous ABA and ZT decreased,then promoted the rooting.K-IBA regulates the changes of endogenous hormones IAA,GA,ABA and ZT,and the dynamic changes of endogenous hormones regulate the formation of adventitious roots in the process of rooting.

菌株是丁醇发酵生产的重要因素,优良丁醇菌株的选育及发酵条件优化是提高丁醇产量的有效途径.本研究选取工业上重要的产丁醇菌株——拜氏梭菌Clostridium beijerinckii ATCC 55025为对象,进行紫外诱变,获得了一株丁醇产量高、耐受性强和稳定性好的优良突变株Clostridium beijerinckii U-57,由中国典型培养物保藏中心保存,注册号为CCTCC M 2013208.该突变株发酵产丁醇和总溶剂(丙酮、丁醇、乙醇)分别为6.44g/L、10.57 g/L,较原始菌株分别提高了7.15％、6.98％.采用Plackett-Burman设计以及Box-Behnken响应面设计,对突变株U-57的最佳培养基组分进行了筛选.进一步通过正交实验对突变株U-57的最佳发酵条件进行了优化,发酵得丁醇和总溶剂产量分别为7.85 g/L、12.28 g/L,比优化前分别提高了21.9％、15.3％.研究结果为进一步工业化应用提供了基础.

丁醇作为新一代生物燃料,已经成为世界研究的热点.利用本实验选育的丁醇高产突变株——拜氏梭菌Clostridium beijerinckii U-57,以杨木蒸汽爆破渣为原料发酵产丁醇.结果表明:杨木蒸汽爆破渣糖化液经分步糖化发酵和同步糖化发酵,丁醇产量分别为2.19、1.79 g/L;进而对同步糖化发酵条件进行正交设计优化,优化后同步糖化发酵得到的丁醇和总溶剂产量分别为2.16、3.44 g/L,比之前提高了20.7％、16.7％.该研究首次探讨了杨木纤维发酵产丁醇的工艺条件,为进一步提高产量提供了基础.

As a potential source of liquid fuels, lignocellulosic material is an alternative to plant-derived starch and sugar, which are urgently needed to meet global demands for food. The utilization of wood as feedstock for bioconversion to biobutanol fuel not only could reduce production costs, but also could increase raw material supply. However, little is known about biobutanol fermentation based on lignocellulosic material from wood. In this paper, biobutanol fermentation from poplar wood hydrolysates by Clostridium saccharobutylicum was investigated under three different conditions. The desired biobutanol and ABE yields reached 6.98 and 9.64 g/L, respectively, and 69.8 g biobutanol and 96.4 g ABE per kg of poplar wood were achieved. Fermentation of hydrolysates with no additives and with extra mixed carbon sources to biobutanol was also studied. The predicted results were confirmed: in the former, the production of biobutanol and ABE were 4.88 and 6.63 g/L,respectively; in the latter, the biobutanol and ABE yields reached 7.28 and 10.18 g/L, respectively. The results indicated that poplar wood is a potential renewable raw material suitable for biobutanol production, and that Clostridium saccharobutylicum BAA-117 is a promising biobutanol producer for such conversion.

我国保健酒的发展历史悠久,其具有极高的营养价值和特殊的保健功能,受到了人们的广泛关注.该文主要从保健酒的发展历史、保健功效及酿造工艺等方面进行了论述,并分析了当前保健酒发展存在的问题,提出了相关建议,旨在为我国保健酒事业的发展提供参考.