Traditional methods for teaching Internet-of-things (IoT) in engineering education often lack interactivity and hands-on engagement, limiting skill development. This study explores Augmented Reality (AR) based learning environment as a solution, enabling students to visualize real-time data flows, interact with virtual components, and configure IoT systems in a risk-free setting. Using tools like Unity 3D, Blender, Vuforia SDK, and Arduino IDE, an AR-based framework is developed and tested against traditional methods. The results show increased student engagement, knowledge retention, and skill acquisition, with a System Usability Score of 82.00%. The paper presents the framework's design, usability assessment, and comparative evaluation, highlighting AR's potential to enhance IoT education. It is observed that the proposed AR-based framework improves the skill retention by 36% over the traditional method. Further, the performance comparison of proposed method with traditional method is evaluated in terms of students' engagement, learning speed, and user satisfaction. In the end, the limitations of proposed study are addressed, and the future directions are presented.

The integration of fifth generation (5G) technology into Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) is transforming immersive experiences by addressing latency, bandwidth and scalability challenges. With ultra-low latency, high-speed transmission, and improved network reliability, 5G enhances AR/VR applications in gaming, healthcare, education and industry. This paper evaluates the impact of 5G on AR/VR data transmission. An AR/VR video transmission over a 5G enabled network is considered between a user equipment and two nodes, namely Primary Node and Secondary Node. The paper proposes a transmission method that gurantees maximum resource utilisation for a given delay budget DB and a threshold frame loss ratio flrn. In the end, the comparison with other existing transmission methods are also performed. The paper highlights 5G transformative role in AR/VR driven applications resulting in reduced latency.

A big component of the exhilarating but difficult car-buying process is colour. Buying a vehicle is being changed by AR technology, which gives additional alternatives. This abstract suggests the use of AR to modify automotive hues. Car dealerships utilised booklets and colour swatches to offer consumers what hues to choose. These approaches are restricted and don't effectively reflect a colour on a small automobile. Using AR technology, customers may realistically determine the hue of their desired car. With AR, clients may view a broad array of hues on a tablet, smartphone, or showroom display. In order to more correctly show the automobile type and colour, this technology provides a 360-degree image and simulates real-life illumination. You may rapidly share personalised sets with friends and family, compare alternatives, and adjust the hues. Beyond looks, AR colour customization is available. Find out more about colour availability, upkeep, and market worth. The increased data supports customers in making well-informed selections that correspond with their requirements and preferences. For a more individualised experience, vehicle firms may enable augmented reality colour customization. This technology makes choice easier and minimises regret after a purchase, as it allows consumers to be certain of their options before completing a purchase.

Unreal Engine and Unity stand out as two of the used game engines in today’s gaming landscape. Game developers often find themselves weighing the pros and cons of each seeking the engine, for their projects. Unreal Engine is a favored choice among game creators, known for its developer community and compatibility across platforms and devices. On the hand Unity appeals to developers for its flexibility, scalability and user-friendly interface. Its strong community support and broad platform compatibility make it a top contender, in the game development realm. This article offers an analysis of Unreal Engine and Unity focusing on their features, performance capabilities, user friendliness and community backing.

Arduino electronics and Unity software work together to revolutionize creativity and technology. This partnership breaks down barriers to integrate physical and digital worlds. Developers may now create immersive simulations, dynamic games, and experiential art that blur the lines between reality and virtuality. Use Arduino microcontrollers in Unity's flexible environment to have your works react to real-world inputs, ushering in a new age of interactive storytelling and immersive learning. This combination of hardware and software advances IoT, VR, and educational technologies and encourages creativity and innovation. As the physical and intangible blur, a universe of unlimited possibilities awaits pioneers to explore new frontiers of imagination.

The purpose of this research paper is to explore the impact of augmented reality (AR) technology on the teaching and learning of astronomy in schools. The study also focuses on creating a system model, in the Unity game engine demonstrating its potential for settings. Additionally it examines fields that have embraced AR technology and compares publications. Over the years augmented reality has emerged as a powerful tool, for enhancing education by providing students with more engaging and immersive experiences. We showcase how Unity, a game engine was utilized to construct a system model that allows users to observe and learn about the movements of planets and stars. This innovative development illustrates how AR technology can be leveraged to create resources. The paper also delves into the extensive adoption of AR in various industries. From healthcare to automotive design, AR has significantly transformed how professionals interact with information and data. Finally, the research paper conducts a comparative analysis of related publications in the fields of AR and education. This analysis highlights the evolution of AR technology in the educational sector and its integration into astronomy-related curricula.

This paper explores the transformative impact of Virtual Reality (VR) technology on astronaut training programs. The advancement of VR technology has ushered in a new era in space exploration, enabling astronauts to simulate the complexities of space missions with unprecedented realism. This research leverages a comprehensive literature survey, highlighting the significant developments in VR-based astronaut training, and it investigates the applications and industrial usages of VR for training employees in various sectors, emphasizing its potential to reshape the future of workforce development. The literature survey covers a broad range of sources, from academic studies and NASA publications to industry reports and technological advancements in VR. It begins with a historical overview of astronaut training methods and their limitations, highlighting the need for innovative approaches. Furthermore, this paper explores the broader applications of VR in industrial settings, demonstrating how the principles developed in astronaut training have influenced various industries. It discusses how VR is transforming training processes for professions as diverse as medical surgery, military tactics, aviation, and engineering.

This paper delves into the integration of Augmented Reality (AR) in medical education, reviewing current literature and contrasting traditional learning methods with AR-enhanced approaches. It examines the development and effectiveness of AR-based applications in medical training, focusing on the impacts on skill acquisition, knowledge retention, and practical competency. By analyzing studies, the paper reveals the measurable improvements AR brings to learning outcomes, including enhanced comprehension and engagement. Student surveys further illuminate the value of AR, capturing learners' preferences, challenges, and the perceived benefits in simulated environments. The findings underscore AR's transformative potential in medical education, positioning it as a tool to prepare future healthcare professionals with immersive and hands-on experiences.

In recent years, Unity has become a highly regarded cross-platform game engine. Users will feel completely immersed in it since it includes realistic-sounding music, video, visuals, lighting effects, and physics effects. Unity's vibrant community is responsible for its success. It differs from other gaming engines in that it includes built-in physics and rigid body features. The creation of games, movies, and educational materials all make use of Unity-based programmers and goods. The many Unity scripting languages and interfaces are examined in this article. Furthermore, due to the size of its user base, Unity appears to be one of the most demanding game engines. Also discussed in this article is a Unity-based game.

The goal of the metaverse, which is as popular as the next-generation internet, is to create a fully immersive, hyper-spatiotemporal, and self-sustaining virtual environment for humans to work, play, and socialise in. The full realisation of an immersive, embodied, and interoperable metaverse is still a long way off. The metaverse is unlikely to replace the internet without addressing implementation concerns from the communication, networking, and computation viewpoints, particularly given its current accessibility to billions of people. The Metaverse ultimate goal and structure of Metaverse is discussed in report. Introduction of the metaverse and immersive technologies (AR, VR, and MR), expert reviews, and current developments are mentioned in this article. Then after, Metaverse creators, environment and important layers of the Metaverse are elaborated.

The purpose of the metaverse, a term that refers to the next generation of the internet, is to develop a fully immersive, identity virtual world in which individuals may work, learn, and engage. The purpose of this research is to focus on education in the metaverse. A comparison between learning in the metaverse and traditional learning is explored, as well as the use of structure and technology in the development of the educational system.

Blender is powerful open-source 3D (Three dimensions) graphics software. Its key features are infrastructure modeling, texturing, physics, particle, rendering, animation, imaging, shading, compositing, real-time innovative 3D game development, and 3D animated movie development. It also provides various education videos and documentation for learning the software. Blender is regarded as the most efficient tool, feature rich, and open-source solution for 3D computer graphics by experts and 3D artists. In this article detailed description of Blender software is mentioned along with all the interfaces. This research study is useful for beginners, who are starting their research work in designing of 3D models. Blender has endless technological capabilities.

The combination of robotics and AI is transforming the discipline, leading to extraordinary advances and far-reaching repercussions. This abstract discusses the future of robotics in light of fast AI research, stressing its significant influence on numerous sectors and possible obstacles. AI-powered robots are learning and adapting. Advanced machine learning techniques allow robots to constantly develop, making them effective problem solvers. This autonomy lets robots do difficult tasks in industry, healthcare, agriculture, and exploration. AI-driven autonomous cars will change transportation. AI-powered self-driving vehicles and drones promise safer, more efficient, and environmentally friendly transportation systems. AI-driven robots help surgeons, therapists, and patients. These robots provide tailored therapy and better results. AI-enabled robots may explore dangerous and distant places like space missions and disaster zones. These clever gadgets help scientists comprehend the cosmos by providing crucial data.

The use of a computer-controlled system to monitor and manage various processes household appliances and equipment, such as lights, HVAC systems, security systems, and entertainment systems is known as home automation using PLC (Programmable Logic Controller). PLC technology automates and controls the operation of various house components, including sensors, actuators, and switches, using a set of programmable logic instructions. With the use of this technology, homeowners can access and manage their home appliances remotely from a smartphone, tablet, or computer. Numerous advantages of home automation through PLC include higher comfort, reduced energy use, improved security, and increased convenience. Users may configure schedules, modify settings, and choose which notifications to receive so that the system is tailored to their own needs.

This study intends to provide an overview of the use of Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) technologies in military applications. Military training, situational awareness and decision making can benefit from AR and VR technologies. This study describes various AR and VR applications in the military, including simulators, training systems, and operational support systems and also discusses about the challenges associated with the adoption of AR and VR technologies in the military, such as technical limitations, cost, and security concerns. Finally, this study concludes with a discussion on the future directions of AR and VR technologies in the military field by highlighting potential areas of growth and future research directions.

Electric vehicles (EVs) are quickly establishing themselves as a practical and sustainable transportation option in the face of climate change and the need to cut greenhouse gas emissions. The situation of EVs now and their potential for the future are thoroughly reviewed in this overview. It places a strong emphasis on important factors including improvements in battery technology, benevolent governmental policies, lower manufacturing costs, and the potential integration of renewable energy sources. The automotive sector might be revolutionized by electric cars, which could also improve air quality and lessen dependency on fossil fuels. As EVs' range, charging capacity, and infrastructure advance, they become increasingly useful and attractive to a wider spectrum of consumers. Beyond personal transportation, electric buses, Lorries, and delivery vehicles are becoming more and more common.

In recent years, Unity has become a well-known cross-platform game engine. Users will feel completely immersed in it because it has realistic-sounding music, video, lighting, graphics and physics effects. The success of Unity is a result of its vibrant community. It varies from other gameplay engines in that it has rigid body characteristics and built-in physics. Utilizing coders and products from the Unity platform, instructional materials, movies, and video games are all produced. First-person shooting, or fps, games built on the Unity engine are addressed in this study.

A transforming and immersive method of researching the past is Historical Places using Virtual Reality (VR). Utilizing VR technology, users may travel across time and experience the sights, sounds, and histories of well-known historical landmarks. Users are able to explore virtual surroundings, engage with artifacts, and take in crucial events using VR headgear, controllers, and haptic feedback devices. The boundaries of time and location are transcended by this virtual voyage, enabling a closer connection to and knowledge of our common human heritage. By giving students compelling and customized experiences, the incorporation of VR into educational institutions improves historical learning. There are countless opportunities to experience historical sites in fresh and fascinating ways as VR technology develops

The issue of insufficient parking space in cities can be solved by a smart automobile parking system powered by Arduino. In order to open and close the gates, the system employs DC motors to drive ultrasonic sensors to identify the presence of automobiles in each parking space. Each parking space has LEDs that show its condition and buzzers that sound an alert when a car pulls in or pulls out. The system may be expanded to handle various levels of parking and can even be modified to accommodate different parking lot sizes. The system is ideal for smart parking since it is inexpensive and simple to build thanks to the use of Arduino technology.