Future combat vehicles will implement hybrid energy management systems comprised of complex multivariable non-linear algorithms. In this paper, fuzzy algorithms based on neural networks (NNs) were applied to a hybrid energy management system. In addition, a combination of fuzzy theory and NN computing theory was analyzed in detail. Fuzzy control algorithms were also used to resolve the run mode switch and power distribution issues of energy management systems. Furthermore, the proposed energy management control strategy was validated using MATLAB. The results of the simulation indicated that the proposed control strategy and algorithms could improve the working conditions and adaptability of future combat vehicles.