本文通过对苏丹—南苏丹Muglad盆地盆地结构、构造演化、构造特征、主要圈闭类型、不同类型反向断块圈闭形成机制等研究,深入探讨了Muglad盆地构造对油气成藏的控制作用.研究表明,反向断块圈闭是Muglad盆地最主要的圈闭类型,而主力产油区块1、2、4区主要发育两种类型的反向断块圈闭.一种是古隆起及斜坡区应力调节作用下的反向断块圈闭,该类型反向断块圈闭构造背景相对稳定,加之斜坡或古隆起区有利于油气聚集,是研究区最有利的成藏构造.另一种为凯康槽两侧同沉积断裂带内因中非剪切带走滑扭动作用形成的局部反向断块圈闭,该类型反向断块圈闭受凯康槽边界断裂多期强烈活动影响具有保存难、不易成藏的特点.另外,凯康槽两侧盆地结构及构造演化差异进一步决定了油气平面富集差异.凯康槽东侧Shelungo、Bamboo和Unity隆起带的发育及相对稳定的构造背景为油气富集创造了良好的圈闭和保存条件;而凯康槽西侧不发育类似的隆起带,由西部斜坡和西部断阶带组成.西部斜坡反向断层不发育,西部断阶带多期强烈活动使得凯康槽西侧油气发育程度整体不如东侧.受西部断阶带的多期改造,西部斜坡区具有多层系成藏的特点.

自流注水是一种经济有效的油藏能量补充方式,对于沙漠、海上等淡水资源匮乏地区的油田开发尤为重要.以中东沙漠地区X油田为例,从油层物性、水层物性、油层吸水能力及水层产水能力等角度,分析了油藏自流注水开发需满足的基本条件.在此基础上,利用数值模拟方法研究了自流注水井控制的地层水储量与其供给区域的原油储量之比及自流注水时机等因素对开发效果的影响.结果表明,地层水储量与原油储量之比越大,自流注水开发效果越明显;在油田不能稳产或地层压力衰减到设计水平之前实施自流注水,有利于改善开发效果.

中非Muglad盆地由多个以中生代沉积为主的裂谷凹陷组成，各凹陷分割性强，有独立的构造和沉积体系。通过对Muglad盆地1／2／4区块多个构造层系的地震层位解释及构造演化剖面的制作，分析了构造演化特征、断裂特，正以及油气聚集的父系。研究区发育5条较大的呈NW向展布的同沉积断裂和东部两条呈NNW向延伸的盆地边界断裂，构造格局主要受这两组断裂控制，白垩系构造格局具有继承性。东部构造带受NW和NNW向止断层控制，西部构造带主要受NW向断裂控制；东、西分带明显，具“一隆二凹两斜坡”的特征，南、北成藏具有分区特点，北部主要为AbuGabra（AG）组及Bentiu和Aradeiba组成藏组合，南部以Bentiu和Aradeiba组成藏组合为主。Kaikang凹陷东、西两侧盆地结构及构造演化差异，造成两侧油气丰度的不同。

Muglad Basin formed by a number of rift sags domained by mesozoic sendiment,the sags are relatively independent with separate tectonic systems and sedimentary systems.After seismic horizons interpretation and structure evolution profile mapping at many structural strata at 1/2/4 blocks in Muglad Basin,we analyzed the relationship among structural evolution characteristics,faults features and hydrocarbon accumulation.There are five major contemporaneous faults along NW direction and two boundary faults along NNW direction in the eastern of the study area.The frame of the 1/2/4 blocks structure is controlled by the two groups of faults,and the Cretaceous depressions and uplifts were featured by inheritance.The structural belt is controlled by NNW faults in the east,and controlled by NW faults in the west.The eastern and western structural belts are easily distinguished.The two structural are characterized by the tectonic framework of "one uplift,two sub-depression and two slopes" and have different hydrocarbon accumulation zones in northern and southern.Hydrocarbon is mainly distributed at Abu Gabra(AG)group,Bentiu and Aradeiba group in the northern and at Bentiu & Aradeiba group in the southern.The different hydrocarbon abundance of both sides of the Kaikang depressed was due to the difference basin structrue and tectonic evolution between the east side and the west one.

The fault planes of reverse faults in south-west of Qaidam basin are shovel and the growth indexes are ranging from 1.3 to 2.5,the fault throws become smaller from bottom to top and more and more strong from one side to another laterally, and they are typical synsedimentary compressive-shear faults.The evolution process can be divided into four stages: synsedimentary faulting,folding,sleeping and activating.The active NWW mainly faults control the structural zones and the combination of source rock,reservoir and seal rock.Moreover,the NWW faults connect the source rock and traps effectively.The NS minor faults dominate the evolution of local traps,and determine the petroleum accumulation together with the NWW faults.

The southwest area of Qaidam basin has the most positive reserves and yields in Qinhai oil field at the preseat.Results of exploration and development indicate that formation and evolution and distribution of the north-west orientation and south-north orientation fractures have very important control action of hydrocarbon accumulation in the southwest area of Qaidam basin.On the base of description and analysis of main fractures time-space developmental characteristics,this paper further expound formation mechanism of these two suites of fractures and control action of structure trap,favorable sedimentary facies distribution,process of hydrocarbon migration and accumulation,degree of hydrocarbon preservation and mineral dressing.

Songpan-Ganzi folded belt in Sichuan province of China is a major issue to geoscientists.In recent years,petroleum geologists pay more attention to it because of the discovery of a low velocity-high conductive layer in the deep of this folded belt by seismic depth sounding and gravity-magnetic-electric survey.The research of large igneous rock province-Ermei basalt extrusion-mantle plume shows that Songpan-Ganzi folded belt is a hopeful target for breakthrough of petroleum exploration,and the key issue is how to make well a coupling and optimization among its faults,structures,traps and reservoirs.

The systematic basin analysis and the comprehensive research on petroleum geology have been carried out in Chaidamu Basin in recent years. The results indicate that the petroleum geological conditions and hydrocarbon distribution laws of Chaidamu Basin are possessed of particularity and complexity. They mainly include, the rigid block in the basin has a small scale and the Mesozoic structural deformation is of the features of multiple stage-time and multiple pattern; the subsidence zones migrated intensely and the marginal sedimentary facies zone is narrow, its development being unbalanced, there are many series of hydrocarbon source rocks in the basin but the hydrocarbon-generating sags aren't superposed; the Tertiary basin is very large but the effective hydrocarbon-generating sags are small, the organic matter abundance of hydrocarbon source rocks is low but its conversion rate is high) the factors controlling reservoir formation are numerous and changeable and the tectonic movements in Himalayan epoch had played an important role in reservoir formation) and the burial and successive paleostructural belts in close vicinity to the effective hydrocarbon-generating sags and their circumferential areas, the late new struc tures superposed on paleostructures, the slope belts of the peripheries of the effective hydrocarbon-generating sags, and the stratigraphic-lithologic change zones of the peripheries of ancient arches, are beneficial to reservoir formatioa Some important exploration results have been already achieved in these targets mentioned above.