The Biatora vernalis - and meiocarpa -groups comprise species with pale beige to reddish brown apothecia and 0-, rarely also 1(–3)-septate ascospores. A DNA barcoding approach based on ITS sequences shows that these two groups comprise more species and phylogenetic diversity than previously known. Specimens identified as B. vernalis , the type species of the genus, appear to be paraphyletic with regard to B. chrysantha . In addition, there is a morphologically similar species belonging to the B. meiocarpa -group and tentatively named “ B. orientalis ” in previous publications. Biatora subduplex has for some time been known to comprise specimens from the B. vernalis -, as well as the B. meiocarpa -group. Similar to the situation in B. vernalis , samples from the meiocarpa -clade form several subclades close to B. meiocarpa . Anatomical studies reveal subtle, but recognizable morphological differences between B. subduplex s.str. and the species in the meiocarpa -clade, but not between the subclades. Here, we describe Biatora orientalis as new to science, raise B. meiocarpa var. tacomensis to species rank and provide revised identification keys for the B. vernali s- and B. meiocarpa -groups.

New records of the lichenized fungus Lecanora sublivescens are reported from northern Germany. Here the species was previously known from four, mainly historical, localities and is considered highly endangered. Because of its variability and similarity to other Lecanora species it might however also be underreported. We present an analysis of the taxon's phylogenetic position within Lecanora sensu lato as well as a detailed description of its morphology, ecology and geographic distribution.

Türk, R., Berger, F., Berger, A., Berger, M., Cezanne, R., Dolnik, C., Eichler, M., Gruber, J. P., Grünberg, H., Hafellner, J., Klüssendorf, J., Neumann, P., Otte, V., Schultz, M., Stapper, N., Teuber, D., Thüs, H. & Weber, L. 2022. Lichens and lichenicolous fungi in the UNESCO biosphere park Salzburger Lungau (BLAM-Excursion 2019) – Herzogia 35: 61–104. The list of lichens and lichenicolous fungi determined in the course of the 2019 BLAM excursion to the Lungau biosphere reserve is presented with their substrates. The high number of detected taxa in the nine study areas – 546 lichen taxa and 69 lichenicolous fungi – indicates the importance of the Lungau as a refuge for lichen taxa endangered elsewhere in Europe. Significant lichen localities for amphibian lichens and Verrucariaceae include the rapids of the Lonka River in the Weißpriach Valley and the forefield areas of the Preberkessel. The following species are new to Austria: Ephebe perspinulosa, Lempholemma cladodes, Polyblastidium japonicum agg., Pyrenopsis sanguinea, Scytinium biatorinum, Verrucaria cernaensis, V. hunsrueckensis, V. pallidomurina and the lichenicolous fungus Crittendenia coppinsii. The following species are new to the province of Salzburg: Absconditella sphagnorum, Absconditella trivialis, Bryobilimbia sanguineoatra, Flavoplaca oasis, Lecanora allophana f. sorediata, Lempholemma dispansum, Lepraria borealis, Placynthium tantaleum, Protothelenella xylina, Ramalina europaea, Scutula dedicata, Scytinium subtile, Spilonema revertens, Staurothele fissa, Trapelia corticola, Usnea wasmuthii, Verrucaria alpicola, V. bryoctona, V. foveolata, V. praetermissa, V. umbrinula and Zahlbrucknerella calcarea and the lichenicolous fungi Arthonia digitatae, Didymocyrtis pseudeverniae, Epicladonia simplex, Epithamnolia rangiferinae, Heterocephalacria bachmannii, Lecanora lecanoricola, Lichenostigma cosmopolites, Muellerella atricola, Neoburgoa freyi, Opegrapha lamyi, Pronectria robergei, Raesaenenia huuskonenii, Sclerococcum parasiticum, Skyttea tephromelarum, Sphaerellothecium leratianum, Stigmidium microcarpum, Tremella cetrariicola, T. cladoniae and T. hypogymniae.

The list of lichens and lichenicolous fungi determined in the course of the 2019 BLAM excursion to the Lungau biosphere reserve is presented with their substrates. The high number of detected taxa in the nine study areas - 546 lichen taxa and 69 lichenicolous fungi - indicates the importance of the Lungau as a refuge for lichen taxa endangered elsewhere in Europe. Significant lichen localities for amphibian lichens and Verrucariaceae include the rapids of the Lonka River in the WeiBpriach Valley and the forefield areas of the Preberkessel. The following species are new to Austria: Ephebe perspinulosa, Lempholemma cladodes, Polyblastidium japonicum agg., Pyrenopsis sanguinea, Scytinium biatorinum, Verrucaria cernaensis, V. hunsrueckensis, V. pallidomurina and the lichenicolous fungus Crittendenia coppinsii. The following species are new to the province of Salzburg: Absconditella sphagnorum, Absconditella trivialis, Bryobilimbia sanguineoatra, Flavoplaca oasis, Lecanora allophana f. sorediata, Lempholemma dispansum, Lepraria borealis, Placynthium tantaleum, Protothelenella xylina, Ramalina europaea, Scutula dedicata, Scytinium subtile, Spilonema revertens, Staurothele fissa, Trapelia corticola, Usnea wasmuthii, Verrucaria alpicola, V. bryoctona, V. foveolata, V. praetermissa, V. umbrinula and Zahlbrucknerella calcarea and the lichenicolous fungi Arthonia digitatae, Didymocyrtis pseudeverniae, Epicladonia simplex, Epithamnolia rangiferinae, Heterocephalacria bachmannii, Lecanora lecanoricola, Lichenostigma cosmopolites, Muellerella atricola, Neoburgoa freyi, Opegrapha lamyi, Pronectria robergei, Raesaenenia huuskonenii, Sclerococcum parasiticum, Skyttea tephromelarum, Sphaerellothecium leratianum, Stigmidium microcarpum, Tremella cetrariicola, T. cladoniae and T. hypogymniae.

Abstract: Weber, L., Printzen, Ch., Bässler, C. & Kantelinen, A. 2021. Seven Micarea (Pilocarpaceae) species new to Germany and notes on deficiently known species in the Bavarian Forest. – Herzogia 34: 5 –17. We report new records of 19, predominantly rare, Micarea species, mostly from dead wood in mixed montane forests characterized mainly by Norway spruce, European beech and silver fir in the Bavarian Forest National Park on the German-Czech border. Their ecology and key morphological features are discussed. Micarea contexta, M. fallax, M. melanobola, M. pseudomicrococca, M. pusilla, M. soralifera and M. tomentosa are reported for the first time from Germany. Micarea anterior, M. byssacea, M. elachista, M. laeta, M. micrococca and M. nowakii, in addition to the aforementioned, are reported as new for the Bavarian Forest National Park.