Soil co-contamination by antimony (Sb) and arsenic (As) presents a pressing global environmental challenge, particularly in Sb mining and smelting areas. While current research has primarily focused on evaluating the immobilization effects of various soil amendments, the intrinsic mechanisms by which these amendments differentially regulate microbial community structure and interact with physicochemical factors to achieve Sb and As immobilization remain poorly understood. Through pot experiments, this study systematically compared the remediation strategies and underlying action mechanisms of three types of soil amendments - alkaline (lime), iron-based (polyferric sulfate), and carbon-based (biochar, potassium humate) - applied to Sb/As cocontaminated soil. The results demonstrated that all amendments effectively facilitated the simultaneous immobilization of Sb and As and improved overall soil quality. Iron- and carbon-based amendments significantly reduced the bioavailability of Sb and As in soil (by 7.31%-56.10%) and decreased their bioconcentration factors in plants (by 10%-65%), thereby inhibiting their mobility. Specifically, iron-based amendments drove Sb and As speciation transformation through surface oxidation and precipitation, whereas carbon-based amendments achieved efficient immobilization via synergistic pathways involving chemical stabilization and biostimulation. In contrast, alkaline amendments primarily regulated Sb and As bioavailability by adjusting soil pH. These findings elucidate a coupled strategy of soil microenvironment conditioning and chemical immobilization through which various amendments govern Sb and As dynamics in co-contaminated soils. Among these, potassium humate exhibited significant potential for the effective immobilization of both Sb and As. Random forest model and factor interaction analysis further confirmed that microenvironmental factors such as soil pH, organic matter, available phosphorus, and microbial community, along with their interactions, are key drivers of Sb and As immobilization. This research provides an important theoretical basis for the remediation and management of Sb/As co-contaminated soils and offers significant scientific guidance for ensuring the safe utilization of agricultural land and restoring the ecological functions of mining areas.

Antimony (Sb) is often regarded as a geochemical twin of arsenic (As). However, current understanding is largely based on acidic environments or laboratory simulations, leaving their long-term synergistic/competitive behaviors unclear in widespread, carbonate-buffered neutral deep soil systems. This study collected a rare 10-meter-deep profile from a typical polymetallic mining area. Combining micro-scale spectroscopy (XPS, SEM-EDS) and chemical fractionation (Shiowatana method), we deciphered the vertical migration behaviors of Sb and As. While FeAsS oxidation was observed in surface layers, deeper SEM evidence revealed differential weathering of Pb-Sb-S sulfosalts. Although total Sb reached several thousand mg/kg, XRD confirmed it did not form independent crystalline phases, suggesting its presence in amorphous or adsorbed forms. Despite over 93 % being in the residual fraction, within the dynamic labile pools Sb exhibited pronounced deep migration, whereas As was largely retained in surface horizons. Consequently, risk assessments based solely on total content or As behavior would substantially underestimate the long-term migration threat of Sb to deep soil and groundwater. These findings highlight the necessity for element-specific management and remediation strategies in historical mining areas. This work clarifies the geochemical mechanisms governing As and Sb migration in neutral Technosols, providing a critical basis for accurate risk prediction and tailored remediation.

Antimony(Sb) in soil can be reintroduced into the environment through leaching processes driven by rainfall and surface runoff, raising concerns about secondary pollution. This study examined the release dynamics of Sb in carbonate-rich soils from an Sb smelting area in the karst region of southern China, aiming to elucidate the roles of pH, organic matter (OM), and geological conditions in Sb mobilization. The experiment was conducted under three different pH conditions (4.5, 6.0, and 7.5) and explores the influence of OM on the release behavior of Sb in the soil. Results indicated a characteristic release pattern for Sb in the soil solution, with an initial rapid increase, followed by a sharp decline, and a subsequent rise.The leaching rate of Sb was higher in neutral to weakly alkaline soil compared to acidic soils.The removal of soil OM enhanced Sb release by 3.21-4.09 times, with a significant inhibition rate reaching 50.01-76.86 %. The findings suggested Sb release kinetics followed a triphasic pattern consisting of rapid initial release, mid-term adsorption inhibition, and late-stage secondary release, which elucidated the underlying mechanisms of long-term leaching risks and provided a theoretical foundation for predicting contaminant dispersion. Soil OM effectively reduced Sb mobility through functional group complexation and soil aggregate formation, offering direct evidence for OM-based remediation strategies such as organic amendment applications. Neutral to weakly alkaline conditions (pH 6.0-7.5) significantly enhanced Sb release rates by promoting mineral desorption, indicating elevated contamination risks of Sb in karst region soils. This study emphasizes that priority should be given to increasing OM concentration and regulating pH buffering capacity to suppress Sb activity in karst areas, providing actionable scientific solutions for the remediation and management of Sb-contaminated sites.

China's household dynamics are shifting towards smaller household sizes and lower fertility rates, trends that significantly influence consumption patterns and carbon emissions. This study investigates the discrepancies in household consumption and carbon footprint among different household sizes and structures in China by utilizing an environmentally extended multiregional input-output model and a China's household consumption survey. The results reveal that the per capita household carbon footprint decreases with increasing household size. However, even within households of the same size, the per capita carbon footprint varies among different household structures, with households having fewer children typically generating lower emissions. We also found regional and urban-rural disparities in the household carbon footprint, and these gaps narrow as household size expands. This paper underscores the importance of considering household size and structure when formulating policies aimed at mitigating climate change.

Antimony (Sb) and arsenic (As) released from Sb mining activities accumulate in the soil, resulting in complex co-contamination that threatens agricultural ecosystems, food safety and human health. However, most of the existing studies are based on indoor pot experiments, exploring the remediation of contaminated soil by using a single remediation technology or amendment. Currently, there is a lack of research on the combined application of amendments and phytoremediation technology to the actual Sb-As co-contaminated soil, as well as determining the driving factors affecting the remediation effect. In the present study, a field experiment was conducted in combination with Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) and Random Forest (RF) algorithm to investigate the synergistic effects of four amendments-lime (CA), polyferric sulfate (PFS), biochar (BC), and potassium humate (HA)-along with two plant species, bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L.) and plantain (Plantago asiatica L.), on the remediation of Sband As-co-contaminated soil. Furthermore, the key influencing factors and potential mechanisms underlying the remediation effectiveness were analysis. The results demonstrated that the combined application of amendments and plants increased soil nutrient content, including organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), total potassium (TK) and alkaline nitrogen (AN), while also enhancing soil enzyme activity. Additionally, the combined use of amendments and plants reduced the bioavailable fractions of Sb and As - water-soluble fraction (F1) and surface adsorption fraction (F2) - by 27.17 % and 20.95 %, respectively, while increasing the residual fraction (F5) by 42.45 % and 70.49 %, thereby enhancing Sb and As stabilisation. The integration of SEM and RF models indicated that soil pH, OM, available phosphorus (AP), F1 and F2 are key factors influencing the remediation effectiveness of Sb- and As-co-contaminated soils. As the most active fractions of soil Sb and As, the proportions of F1 and F2 are directly determined to influence the remediation effectiveness. In environments with low pH, high OM, and high AP, Sb and As in the soil are more likely to be immobilized and stabilized, resulting in lower bioavailability. A comprehensive analysis of soil nutrient improvements, enzyme activity and reductions in Sb and As bioavailability revealed that 1 % HA combined with bermudagrass has strong potential for remediating Sb- and As-co-contaminated soils. These findings provide feasible strategies for the ecological restoration of Sb- and As-co-contaminated soil in mining areas and have significant application value in ensuring the safety of agricultural ecosystems. Future research should focus on the evaluation of long-term remediation effects and further explore the remediation mechanisms and influencing factors.

The issue of urban carbon emission efficiency (CEE) has become a critical problem for global sustainable development, particularly in China, where the phenomenon of shrinking cities has emerged after rapid urbanization. Using panel data from 283 Chinese prefecture-level cities (2000–2016), we examine how urban shrinkage affects CEE through both direct and spatial spillover effects. Our findings show that urban shrinkage significantly improves CEE both directly and indirectly; when a city shrinks, it increases the local CEE by 0.0132%, while the contraction of adjacent cities enhances the local CEE by 0.0312%, leading to a total improvement of 0.0445%. However, the overall CEE in shrinking cities remains lower than the nationwide average, with values consistently below 0.5. The main determinants of CEE are GDP per capita and population size, which show significant direct positive effects but opposing regional spillover effects. These findings offer important insights for urban development policies and sustainable city management in the context of population decline.

Heavy metal pollution caused by acid mine drainage (AMD) is a global environmental concern. The processes of migration and transformation of heavy metals carried by AMD are more complicated in karst areas where carbonate rocks are widely distributed. Water, suspended particulate matter (SPM), and sediments are the crucial media in which heavy metals migrate and it is important to elucidate the geochemical behavior of AMD heavy metals in these environments. This study tracked AMD heavy metals from release to migration and transformation in a natural river system in a karst mining area. AMD directly impacted the hydrochemical composition of the karst water environment, but the carbonate rock naturally neutralized the acidity of the AMD. AMD heavy metal concentrations decreased gradually after the tributaries from the mining area entered the main river, with the metals tending to accumulate in SPM and sediments. The forms in which heavy metals were present were influenced by pH and their relative concentrations. Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy of sediments from the mining area suggested that the presence of an iron phase plays an important role in the fate of AMD-derived heavy metals. It is, therefore, necessary to elucidate the mechanisms of iron phase precipitation from sediments in order to control AMD-derived heavy metals in karst mining areas. This study improves our understanding of the geochemical behavior of heavy metals in karst environments and provides direction for the prevention and control of AMD in affected areas.

The urban carbon cycle is an important part of the global carbon cycle. Clarifying the processes and drivers of the urban carbon cycle is essential for achieving urban carbon neutrality. Research on the urban carbon cycle under various industrial characteristics is still insufficient. In this study, four typical Chinese cities are selected and their carbon cycle processes and influencing factors are analysed. Here we propose an urban carbon neutral rate to evaluate the balance between urban carbon input and carbon output. Through Grey correlation analysis, we explore the main influencing factors of urban carbon neutral rate. The results show that the carbon neutral rate of Chinese cities is uneven and polarised. Heavy industrial cities face major challenges in urban carbon neutrality. In addition, the main factors affecting the carbon neutral rate of cities of different industrial types are not the same. The formulation of urban carbon neutral policies and measures should be differentiated and focused according to the industrial characteristics of cities.

Intense human activities have significantly altered landscape structure, affected ecosystem services, and threatened ecological security. However, the spatial coupling relationship between regional ecological security patterns (ESPs) and human activity is still unclear. Taking southwest China as the study area, this study firstly assessed ecosystem service importance (ESI) and then identified ecological sources in conjunction with nature reserves. A minimum cumulative resistance model and circuit theory were used to extract ecological corridors and nodes to construct ESPs, and we further analyzed spatial relationships between ESPs and regional human activity intensity factors. Our results showed that ESI had obvious regional differences, and considering diversity and uniqueness of ecosystem functions, it is crucial for constructing ESPs. The ESPs—195 ecological sources, 490 ecological corridors, 212 ecological pinch points, and 17 barrier points—were important priority areas for ecological protection and restoration and will effectively guide differentiated ecosystem management. Intense human activities had significantly differentiated negative impacts on regional ESPs, and balancing regional ecological protection and economic development can achieve a win–win situation. Our research not only provides a new perspective for constructing ESPs but also provides important practical guidance for maintaining ecological security and landscape sustainability.

Ecological protection and restoration helps reverse the ecological degradation caused by climate change and human activities. Accurately identifying the priority areas for ecological protection and restoration is key to achieving effective differentiated ecosystem management. Taking the Miyun Reservoir Basin as a case study, this study evaluated the spatial patterns of ecosystem service importance, ecosystem stability, and ecosystem quality degradation. Then, this study identified priority areas for ecological protection and restoration and proposed differentiated ecosystem management strategies for different restoration units. The results showed that: (1) the proportions of important and extremely important areas for water conservation, soil conservation, carbon sequestration, and biodiversity conservation increased by 7.55%, 2.51%, 19.54%, and 16.78%, respectively, from 2000-2015, but there were obvious spatial differences among different ecosystem services; (2) the proportion of areas with low ecosystem stability reached 9.06% in 2015, and these sites were concentrated in the northwester and eastern mountainous areas; (3) this study further identified priority areas of 1961.51 km(2) for ecological conservation, and these areas was mainly concentrated in the western mountainous areas and the Miyun Reservoir and its periphery. Additionally, the identified key ecological restoration areas covered an area of 1138.27 km(2). These regions were mainly concentrated in the northeastern mountains and southwestern plain of the study area. This study provides a new perspective for the systematic identification of the priority areas for ecological protection and restoration, and also offer important guidance for implementing differentiated ecosystem management strategies and effectively protecting water resources.

Climate change and human activities have considerably changed the spatial patterns and functional elements of regional habitats. Understanding spatiotemporal changes in habitat quality (HQ) and their potential driving factors is essential for maintaining ecosystem health and protecting biodiversity. To explore the effect of physical and human factors on HQ changes in Southwest China, we firstly analyzed the land-use change intensity (LCI). We then evaluated spatiotemporal changes in HQ based on the InVEST model and explored the spatial heterogeneity of the main driving factors of HQ changes based on a geographical detector and a geographical weighted regression model. The results showed that LCI had obvious spatiotemporal differences, and LCI from low-quality habitat to high-quality habitat (LCI1) was significantly higher than that from high-quality habitat to low-quality habitat (LCI2). The HQ improved steadily in Southwest China in 1990–2015, showing a trend of low–high–low from southeast to northwest. Moreover, there were twelve factors, including aboveground biomass, ecological land area ratio, population density, slope, etc., which had a significant impact on the spatial differences in HQ, and the effects of different factors on HQ had observable spatial heterogeneity. The effect of LCI2 on the spatial difference of HQ was greater than that of LCI1. These results suggested that the current ecosystem protection and management policy had a positive effect on improving HQ. Our study provides an important decision-making reference for sustainable land development and utilization and regional ecological protection and restoration.

Reasonable nitrogen fertilizer application is an important strategy to maintain optimal growth of grasslands, thereby enabling them to better fulfil their ecological functions while reducing environmental pollution caused by high nitrogen fertilizer production and application. Optimizing the ammonium (NH4+):nitrate (NO3-) ratio is a common approach for growth promotion in crops and vegetables, but research on this topic in grass plants has not received sufficient attention. Centipedegrass, which is widely used in landscaping and ecological protection, was used as the experimental material. Different NH4+:NO3- ratios (0: 100, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25, 100:0) were used as the experimental treatments under hydroponic conditions. By monitoring the physiological and morphological changes under each treatment, the appropriate NH4+:NO3- ratio for growth and its underlying mechanism were determined. As the proportion of ammonium increased, the growth showed a “bell-shaped” response, with the maximum biomass and total carbon and nitrogen accumulation achieved with the NH4+:NO3- ratio of 50:50 treatment. Compared with the situation where nitrate was supplied alone, increasing the ammonium proportion increased the whole plant biomass by 93.2%, 139.7%, 59.0%, and 30.5%, the whole plant nitrogen accumulation by 44.9%, 94.6%, 32.8%, and 54.8%, and the whole plant carbon accumulation by 90.4%, 139.9%, 58.7%, and 26.6% in order. As a gateway for nitrogen input, the roots treated with an NH4+:NO3- ratio of 50:50 exhibited the highest ammonium and nitrate uptake rate, which may be related to the maximum total root length, root surface area, average root diameter, root volume, and largest root xylem vessel. As a gateway for carbon input, leaves treated with an NH4+:NO3- ratio of 50:50 exhibited the highest stomatal aperture, stomatal conductance, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, and photosynthetic products. The NH4+:NO3- ratio of 50:50 treatment had the largest stem xylem vessel area. This structure and force caused by transpiration may synergistically facilitate root-to-shoot nutrient translocation. Notably, the change in stomatal opening occurred in the early stage (4 hours) of the NH4+:NO3- ratio treatments, indicating that stomates are structures that are involved in the response to changes in the root NH4+:NO3- ratio. In summary, we recommend 50:50 as the appropriate NH4+:NO3- ratio for the growth of centipedegrass, which not only improves the nitrogen use efficiency but also enhances the carbon sequestration capacity.

To investigate the characteristics of atmospheric volatile organic compound (VOCs) pollution and promote VOCs pollution prevention and control in industrial areas, in December 2020, VOCs samples collected using Summa Canisters at three observation sites were used to study the characteristics of VOCs pollution and source apportionment and to conduct a health risk assessment in large integrated industrial areas and surrounding urban areas in southwest China. The results showed that the mean φ(TVOCs) at site A and site B in an industrial area and at a third urban site were 105.25×10-9, 222.92×10-9, and 82.87×10-9, respectively. Monochloromethane, dichloromethane, acetone, ethanol, and ethane were the species with higher volume fractions at the three sites. Aromatic hydrocarbons and OVOCs had a large contribution to the ozone formation potential (OFP), with a cumulative contribution of more than 50%, and the main reactive species were methyl methacrylate, toluene, p-xylene, and o-xylene; the secondary organic aerosol formation potential (SOAP) of aromatic hydrocarbons contributed more than 80%, with the main active species being toluene, p-xylene, and o-xylene. The results of PMF source analysis showed six main sources of VOCs, in the descending order of the petrochemical industry (21.83%), industrial waste incineration (18.6%), pharmaceutical manufacturing (16.99%), fossil fuel combustion (16.03%), motor vehicle exhaust (14.23%), and chemical manufacturing (12.32%). The mean values of the hazard index (HI) of site A and site B in the industrial area and in the urban site were 0.55, 0.68, and 0.41, respectively, and the mean lifetime cancer risk (LCR) values were 6.71×10-6, 6.72×10-6, and 6.58×10-6, respectively. Both HI and LCR in industrial areas were larger than those in urban areas. The quantitative assessment of risk sources showed that motor vehicle exhaust and fossil fuel combustion contributed relatively high carcinogenic risks.

Dear Editor, R-loops are chromatin structures consisting of an RNA:DNA hybrid and the other single-stranded DNA,which widely exist among genomes from bacteria to higher eukaryotes and participate in a variety of biological processes(Zhou et al.,2022).Currently,a variety of approaches to detect genome-wide R-loops have been developed,and ssDRIP-seq(single-strand DNA ligation-based library preparation from DNA:RNA hybrid immunoprecipitation,followed by sequencing)is one of the widely utilized methods(Xu et al.,2022).

Economic development and environmental conservation are two important challenges for China. A series of initiatives including Eco-province (EP) policies have been taken to achieve sustainable development by the Chinese government. Increasing concerns regarding policy implications on sustainable development have increased attention to the topic. However, the research on the relationship between economic development and pollutant (COD, SO2) emission intensities after the implementation of EP policy remains inadequate. We applied a Time-Varying Difference-in-Differences Model by employing Chinese provincial panel data to quantitatively study the policy effect, and further utilized the Mediating Effect Model to analyze the mechanism. The article generates several findings: (1) The EP policy had overall inhibitory effects on both COD and SO2 emission intensities, and it would reduce the emission intensity by 4.99% and 6.77% on average, respectively. However, there was a five year lag in the policy effect. (2) The policy effect was significant in the western and central provinces with high pollutant emission intensities, but not in the eastern provinces. (3) The primary inhibiting mediating effects of Eco-province policy to lower pollutant emission intensity were increased GDP per capita and inventions.

While silicate has been known to affect metal sorption on mineral surfaces, the mechanisms remain poorly understood. We investigated the effects of silicate on Zn sorption onto Al oxide at pH 7.5 and elucidated the mechanisms using a combination of X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy, Zn stable isotope analysis, and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). XAFS analysis revealed that Zn-Al layered double hydroxide (LDH) precipitates were formed in the absence of silicate or at low Si concentrations (≤0.4 mM), whereas the formation of Zn-Al LDH was inhibited at high silicate concentrations (≥0.64 mM) due to surface-induced Si oligomerization. Significant Zn isotope fractionation (Δ66Znsorbed-aqueous = 0.63 ± 0.03‰) was determined at silicate concentrations ≥0.64 mM, larger than that induced by sorption of Zn on Al oxide (0.47 ± 0.03‰) but closer to that caused by Zn bonding to the surface of Si oxides (0.60-0.94‰), suggesting a presence of Zn-Si bonding environment. STEM showed that the sorbed silicates had a close spatial coupling with γ-Al2O3, indicating that >Si-Zn inner-sphere complexes (">" denotes surface) likely bond to the γ-Al2O3 surface to form >Al-Si-Zn ternary inner-sphere complexes. This study not only demonstrates that dissolved silicate in the natural environment plays an important role in the fate and bioavailability of Zn but also highlights the potential of coupled spectroscopic and isotopic methods in probing complex environmental processes.

The sorption of cadmium (Cd) is one of the most important chemical processes in soil, affecting its fate and mobility in both soil and water and ultimately controlling its bioavailability. In order to fundamentally understand the sorption/desorption of Cd in soil systems, X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (XAFS) has been applied in numerous studies to provide molecular-level information that can be used to characterize the surface adsorption and precipitation reactions that Cd can undergo. This information greatly improves our current knowledge of the possible chemical reactions of Cd in soil. This paper critically reviews the mechanisms of Cd sorption/desorption at the mineral-water interface based on XAFS studies performed over the past twenty years. An introduction to the basic concepts of sorption processes is provided, followed by a detailed interpretation of XAFS theory and experimental data collection and processing, ending finally with a discussion of the atomic/molecular-scale Cd sorption mechanisms that occur at the soil mineral-water interface. Particular emphasis is placed on literature that discusses Cd adsorption and speciation when associated with iron, manganese, and aluminum oxides and aluminosilicate minerals. Multiple sorption mechanisms by which Cd is sorbed by these minerals have been found, spanning from outer-sphere to inner-sphere to surface precipitation, depending on mineral type, surface loading, and pH. In addition, the application of complementary techniques (e.g., Cd-113 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and molecular dynamics simulation) for probing Cd sorption mechanisms is discussed. This review can help to develop appropriate strategies for the environmental remediation of Cd-contaminated soils.

Biochar, a carbon-rich material, has been widely used to adsorb a range of pollutants because of its low cost, large specific surface area (SSA), and high ion exchange capacity. The adsorption capacity of biochar, however, is limited by its small porosity and low content of surface functional groups. Nano-metal oxides have a large SSA and high surface energy but tend to aggregate and passivate because of their fine-grained nature. In combining the positive qualities of both biochar and nano-metal oxides, nano-metal oxide-biochar composites (NMOBCs) have emerged as a group of effective and novel adsorbents. NMOBCs improve the dispersity and stability of nano-metal oxides, rich in adsorption sites and surface functional groups, maximize the adsorption capacity of biochar and nano-metal oxides respectively. Since the adsorption capacity and mechanisms of NMOBCs vary greatly amongst different preparations and application conditions, there is a need for a review of NMOBCs. Herein we firstly summarize the recent methods of preparing NMOBCs, the factors influencing their efficacy in the removal of several pollutants, mechanisms underlying the adsorption of different pollutants, and their potential applications for pollution control. Recommendations and suggestions for future studies on NMOBCs are also proposed.

本文通过吸附平衡和动力学实验方法对Sb(Ⅴ)在锑矿冶炼区周边土壤表面开展吸附行为研究,用常用的等温吸附模型和动力学吸附模型分别对等温吸附曲线和动力学吸附曲线进行拟合.结果 表明:Langmuir与Freundlich模型对荒地土和林地土吸附Sb(Ⅴ)的等温吸附曲线均有较好的拟合效果,拟合系数R2≥0.988.荒地土对Sb(Ⅴ)的吸附能力大于林地土,其吸附量是林地土的2.9±0.2倍,这与Langmuir模型预测的该两种土壤的吸附倍数相当,荒地土表现出强烈吸附Sb(Ⅴ)的能力,尤其在锑浓度较高的体系中更为明显.结合土壤基本理化性质及矿物学特征,认为土壤秸粒、铁矿物和碳酸钙是影响土壤吸附Sb(Ⅴ)的主要因素.有机质对土壤吸附Sb(Ⅴ)有一定促进作用,但这种影响只表现在Sb(Ⅴ)初始浓度低的条件下;而在Sb(Ⅴ)初始浓度高的条件下,有机质对土壤吸附Sb(Ⅴ)的影响不明显.土壤吸附Sb(Ⅴ)的过程分为快速吸附和慢速吸附两个阶段,快速反应发生在70 min以内.初始浓度低(0.01 mmol/L)的条件下,Elovich方程能够很好地拟合荒地土和林地土吸附Sb(Ⅴ)的动态曲线;初始浓度高(2 mmol/L)的条件下,双常数方程对荒地土吸附Sb(Ⅴ)的拟合效果较好,拟一级动力学方程和拟二级动力学方程则适用于拟合林地土吸附Sb(Ⅴ)的过程.