Data pertaining to the performance of F1 oat (Avena spp.) hybrids compared to commercial cultivars or parental lines are limited. Almost all oat heterosis studies have been based on small numbers of space-planted F1 hybrid plants grown from hand-crossed seeds. Space-planted experiments probably do not give realistic estimates of heterosis, since parents and hybrids may not perform as they would in competitive stands. It is likely that heterosis estimates will be somewhat ‘inflated’ in space-planted tests, since environmental constraints to high yield on a per-plant basis are minimised. It also is likely that the relative contribution of various grain-yield components would be very different for space-planted and ‘full-stand’ trials. For example, it is certain that ‘spaced’ plants of winter-type oats produce a much higher number of functional tillers than plants grown in full stands. Hybrids having outstanding tillering capacity might exhibit most of their grain yield heterosis in terms of this yield component in space-planted tests. However in full-stand trials, this yield component likely would be expressed more moderately, and the other yield components might account for a larger proportion of heterosis for grain yield.

Crop ScienceVolume 22, Issue 6 cropsci1982.0011183X002200060047x p. 1259-1259 Registration of Crop Cultivar Registration of Tambar 402 Barley1 (Reg. No. 181) J. H. Gardenhire, J. H. GardenhireSearch for more papers by this authorM. E. McDaniel, M. E. McDanielSearch for more papers by this authorN. A. Tuleen, N. A. Tuleen Professor, Texas A&M Univ. Res. and Ext. Ctr. at Dallas; associate professors, Soil and Crop Sciences Dep., Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX 77843.Search for more papers by this author J. H. Gardenhire, J. H. GardenhireSearch for more papers by this authorM. E. McDaniel, M. E. McDanielSearch for more papers by this authorN. A. Tuleen, N. A. Tuleen Professor, Texas A&M Univ. Res. and Ext. Ctr. at Dallas; associate professors, Soil and Crop Sciences Dep., Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX 77843.Search for more papers by this author First published: 01 November 1982 https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1982.0011183X002200060047xCitations: 3 1 Registered by the Crop Science Society America. Approved for publication as Technical Article 17385 by the Director, Texas Agric. Exp. Stn. AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume22, Issue6November–December 1982Pages 1259-1259 RelatedInformation

Crop ScienceVolume 22, Issue 3 cropsci1982.0011183X002200030080x p. 691-691 Registration of Crop Cultivar Registration of Mit Wheat1 (Reg. No. 659) C. A. Erickson, C. A. EricksonSearch for more papers by this authorE. C. Gilmore, E. C. GilmoreSearch for more papers by this authorM. E. McDaniel, M. E. McDanielSearch for more papers by this authorO. G. Merkle, O. G. MerkleSearch for more papers by this authorLucas Reyes, Lucas Reyes Research Associate, Texas A&M Univ., College Station; resident director of research and professor, Texas Agric. Exp. Stn., Vernon; associate professor, Texas A&M Univ., College Station; research agronomist, USDA-SEA-AR, Stillwater, OK 74074; and research scientist, Texas Agric. Exp. Stn., Corpus Christi, respectively.Search for more papers by this author C. A. Erickson, C. A. EricksonSearch for more papers by this authorE. C. Gilmore, E. C. GilmoreSearch for more papers by this authorM. E. McDaniel, M. E. McDanielSearch for more papers by this authorO. G. Merkle, O. G. MerkleSearch for more papers by this authorLucas Reyes, Lucas Reyes Research Associate, Texas A&M Univ., College Station; resident director of research and professor, Texas Agric. Exp. Stn., Vernon; associate professor, Texas A&M Univ., College Station; research agronomist, USDA-SEA-AR, Stillwater, OK 74074; and research scientist, Texas Agric. Exp. Stn., Corpus Christi, respectively.Search for more papers by this author First published: 01 May 1982 https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1982.0011183X002200030080x 1 Registered by the Crop Sci. Soc. of Am. Contribution of the Texas Agric. Exp. Stn., College Station, TX 77843, and ARS, USDA. AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume22, Issue3May–June 1982Pages 691-691 RelatedInformation

Oat (Avena byzantina C. Koch) cultivars ‘TAM 0‐312’ (Fe‐inefficient and Ca‐efficient) and ‘Coker 227’ (Feefficient) were subjected to Zn and Cu stresses to determine consequent effects on Fe and Ca nutrition in the two cultivars. To induce Zn and Cn stress, the plants were grown in low‐Zn Taunton and Shano soils, and in low‐Cu limed Bladen soil. Under zinc stress, Coker 227 used Fe more efficiently than TAM 0‐312. TAM 0‐312 tops contained 3600 µg/g (dry wt) more Ca than comparable Coker 227 tops and this higher Ca seemed to enhance both Fe‐ and Zn‐deficiency symptoms in TAM 0‐312. Top leaves of Cu‐stressed TAM 0‐312 contained 4300 µg/g (dry wt) more P than comparable Coker 227 leaves. This Cu‐deficiency stress induced accumulation of phosphate seemed to inactivate Ca in TAM 0‐312, causing ‘withertip’ to develop. Coker 227 did not develop ‘withertip’ symptoms. Ca‐efficiency did not alleviate Cu‐inefficiency in TAM 0‐312.

Crop ScienceVolume 14, Issue 1 cropsci1974.0011183X001400010043x p. 128-128 Registration of Crop Cultivars Registration of TAM 0-312 Oats1 (Reg. No. 257) M. E. McDaniel, M. E. McDaniel Associate Professor, Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University.Search for more papers by this author M. E. McDaniel, M. E. McDaniel Associate Professor, Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University.Search for more papers by this author First published: 01 January 1974 https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1974.0011183X001400010043xCitations: 5 1 Registered by the Crop Science Society of America. Contribution from the Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, College Station, TX 77843. AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume14, Issue1January–February 1974Pages 128-128 RelatedInformation

Crop ScienceVolume 14, Issue 1 cropsci1974.0011183X001400010042x p. 127-128 Registration of Crop Cultivars Registration of TAM 0-301 Oats1 (Reg. No. 256) M. E. McDaniel, M. E. McDaniel Associate Professor, Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University.Search for more papers by this author M. E. McDaniel, M. E. McDaniel Associate Professor, Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University.Search for more papers by this author First published: 01 January 1974 https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1974.0011183X001400010042xCitations: 16 1 Registered by the Crop Science Society of America. Contribution from the Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, College Station, TX 77843. AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume14, Issue1January–February 1974Pages 127-128 RelatedInformation

Appreciable graln‐yield heterosis was observed in several close‐planted oat (Avena spp.) hybrids grown at two locations in Texas in 1968. One hybrid surpassed the best pure‐line entry by more than 35% at each location. Heterosis for grain yield generally was greater than that for individual grain‐yield components. The yield component, seeds per panicle, showed the greatest and most consistent heterotic response. In most crosses, heterosis for grain yield was drastically reduced in the F2.

Leaves of an oat (Arena spp.) plant had sectors of tissue both near‐immune and completely susceptible to oat crown rust (Puccinia coronata Cda. var. avenae Frazer & Led.). The sectors followed the longitudinally striate leaf venation, and the line of demarcation between the bands of resistant and susceptible tissue was very distinct. The plant apparently was heterozygous for resistance, which was dominant, and the gene conditioning resistance to crown rust apparently was lost in an initial cell very early in the development of the apical meristem. The effect of the gene conditioning reaction to crown rust in the chimera plant appeared to be completely localized.

Dormancy breaking methods were studied on Avenasterilis seeds. The treatments were: application of alcohol, hot water, low temperature, pure oxygen, thiourea and gibberellic acid. Thiourea treatment with 3 different concentrations (0.25 x 10 M, 0.625 x 10 M, 1.25 x 10 M) had little effect in breaking dormancy. Gibberellic acid treatment applied at 5ppm, 50ppm, 500ppm were effective and maximum germination was obtained with 500ppm. Low temperature treatment at 3 for a week in a refrigerator was also very effective in breaking dormancy. Other treatments were not effective. In all cases, primary seeds germinated significantly better than secondary seeds. Different A. sterilis strains varied significantly in their response to gibberellic acid treatment. Different concentrations of gibberellic acid also gave significantly different responses in breaking dormancy.

Crop ScienceVolume 10, Issue 2 cropsci1970.0011183X001000020032x p. 208-209 Registration of Crop Cultivars Registration of Coronado and Cortez Oats1 (Reg. Nos. 230 and 231) I. M. Atkins, I. M. AtkinsSearch for more papers by this authorM. E. McDaniel, M. E. McDanielSearch for more papers by this authorP. E. Pawlisch, P. E. Pawlisch Professor and Small Grains and Flax Section Leader, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station and formerly Research Agronomist, Crops Research Division, ARS, USDA; Assistant Professor and formerly Assistant Professor, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, College Station, Texas.Search for more papers by this author I. M. Atkins, I. M. AtkinsSearch for more papers by this authorM. E. McDaniel, M. E. McDanielSearch for more papers by this authorP. E. Pawlisch, P. E. Pawlisch Professor and Small Grains and Flax Section Leader, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station and formerly Research Agronomist, Crops Research Division, ARS, USDA; Assistant Professor and formerly Assistant Professor, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, College Station, Texas.Search for more papers by this author First published: 01 March 1970 https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1970.0011183X001000020032xCitations: 1 1 Registered by the Crop Science Society of America. Cooperative investigations of the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station and the Crops Research Division, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Approved for publication as Technical Article No. 7804 by the Director of the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, College Station, Texas 77843. AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume10, Issue2March–April 1970Pages 208-209 RelatedInformation

The Pa4 gene conditioning reaction to barley leaf rust (Puccinia hordei Otth.) in the cultivar ‘Gold’ (Hordeum distichum L. emend. Lam.) was found to be linked with the Mln gene conditioning resistance to powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis D.C.f. sp. hordei Em. Marchal) in the cultivar ‘Cebada Capa’ (H. vulgare L.). The Pa4 locus was found to be 17.0 ± 3.5 crossover units from Mln on chromosome 5.

The effect of deliberate stigma mutilation on seed set of oats (Arena spp.) was investigated. Portions of one or both stigma branches were removed in the three mutilation treatments used in both self‐pollination and approach‐cross experiments. Minor stigma damage had little effect, while more severe damage caused significant reductions in seed set under the conditions of high humidity and moderate temperatures prevailing during these studies. Even in the most severe treatment, in which an entire stigma branch was removed, the seed set on approach crosses averaged 58.7% for 228 mutilated florets, which would be considered “good” by most oat breeders.These results indicate that minor accidental damage to stigmas during emasculation probably has little effect on the success obtained under conditions favorable for hybridization. Other factors such as temperature and humidity undoubtedly are more important.

The approach crossing technique has been used successfully in making oat crosses at Texas A&M University since 1962. Seed set above 60% has been obtained consistently with this method. Approach crosses between field‐grown and greenhouse‐grown plants were made by cutting the stems of the field‐grown male parent and placing the panicles in water. The detached panicles shed pollen normally for 8 to 10 days, and 74% and 71% seed set were obtained on the female parents in 1966 and 1967, respectively. In 1966, some florets were deliberately damaged to determine the effect of mutilation on seed set. Removing the palea or glumes did not appreciably reduce seed set, but seed set was reduced when the pistil was completely exposed by removing the glumes, lemma, and palea.