Health information systems (HISs) are enhancing healthcare efficiency, but their adoption is slow due to various complex factors. Analysing concerns about HIS adoption from a first-person perspective yields a more nuanced, layered understanding of the underlying reasons. The research utilises the stages of concern (SoC) framework from the Concern-Based Adoption Model (CBAM) to explore individual perceptions and concerns about HIS adoption. The study employs a qualitative abductive research approach, using interviews with 25 healthcare practitioners to analyse the complexities of HIS adoption. The analysis reveals a spectrum of concerns aligned with stages of awareness, information, personal, operational–strategic–stakeholder management, consequences, collaboration, and refocusing. The major impediments to HIS implementation include individuals’ doubts about their personal capability, potential disruptions to existing workflows, and the absence of post-implementation evaluations. The findings highlight the need to consider diverse perspectives to ensure successful technology integration in healthcare.

The rise of Industry 5.0 (I5.0)—with human-centricity as its defining pillar, complemented by sustainability and resilience—coincides with an unprecedented moment in workforce history: the simultaneous presence of four generations, including the emerging Generation Z. Human-centricity in this paradigm emphasizes well-being, purpose, and meaningful work as critical elements in reconfiguring organizations. Despite its centrality, there is still limited scholarly understanding of how generational motivations align or diverge in shaping this human-centered future of work. This study addresses that gap by exploring work-related motivators across Baby Boomers, Generation X, Y, and Z, aiming to inform foresight-driven organizational strategies. Using an inductive, two-phase approach—a Generation Z-focused workshop followed by a global multigenerational survey—we applied Correspondence Analysis to map value clusters among the generations. Findings reveal that Gen Y and Z converge on priorities like work-life balance, career development, and non-monetary incentives, while Gen X shares Z’s sense of purpose, albeit with more organizational and societal framing. Baby Boomers diverge most, valuing stability, creativity, and structured environments. Theoretically, the study contributes to futures scholarship by conceptualizing generational values as foresight variables—early signals of paradigm shifts in leadership, purpose, and motivation that reinforce and extend the human-centric vision of I5.0. Practically, we offer recommendations for designing inclusive, foresight-informed HR strategies that leverage generational diversity as a foundation for socially just and future-resilient organizations.

Lean is widely regarded as a strategic management approach to increase competitiveness by systematically eliminating waste through the active involvement of employees. Nevertheless, during low-probability, high-impact disruptive events, many organizations utilizing Lean face severe negative implications, which raise doubts about Lean's effectiveness. This article aims to discuss how Lean impacts organizational resilience based on the concepts proposed by Biringer et al. (2013), who defined resilience capability through three categories: absorptive capability, adaptive capability, and restorative capability. Extensive debates among the authors and a narrative literature review were conducted, allowing for a deeper discussion and the formulation of research propositions. By discriminating the effects of Lean adoption across different capabilities, we can disentangle the Lean-resilience relationship. Overall, we argue that organizations with higher levels of Lean implementation may be able to adapt and restore more easily from severe disruptive events than organizations with lower implementation levels. In turn, organizations with lower levels of Lean implementation might present greater organizational slack that favors the absorption of the implications caused by such disruptions, which is less expected in high-Lean organizations. Our study disentangles the inherent paradox or tension in the relationship between Lean and resilience, showing that a time dimension is introduced by the different capabilities that explain the differing impacts of Lean. This leads to opportunities for further investigation of Lean and organizational resilience.

Clinically deteriorating patients require timely care to prevent harm. This study examines how a responsive team delivers resilient care via the Rapid Response System (RRS) by analysing the four resilience potentials (anticipating, monitoring, responding, and learning). Using an integrated Systems Thinking for Everyday Work (STEW) and Functional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM) approach, we investigated functional interdependencies and sensemaking through documentary analysis, non-participant observations, and semi-structured interviews. Three system conditions (limitations in clinical tools, misalignment between technology and user needs, and resource constraints) shaped how resilient performance addressed coordination and communication challenges to maintain patient flow and safety. Unique to responsive teams, awareness of operational boundaries and experience influenced how adaptations unfolded across system levels. While some adaptations supported safe care, others led to non-value-added activities. The findings show how resilience potentials and hidden adaptations can inform leading safety indicators and system improvement through a human factors and design perspective.

PurposeUsing absorptive capacity theory, we explore the factors affecting the adoption of Industry 4.0 technology in daily operations and examine how leadership enhances absorptive capacity through social integration mechanisms (SIMs).Design/methodology/approachTo follow the implementation of a connected worker programme (a type of Industry 4.0 technology) between 2023 and 2025, a single embedded case design was used within four factories of a large multinational firm. The reflective R-TEAM approach included meetings with senior management, key informant interviews, qualitative surveys and group interviews.FindingsThe factories showed a shift in absorptive capacity capabilities. Initially, top managers used transformational leadership to learn about and initiate the connected worker programme. As organisational transformation and programme exploitation proved difficult, middle managers and frontline leaders adopted instrumental leadership behaviours. These leaders created three SIMs: learning from app usage, co-development and feedback and training. This improved the factories' ability to adopt the programme, with headquarters aspiring to build a comprehensive ecosystem for data-driven decision making at all levels.Originality/valueOur study expands absorptive capacity theory by exploring how SIMs affect realised absorptive capacity and its drivers. It also incorporates transformational and instrumental leadership at various levels to explain improvements in SIMs and organisation's absorptive capacity. We draw a conceptual model for Industry 4.0 technology adoption to guide future research.

Operations and Supply Chain Management (OSCM) has continually evolved, incorporating a broad array of strategies, frameworks, and technologies to address complex challenges across industries. This encyclopedic article provides a comprehensive overview of contemporary strategies, tools, methods, principles, and best practices that define the field's cutting-edge advancements. It also explores the diverse environments where OSCM principles have been effectively implemented. The article is meant to be read in a nonlinear fashion. It should be used as a point of reference or first-port-of-call for a diverse pool of readers: academics, researchers, students, and practitioners.

Purpose This study aims to examine how digital platforms enable orchestration across circular food supply network ecosystems to support food waste reduction. Focusing on ecosystem-level coordination rather than individual firms or dyadic relationships, the study explores how digital platforms facilitate the orchestration of actors, resources and circular practices across interconnected organisations. Design/methodology/approach An embedded single-case study of a UK food supply network ecosystem was studied. The ecosystem comprised six embedded sub-cases involving 27 organisations across hospitality and food service, food technology, food supply, food charities, food upcycling and recycling and policy influencers. Semi-structured interviews and secondary data were analysed. Findings The study highlights how digital platforms enable circular food waste reduction through orchestration across supply network ecosystem partners. The findings reveal three interconnected mechanisms of digital platform orchestration: digital coordination, capability redistribution and legitimacy alignment, which collectively enable actors to synchronise actions, share capabilities and institutionalise circular practices across the ecosystem. Originality/value This empirical study enriches the supply chain literature by extending the focus on circular food waste reduction from a firm-level capability perspective to an ecosystem-level orchestration process. The findings reveal three recursive mechanisms of digital platform orchestration – digital coordination, capability redistribution and legitimacy alignment – that explain how interconnected actors collectively enable and institutionalise circular practices across food supply network ecosystems.

Acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) is a major public health concern in India, especially in Muzaffarpur, Bihar, as outbreaks of this neurological disorder have brought on significant morbidity and mortality. It is usually characterized by sudden fever, seizures, confusion, and altered mental status in children along with infectious agents, environmental factors, and malnutrition. It is evident during litchi harvest (April-June), affecting malnourished children from poor families. Among 622 AES cases from May till July 2019; a significant majority were found to have higher mortality and morbidity indices among female Scheduled Caste children. Access barriers in the social and cultural context delayed health care in the event of morbidity. Earlier speculation about associating litchi intake was set aside as most of affected children stayed far from orchards. Clinically, it manifests with fever starting suddenly associated with seizures, altered sensorium, hypoglycemia, hyponatremia, and elevated biomarkers CPK, LDH, and ammonia. High humidity and inadequate mosquito net use are linked. However, these observational studies could not show laboratory evidence of vectors of Japanese encephalitis. Priorities in action include strengthening surveillance, nutrition, education, and better health care access.

Industry 5.0 advances sustainable development through human-machine collaboration and personalised manufacturing. The increase in intelligent industrial equipment creates data scalability challenges for human workers who face difficulties in making decisions based on relevant data sources. Advanced interactive AI systems, capable of integrating diverse data sources and delivering real-time, context-aware insights, present promising solutions to the challenges of the industrial environment. This research introduces a retrieval-augmented generation (RAG)-enhanced Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) chatbot to address these challenges. The system integrates a variety of information sources, including government reports, news websites, academic studies, and industry reports. This industry 5.0 chatbot aims to offer users extensive knowledge of the industrial sector through a Question-and-Answer interface. It provides relevant and accurate information through intuitive, context-aware interactions to reduce cognitive load for users, which improves decision-making efficiency and user experience. Through experimental evaluation, the RAG-enhanced GenAI chatbot significantly improves accuracy, relevance and user satisfaction, outperforming models like ChatGPT-4o. This system presents an innovative practical solution to tackle Industry 5.0 core issues particularly in enhancing human-machine collaboration and decision-making efficiency. This research contributes to the theoretical and practical development of RAG-enhanced AI systems, laying a foundation for future investigations of industrial AI interaction.

As Generation Z enters the job market, it is crucial for managers to understand how to foster their commitment, especially in the face of challenges like the Great Resignation and the Quiet Quitting. These challenges jeopardize organizational knowledge, innovation, and competitive advantage. In this way, this paper aims to identify the most effective leadership model for managing, engaging, and retaining Generation Z. The study adopts an abductive methodology, combining a systematic literature review on empirical studies about leadership styles that foster engagement with insights from a focus group of 13 manufacturing professionals across different countries. This article enhances the scientific literature with a leadership model tailored to the context of Industry 5.0, Generation Z and manufacturing organizations. Dubbed the NextGen 5.0 Leadership Model, it is built on three core pillars: a growth mindset, emotional intelligence, and a triple purpose.

The rubella virus (RUV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and herpes simplex virus (HSV) cause mild illness in immune-competent individuals, pregnant women, and fetus/newborns. The study estimated the prevalence of RUV, CMV, and HSV infection based on IgM antibody levels, and also investigated the association of seasonal variation.

This paper presents an integrated approach that combines Lean principles with Industry 4.0 (I4.0) technologies, exploring how Lean tools intersect with and adapt to digital advancements. Using an inductive grounded theory methodology, qualitative data were gathered from 22 in-depth interviews with 15 large Italian manufacturing companies that have mature Lean practices. Seven key categories emerged from the analysis. The findings reveal the importance of leadership, raising awareness, and developing employee skills to navigate digital transformation, while addressing concerns during this process. The study highlights how some Lean tools were modified or replaced with I4.0 technologies, enhancing employees' autonomy and predictive capabilities. It also identifies a redefinition of kaizen activities, with opportunities to leverage analytics and AI in continuous improvement initiatives. These insights fill a gap in the literature by offering evidence and practical guidelines for integrating Lean and I4.0. The research further dispels the misconception that Lean merely serves as a starting point for digital transformation, arguing that the sequence of integration depends on the specific context.

Lean approaches and Industry 4.0 (I4.0) offer a wide horizon of possibilities for improving production management efficiency. This study aims to analyse the state of lean I4.0 (LI4.0) in Spain's SMEs and compare it to the international context, i.e. other European countries and outside Europe. It analyses seven different aspects (departments involved, implementation maturity, motivations, maturity assessments and roadmap, enablers and challenges, people skills and competences, and institutional support) by a qualitative 29-question open-ended survey, answered by 179 Spanish SMEs, 123 from other European countries and 80 global companies, all from the secondary sector with fewer than 250 employees. The main findings highlight the need for context-specific approaches for LI4.0 adoption, noting that Spain's approach differs from broader European and global trends by implementing lean and I4.0 simultaneously. Key enablers include employee commitment and a stronger focus on market needs. Increased government support could enhance adoption in Spain, while global efforts seek to address post-implementation knowledge gaps and integration support. These outcomes can provide SMEs with future research and effective support in their search for efficiency through LI4.0, and also guide third-party support agencies, particularly national and regional governmental bodies.

This paper provides an insight into the global state of Lean Industry 4.0 (LI4) with over 1,000 industry responses. The approach employs a rigorous qualitative open-response survey. Our findings indicate that there was no unified industry perspective of LI4 terminology. The evolution of I4 is taking a similar path to Lean and making the same mistakes by not focusing on leadership, engagement, competencies, and behaviours. Past academic research has perhaps over-emphasised the environment and supply chain. The benefits of LI4 application are largely in terms of efficiency, cost reduction, learning and engagement. This work contributes by highlighting research avenues: why a piecemeal approach has been taken by industry to LI4, why LI4 has not been more widespread, and more detailed studies around contingent factors). It also provides industry with lessons on how to implement LI4 and the mistakes to avoid such as seeing implementation as a purely technical exercise.

Implementing Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in the healthcare sector faces several barriers, and the pace of adoption may vary depending on several factors, including individual attributes such as competence and experience, along with contextual factors such as size, type, and location of the organization. We conducted a global survey involving healthcare professionals (n =204) to understand the role of various determinants in adopting ICTs and their implications for organizational performance. Data was analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) and multiple regression for micro-level constructs. Findings indicate that while individual attributes positively influence organizational performance, the direct impact of ICT adoption on performance is limited. While front-end technologies enhance performance, base technologies may occasionally hinder it. This stresses the necessity of thoroughly assessing specific technology applications to ensure they operate effectively. Furthermore, the relationships between competence and experience in ICT adoption were not statistically significant, indicating that individual attributes may have less influence on ICT adoption; this implies that technological advancements typically occur through management decisions in collaboration with the relevant IT department, emphasizing the importance of increased user participation and the process of adoption and effective use, which are distinct aspects while evaluating individual aspects. Future research should focus on detailed and specific applications of technology and nuanced, long-term performance outcomes.

Biomass waste management relies on enzymes to catalyze chemical reactions that turn waste into usable goods. Enzymes can convert biomass waste polysaccharides, proteins, and lipids into glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids. Simpler chemicals can be energy sources or building blocks. They can transform biomass waste cellulose into glucose and, eventually, ethanol. Enzymes can transform proteins and lipids into bio-solids for various uses. Enzymes can also break down lignin, a complex polymer in plant biomass, producing aromatic chemicals for numerous benefits. Enzymes are used in biodegradation, biofuel production, bioremediation, pulping, and animal feed. Microbial enzymatic processes break down organic materials in biodegradation. This procedure decomposes food waste and yard clippings into compost or fertilizer. Enzymes accelerate organic waste breakdown. Biomass is converted into biofuel. Enzymes convert biomass into sugars for biofuels. This trash management method could cut fossil fuel use. Microorganisms degrade contaminants in bioremediation. They also speed up this process, making pollution removal more efficient, and turn woody resources into pulp for papermaking in pulping. This approach reduces wood waste in landfills and paper production energy and materials. Finally, enzymes can make animal feed. They can improve animal feed digestibility and nutrient utilization. Animal health and growth may improve. In this work, we examine the possibility of developing additional enzymatic processes to support sustainable waste management practices and review the existing state of knowledge on the application of enzymes in biomass waste management.

Congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) is a major concern in India and highlights the multifaceted challenges posed by the Zika virus (ZIKV). The alarming increase in CZS cases in India, a condition that has serious effects on both public health and newborns, has raised concerns. This review highlights the importance of raising concern and awareness and taking preventive measures by studying the epidemiology, clinical symptoms, and potential long-term consequences of CZS. The review also contributes to worldwide research and information sharing to improve the understanding and prevention of CZS. As India deals with the changing nature of CZS, this thorough review is an important tool for policymakers, health workers, and researchers to understand what is happening now, plan for what to do in the future, and work together as a team, using medical knowledge, community involvement, and study projects to protect newborns’ health and reduce the public health impact of these syndromes.

Microbial keratitis is a serious disease of the cornea that poses a major risk to the health and vision of people all over the world. It is caused by various microbial invaders, including bacteria, fungi and viruses, making it difficult to diagnose and treat. Combating microbial keratitis requires understanding the intricate web of immune responses and pathogenic pathways that cause the infection. To develop innovative strategies to treat the disease and improve patient survival, we need to understand how the immune system works, how hosts and infections interact and how complicated the pathophysiology is. Looking to the future, we are on the cusp of a transformative era in treating microbial keratitis. Innovations in therapeutic technology, such as targeted antimicrobial drugs, immunomodulatory therapies and precision medicine techniques, are set to revolutionise the field. These advancements will enable customised treatments for specific microbiological causes and patient characteristics. Integrating molecular biology, imaging and artificial intelligence into novel diagnostic techniques will enhance early diagnosis and personalised treatment programmes, leading to better clinical outcomes and reduced ocular morbidity. Collaboration between clinicians, researchers, and industry representatives is critical to accelerating the translation of scientific knowledge into clinical practice. Improving patient care, increasing treatment efficacy and saving eyesight are the goals for the future of microbial keratitis treatment.

species, a subgroup of Actinomycetes bacteria, have been analysed for their antiviral properties. These bioactive secondary metabolites, which have a broad spectrum of chemical structures and strong biological activity, offer a promising opportunity for new antiviral therapeutics against various viral infections. These metabolites target different stages of viral replication or interactions with host cells, making them important for biological research and pharmaceutical development. bacteria contain numerous antiviral mechanisms that inhibit viral infections at different stages of the viral life cycle. and other actinomycetes can improve the health of people with viruses, and recent research suggests that combining with other bacterial species could improve overall health and regulate infections. This emphasises the importance of comprehensive approaches to combating viral infections and research into natural products. Further research into multispecies combinations of and other bacterial species is needed to fully utilise their therapeutic potential against viral diseases.

Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a mosquito-borne disease that causes neuronal damage and inflammation of microglia, and in severe cases, it can be fatal. JE infection can resist cellular immune responses and survive in host cells. Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infects macrophages and peripheral blood lymphocytes. In addition to regulating biological signaling pathways, microRNAs in cells also influence virus-host interactions. Under certain circumstances, viruses can change microRNA production. These changes affect the replication and spread of the virus. Host miRNAs can contain viral pathogenicity by downregulating the antiviral immune response pathways. Simultaneous profiling of miRNA and messenger RNA (mRNA) could help us detect pathogenic factors, and dual RNA detection is possible. This work highlights important miRNAs involved in human JE infection. In this study, we have shown the important miRNAs that play significant roles in JEV infection. We found that during JEV infection, miRNA-155, miRNA-29b, miRNA-15b, miRNA-146a, miRNA-125b-5p, miRNA-30la, miRNA-19b-3p, and miRNA-124, cause upregulation of human genes whereas miRNA-432, miRNA-370, miRNA- 33a-5p, and miRNA-466d-3p are responsible for downregulation of human genes respectively. Further, these miRNAs are also responsible for the inflammatory effects. Although several other miRNAs critical to the JEV life cycle are yet unknown, there is currently no evidence for the role of miRNAs in persistence.