An intense research and development effort in wide bandgap (E g ) semiconductors has been motivated by the need for lightweight, handheld, portable nuclear radiation spectrometer systems capable of operating at room temperature. This chapter reviews the materials requirements and the state of the art, particularly in HgI 2 and cadmium–tellurium (CdTe). The chapter discusses the comparison with the technology of other materials such as Cd 1- x Zn x Te with x = 0.10 to 0.20. It considers the technological steps required to produce HgI 2 detectors and examines the types of defects each step introduces in the material. The chapter summarizes the remaining problems facing the HgI 2 detectors. The analogous issues for CdTe and other candidate materials and present the technological problems associated with these materials are also considered. The chapter discusses the Purification precursor and growth of Cdte and Cd, Zn, and Te.

One-dimensional (1D) semiconductor nanostructures have been attracting a great deal of attention because of their excellent electronic and optoelectronic performance. Zinc sulfide (ZnS) nanostructures have attracted increasing attention because of their potential application in both conditional optical devices and new generation of green nanostructure semiconductors because of their special structure-related physical and chemical properties. Synthetic form of ZnS can be transparent, and it is used as a window for visible optics, infrared optics, and functional materials. In this chapter, the detailed studies of synthesis, characterization of crystals, and noncrystalline behavior is reported. The crystal structure of semiconductor and its morphological studies are compared and fabrication methods will be described. The major parameters that influence on ZnS doped with metal ions and rare earth ions and its optoelectronic properties will be carefully analyzed. In addition, the primary application of ZnS micro- and nanocrystals will be described. At the end, the predicted future applications and development directions of doped and undoped ZnS nanocrystals will be given.

The present review describes the preparation of thin films of high temperature superconducting (HTSC) compounds such as YBaCuO, BiSrCaCuO and TlBaCaCuO using both physical and chemical transport methods on various substrates and buffer layers. Physical transport methods reviewed are MBE, laser ablation, electron beam evaporation and magnetron sputtering, whereas the chemical methods are mainly OMCVD and spray pyrolysis. The critical superconducting temperatures (T(c)) and spray pyrolysis. The critical superconducting temperatures (T(c)) and currents (J(c)) are given for each HTSC compound and its substrate. Results obtained by the author's laboratory on laser ablation and OMCVD aof YBaCuO and OMCVD and spray pyrolysis of YBaCuO and BiSrCaCuO are also presented. The advantages and disadvantages are discussed for each of the HTSC compounds, the substrates, and the physical or chemical deposition methods. The status of possible applications is briefly mentioned as well as some present and future trends in research.

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDefluorination of wagnerite coproduced with magnesium phosphate fertilizerNechama Faibis, Michael Schieber, and Wolf SinianskyCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1973, 21, 6, 1102–1106Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60190a043https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60190a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views36Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts

A homogeneous magnetic fiels H increases both the isothermal rates of dissolution and growth R of a paramagnetic seed crystal Fe(NH4)2(SO4)2 · 6H2O(I) in isothermal experiments. The magnitude of the increasement of R at 140 kOe and 292 ±0.05 °K is equivalent to the effect produced by a change of temperature of about 1 °K. For similar conditions the diamagnetic AlK-(SO4)2 · 12H2O(II) seed crystal did not show any measurable magnetic effect. The maximum value of RH of the vectors perpendicular to (001), (110) and (210) is at an angle of about 40–60° relative to H and the field dependence shows a magnetic saturation effect which for (110) perpendicular to H occurs at about 60 kOe. The presence of field gradients of 1 kOe/cm at 84 KOe reduces the increased rate of growth produced by the magnetic field. A similar reduction of the increased rate of growth or dissolution produced by H occurs at high values of supersaturation. The thermodynamic shift of the crystallization temperature produced by H corresponds to 3.5 × 10-2 °K and is too small to explain the observed effect.

The maximum amount of substitution of La, Pr and Nd and the saturation magnetization of La, Pr, Nd, Sm and Eu substitutions in the iron garnets of Lu, Yb, Tm and Er was measured. It was found that in a formula R3-x M x Fe5O12 where R=Lu, Yb, Tm and M=La, Pr or Nd the maximum value of x which can be substituted in the garnets was x=0.50 for La, x=1.50 for Pr (x=1.35 for Pr in Er.I.G.) and x=1.85 for Nd (x=2.00 for Nd in Lu.I.G.). The sign of the magnetic moment of the mixed rare earth ions relative to the net iron magnetization was determined. It was found that Pr3+ or Nd3+ are parallel whereas Eu3+, Er3+, Tm3+ and Yb3+ antiparallel to the net iron magnetization. For Sm3+ a small magnetic moment is guessed and discussed.