Recently, underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) attracted the interest of many researchers and the past three decades have held the rapid progress of underwater acoustic communication. One of the major problems in UWSNs is how to transfer data from the mobile node to the base stations and choosing the optimized route for data transmission. Secure routing in UWSNs is necessary for packet delivery. A few researches have been done on secure routing in UWSNs. In this article, a new secure routing algorithm called Secure Routing Algorithm for Underwater (SRAU) sensor networks is proposed to resist against wormhole and sybil attacks. The results indicate acceptable performance in terms of increasing the packet delivery ratio regarding the wormhole and sybil attacks, increasing network lifetime through balancing the network energy consumption, high detection rates against the attacks, and decreasing the end to end delay.

Background: Porcelain shade selection is very important in dentistry. There are some criteria for selecting the correct shade, but the extent to which these criteria are employed is not clear. The present study aimed to evaluate the performance of general dentists in using the principles of porcelain shade selection in Shiraz in 2012. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 82 general dentists in Shiraz. While the dentists were selecting the shade, we evaluated the use of principles of shade selection (look angle, eye posture, and distance). Then, the data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical software. Results: None of the study dentists used commercial light sources and 52.4% benefited from daylight. Moreover, 53.4%, 57.3%, and 69.5% of the dentists had correct eye posture, correct look angle, and correct distance, respectively. The results showed a significant relationship between working experience and correct shade selection (P=0.03). Conclusion: The results of the present study demonstrated that about half of the general dentists did not follow the principles of shade selection. Thus, dentists’ attention should be attracted to the principles of shade selection. Also, further studies are required to focus on the reasons for not observing these principles.

Background and Objective: The prevalence of behavioral disorders in children with mentally ill parents are higher compared with children of healthy parents. This study was carried out to assess the behavioral disorders in children with major depressive mothers. Materials and Methods: This case – control study was done on 50 children (6-11 years) of mothers with major depressive as case group and 50 children of healthy mothers as controls in Bandar Abbas, Iran drung 2009. With psycological interview, DSM-4-R and Beck tests, deprsion in mother were confirmed. The psycological health of control mothers were confirmed using Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory (MMPI) and questionnaire health general (QHG). The behavior disorders of children in two groups were compared using Achenbach child behavior questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS-17, Chi-Square and student’s t tests. Results: Somatic complains, anxiety and depression, social problems, thought problems, externalization, internalization and antisocial behavior scores, were significantly higher in cases compared to controls (P<0.05). No significant differences in isolation and attention behavior were noticed between cases and controls.

Background: Joint diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis are among common and debilitating disease of the time. Current treatments are limited due to lack of efficacy and high incidence of side effects. Therefore, there is an increasing need for alternative drug treatment strategies specially in the area of medicinal plants. Curcuma amada Roxb. which belongs to the family of zingiberaceae, has been traditionally used for inflammation and arthritic pain in China and India. Very little data is available about efficacy of this plant in controlled studies. Objective: In this study, effect of total extract of Curcuma amada (C.A.) were assessed on inflammation. Methods: Male rats were injected (s.c) with complete freundchr('39')s adjuvant (50 mg/10 cc heat killed and dried mycobacterium tuberculosis, suspended in mineral oil (Arlacel A and light paraffin). Injections were made in the right ankle foot of tibio tarsal joint region. On day 15 following adjuvant administration, animals were treated (i.p) with a 100 mg/kg dose of the extract daily for 15 days. Joint diameter, arthritic Index, body weight, WBC count and ESR were recorded. Results: The data indicated that the extract could significantly (p<0.05) reduce ESR, WBC, joint diameter and arthritic Index of treated animals compared with control animals. Further studies are underway to determine antiarthritic potentials and safety of the extract.

Introduction: Every health organization life depends on its correct coding system. One of the best tools in collecting correct and valid data is to make a clinical coding and procedures. Clinical Coding policy and procedures, in face of personals changes causes stability, and continues the clinical coding and provide a frame for decision making and doing duties . Methods: This research was carried out as a descriptive-comparative study. Information has taken from books, papers, internet, and health care institutes. The coding policies and procedures from United State, England, Canada, and Iran have been reviewed in this research. Due to similarity or differences in specifications, the suggested paradigm for Iran has been prepared. Then the model has been tested by Delphi method in two phases. And after evaluating it, the final model is presented. Results: Data showed that procedures and coding policies have been presented in main six methods including: documentation and coding principles, coding information validating, coding unit structure, coding training, coding communication, and security and privacy of coding. Fourteen methods related to coding policy are covered by clinical coding unit for these six axis. In each of these axis. Certain procedures have been achieved in each mentioned axis. Documentation principle, coding procedures, time frame coding, summarized coding presentations, documentations and coding error investigations, errors corrections and educational sections, employees job situations and numbers of employee that needed employees evaluations, in-services training, conditions that effected job, and tracking reviewing of recording data systems are some important procedures for these six axis. Conclusions: In total the final model for the clinical coding policies and procedures in Iran have more similarities by United State and England and less by Canada. It have been suggested that coding procedure would be evaluated and upgraded annually and have will be published in special magazine. To evaluate the coding information and coding procedures, an investigation committee have been suggested, in which based on their results, some workshops to be settled. Also for collection information from physicians about important cases, a special questioner form would be designed.