Objectives: Despite the importance of food environments in shaping dietary behaviors and diet-related noncommunicable diseases, no standardized and validated method has been used to assess this policy domain in China. This study aimed to benchmark China’s food retail policies against international benchmarking to identify implementation gaps and propose evidence-based strategies for improving food environments. Methods: Using the standardized and validated Healthy Food Environment Policy Index (Food-EPI), we assessed four food retail indicators: restrictive zoning for fast-food outlets (RETAIL 1), healthy food accessibility (RETAIL 2), institutional support systems (RETAIL 3), and food service promotion (RETAIL 4). A multidisciplinary expert panel (n = 13) from academia, public health, and industry conducted structured assessments using a standardized scoring tool (1–5). Scores were converted to implementation percentages and categorized into four levels. Descriptive statistics (frequencies, percentages, and mean ± SD) were summarized. Results: Sixteen food retail policies were analyzed, with 62.5% (n = 10) of provincial policies focusing on fast-food zoning and healthy food access, and 37.5% (n = 6) of national policies targeting government support and healthy food promotion. Regulations comprised 55% (n = 11), mainly addressing zoning and access, while guidelines accounted for 45% (n = 9), primarily promotional. Overall, the food retail domain was rated as low level (2.3 ± 1.1, 45.8% implementation). Among the four indicators, healthy food access in outlets (2.6 ± 1.3, 52.4%) and promotion of healthy food in services (2.5 ± 1.0, 50.8%) were at medium implementation levels. In contrast, local fast-food zoning restrictions (1.7 ± 0.6, 33.8%) and government support for healthy food (2.3 ± 1.1, 46.2%) remained at low levels. Conclusions: China’s food retail policies showed inconsistent implementation levels, with strong provincial execution in accessibility and promotion but weak national coordination in zoning and support systems. To align with the WHO and China’s goals, priorities are unified national frameworks, enforceable standards, equity-focused monitoring, and strengthened multi-sector collaboration.

IntroductionIn recent years, the relationship between circadian rhythm and overweight and obesity has attracted the attention of many scholars.MethodsTo evaluate association between the duration of sleep and the regularity of breakfast and overweight. A total of 1,178 students from Qingdao University were selected by stratified cluster sampling. There were 601 males (24.69 ± 0.80 years old) and 569 females (24.54 ± 0.70 years old). We used body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) to define overweight levels. Chi-square test, Pearson correlation test, and logistic regression were applied to test association among overweight, sleep duration, sleep onset time, and breakfast regularity. Pittsburgh sleep quality index was used to assess the overall sleep quality of the study subjects. Mediation effect and Sobel test were used to analyze the effect of sleep duration on breakfast regularity and overweight.ResultsOnly 34.1% of the population ate breakfast every day, and eating breakfast 1–3 times per week was associated with a higher risk of overweight (BMI: OR = 2.183, 95%CI: 1.369,3,481; WC: OR = 2.101, 95%CI: 1.232,3,583; WHR: OR = 2.108, 95%CI: 1.331,3,337). The effects of all types of Usual Breakfast Consumption Frequency on overweight were fully mediated by sleep duration (p < 0.05). In particular, the subjects exercised outdoors more than five times per week slept longer (p < 0.05).ConclusionShort sleep duration may be the main reason for irregular breakfast leading to overweight. Adequate outdoor exercise is essential for weight maintenance.

Aim:Chronic disease self-management is critical to disease prognosis and patient quality of life. Several psychological factors influence this process of self-management. In this background, the present study investigated the impact of illness perceptions and coping style on self-management in people with peritoneal dialysis (PD). Methods:The study is a cross-sectional study. From May 2022 to January 2023, a convenience sampling method was used to recruit 246 peritoneal dialysis patients. General information questionnaire, brief illness perception questionnaire, medical coping style modes questionnaire and the self-management scale for peritoneal dialysis patients were used in this study. We used SPSS 24.0 to analyze the data, and the statistical methods included descriptive analysis, single factor analysis, Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. Results:A total of 246 patients were included in this study (93.89% response rate). Cognitive representations and emotional representations were 30.40, 14.18, respectively. However, illness comprehensibility was 2.87. Illness perceptions were negative significantly correlated with self-management. With regard to coping style, our patients were more likely to adopt avoidance and resignation coping style. Confrontation and avoidance were positively related to self-management, while acceptance-resignation was negatively related. Conclusion:Self-management of peritoneal dialysis patients needs to be improved. Age, female sex, monthly income, illness perceptions and coping style were independently associated with self-management. Impact:These findings suggest that interventions that improve illness perceptions and coping style should be explored to ultimately improve their self-management. For example, patients can be provided with psychological counseling so that they can face the disease correctly, and we should pay attention to the positive role of social support.

Objective: The objective was to define and develop the concept of elder self-neglect, and to provide a reference for nursing practice. Methods: A systematic search of relevant literature on elder self-neglect was conducted in Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), PubMed, Web of Science and CINAHL database, and Rodgers' evolutionary concept analysis method was used as the theoretical framework. Results: A total of 63 articles were included. Elder self-neglect included four defining characteristics: disorderliness, dangerousness, invisibleand enclosed; antecedents included physical, psychological, socio-environmental and other related factors; consequences included effects on the older adults themselves and effects on others and society. Conclusions: Elder self-neglect has far-reaching implications for individuals and society. By clarifying the conceptual characteristics of elder self-neglect through concept analysis, researchers can conduct more in-depth and comprehensive research on it and promote healthy ageing.

Among various types of breakfast in China, Cantonese morning tea (Yum Cha) is unique in its form and feature. Morning tea is a Cantonese tradition of morning activity, originated in the Qing dynasty. After years of change, it has evolved to the current form, serving an assortment of small dishes (dim sum) alongside Chinese tea. The classification of Chinese tea is based on the colors, shapes, aroma, and fermentation degree. Several types of dim sum dishes in Guangdong are categorized according to the region, ingredients selection, taste, and cooking methods. Yum Cha has a unique etiquette that is different from the folk cultures in other areas. Morning tea plays an essential role in influencing the dietary patterns and eating habits of Cantonese people. In addition, morning tea supports social interactions and connections of daily human life, providing a practical and acceptable channel for old friendships to nurture and new bonds to build. As a symbol of local culture, morning tea shapes Cantonese people physically and mentally. Therefore, the Yum Cha culture should be valued and propagated.

Objective Adolescents' alcohol consumption has lifetime adverse physical and mental health effects. Family environment factors have a significant influence in shaping adolescents' beliefs and habits. We conducted the multicenter cross-sectional study aiming to investigate the association between family environment factors and adolescent drinking behavior in China. Methods The study investigated 27,762 middle school students from Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Jinan, Chengdu, and Harbin. A logistic regression model was used to explore the association between family environmental factors and adolescent drinking behavior. Participants were asked to self-report previous experiences of drinking and getting drunk to access their drinking status. Factors of family environment related to alcohol consumption included: parents' educational level, family economic status, family composition, the number of times parents drank alcohol in the past 30 days, and parents' attitudes toward their drinking behavior. The logistic regression model was used to adjust the demographic confounders, including gender, age, city, location, and smoking status, and to explore the association between family environmental factors and adolescent alcohol drinking behaviors. Results Compared with students whose parents prohibited drinking, students who were approved drinking were more likely to drink in this year (OR = 16.544, 95%CI:15.265–17.929, P < 0.001; Full adjustment: OR = 13.111, 95% CI: 12.031–14.288, P < 0.001), drink in this month (OR = 7.791, 95% CI: 7.077–8.565, P < 0.001; Full adjustment: OR = 6.010, 95% CI: 5.439–6.641, P < 0.001). In addition, Low family economic status, not living with the mother, parents' ambivalent attitudes toward their children's drinking and parental drinking were risk factors for drinking among middle school students. Conclusion The family environment, especially parents' attitudes, is associated with students' drinking and drunken behavior. Mobilizing the power of parents may play a positive role in the effective prevention and control of adolescent drinking.

Abstract Background Accurate estimation of food portion sizes remains an important challenge in dietary data collection. The present study aimed to develop a food atlas with adequate visual reference to improve the accuracy of dietary surveys in China. Methods A food atlas for dietary surveys in China was developed using three visual reference systems, namely, regularly placed food portions, the two‐dimensional background coordinates and common objects known in daily life. The atlas was validated by estimating a meal before and after using the food atlas, and differences in weight estimation were compared using a paired t‐test. In total, 50 college students participated in the study. Results After determination of food varieties; design of the food display; purchase, processing, cooking and weighing of food; photographing food; post‐image processing and data processing, a total of 799 pictures of 303 types of food and two types of tableware were produced. The mean value of food weight estimated with the atlas was closer to the actual weight, and the variation range of these values was smaller and more stable than that estimated without the atlas. The differences estimated before and after using the atlas for all foods were significant (P < 0.05). Comparing the differences in weight before using the atlas, the error ranges of food samples were reduced. Conclusions A food atlas has been developed for a retrospective dietary survey in China, which can be used to enable a better understanding of nutritional adequacy in the Chinese population.

Background and Objective: Overweight or obesity, as an independent risk factor for chronic diseases, has been on the rise globally. Adopting a healthy lifestyle is positive to weight control. Mobile-based lifestyle interventions have shown potential benefits in weight loss, but most studies were carried out among non-elderly population, so it is necessary to perform well-designed randomized controlled trials among the elderly with overweight or obesity. The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of mobile-based lifestyle intervention on weight loss among the overweight and obese elderly population in China. Methods: This is a prospective, open-labeled, three-month, multicenter, randomized controlled trial involving 750 participants from five cities who were randomly assigned to dietary and physical activity interventions group (DPG; mobile phone with the App and bracelet), physical activity interventions group (PG; mobile phone with the App and bracelet) and control group (CG; no interventions and kept their lifestyle as before). The outcomes evaluated were changes in weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and hip circumference (HC). Results: In total, 642 (85.6%) participants completed the study, 237 (94.8%), 203 (81.2%), and 202 (80.8%) for DPG, PG, and CG respectively. Comparing with PG and CG, the DPG showed a significant decrease in all outcomes after three months, including body weight (−4.1 kg vs. −1.0 kg; −4.1 kg vs. −0.8 kg; p < 0.05), BMI (−1.6 kg/m2 vs. −0.4 kg/m2; −1.6 kg/m2 vs. −0.3 kg/m2; p < 0.05), WC (−2.8 cm vs. −0.1 cm; −2.8 cm vs. −0.5 cm; p < 0.05), and HC (−3.8 cm vs. −1.3 cm; −3.8 cm vs. −1.3 cm; p < 0.05). Similar effects were seen across sex and BMI subgroups. Conclusions: Mobile-based lifestyle intervention obtained beneficial effect in weight loss among the elderly with overweight or obesity. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to confirm the effectiveness and its sustainability.

This article analyzes the impact of the two candidates Trump and Biden on the Chinese economy by establishing a mathematical model for the 2020 U.S. election, and uses the Analytic Hierarchy Process to quantitatively process the relevant policies introduced or proposed by the two, and then adopts TOPSIS the method is used to sort out the policy rankings of the two trends, and establish a set of evaluation models. It is found that China's semiconductor industry is most affected. Finally, the gray prediction algorithm is used to predict the development trend of China's semiconductor industry after the technology blockade policy. 1. Preface The 2020 US general election is a "closed" competition between the Republican incumbent Trump and the Democratic challenger Biden. Democratic candidate Biden and Republican candidate Trump are evenly matched. Trump and Biden have completely different attitudes towards international trade. Trump's election will reduce the trade surplus of countries that have a large trade surplus with the United States. The most affected may be China and other Asian economies. The election of Biden will have a greater advantage over Trump for the economic development of the United States, and Sino-US trade relations may be eased. The election of Trump and Biden will have a certain impact on the US economy, the Chinese economy and the world economy 2. Research status Scholars analyzed the impact of the United States on my country’s economy from different perspectives. For example, Zhao Dongxi (2019) analyzed the impact of the normalization of U.S. monetary policy on China’s economy. They believed that U.S. interest rate hikes would have a negative effect on China’s asset prices; the U.S. reduced its balance sheet. The short-term impact on China's output is positive, and the impact is greater than the impact of interest rate hikes. Yu Ziwei (2018) analyzed the impact of technical barriers in the United States on China’s economy from the causes of technical barriers. He believed that the US’s launch of technical barriers would do more harm than good to my country’s export economy, damage my country’s economic interests, and bring my country’s export trade. There are many negative effects. Yu Hongda (2016) analyzed the possible policy trends of Trump after he was elected President of the United States and its impact on my country's economy. It is believed that the election of Trump has increased the uncertainty of US future policies, but the essence of Sino-US relations will not change significantly. Wu Xinbo (2020) believes that the direction of the Biden administration's China policy mainly involves three aspects. One is the focus of its governance, the other is what constraints he will be subject to from home and abroad, and the third is its China policy choices. Weiping Liu (2020) studied the US currency in the post-financial crisis period and found that the implementation of the US quantitative easing monetary policy will eventually lead to a comprehensive decline in the Chinese stock market, a downturn in the bond market, and a complex situation of depreciation of the RMB against the US 2021 5th International Conference on Education, Management and Social Science (EMSS 2021) Copyright © (2021) Francis Academic Press, UK DOI: 10.25236/emss.2021.052 305 dollar. Li Junjiu (2020) analyzes from six dimensions the economic rationality of open interest groups in the United States, the behavioral orientation of other economies, and China's structural national competitive advantages, which constitute an important constraint on the United States' economic and trade regulations with China. In response, China needs to determine the "whole government" strategic model, understand the scientific connotation of the "double cycle", implement the established policy of reform and opening up, and attach importance to the strategic significance of the "Belt and Road" initiative. Jia Qingguo (2020) analyzes that after the Biden administration takes office, Sino-US relations will most likely have a relationship of competition and cooperation. However, whether the future Sino-US competition is vicious or benign depends largely on the two countries. of interaction. Yu Xiang (2020) believes that the Biden administration will make adjustments to "national security", but generally will not relax. Second, the next U.S. government's policy toward China not only depends on the policy propositions of the new president and the political parties behind him, but is also subject to the overall domestic political environment in the United States. From a deeper perspective, the subsequent changes in Americans' views on China depend more on their domestic social reform processes. Finally, a series of "bad law toolboxes" restricting Chinese companies have certain policy inertia. Li Xiao (2020) believes that the United States tends to use rules and systems to maintain its control and governance of the world. It will take "value demands" and "realistic interests" as the leading factor to influence and control the establishment of new multilateral rules, trying to contain both The opponent maintains hegemony. We cannot ignore or underestimate this. The studies of the above-mentioned scholars all show that the Trump administration has had a huge impact on the Chinese economy during its administration, which has caused considerable pressure on the Chinese economy. And this article aims to study the impact of the Trump administration and the Biden administration on the Chinese economy, especially China's semiconductor industry. 3. The influence of different candidates on China's economy 3.1 Use analytic hierarchy process to quantify influencing factors Through Trump and Biden’s policies, the following influencing factors were introduced: (1) Allied Russia system plan (2) Strengthening US-Taiwan relations to split China (3) Creating troubles around China (4) Suppressing and hollowing out the Chinese economy (5) Blocking 5G technology and restricting the import of goods into China. First, the analytic hierarchy process is used to quantify the above six influencing factors, referring to the scale Table 1 of the paired comparison matrix. Table 1 Analytic hierarchy process used to quantify the six influencing factors Scale Meaning 1 Said, compared to two factors have the same importance 3 Said compared to two factors, one factor is slightly more important than another factor 5 Said compared to two factors, one factor than another factor, obviously important 7 Said compared to two factors, one factor than another factor, highly important 9 Said compared to two factors, one factor than the other factors, is extremely important 2,4,6,8 The above two adjacent judgment of values The bottom Factor i and j is the judgment of the ij a , the factor j compared to i judgment matrix 1/ ji ij a a = The Table 2 obtained by quantifying the six factors is as follows:

Objective To investigate the alcohol abuse status and its related influencing factors in rural communities of Chaoyang District of Beijing,to provide a basis for education and prevention of alcohol abuse in communities.Methods A total of 1 996 rural residents were enrolled randomly from November to December of 2010,to investigate alcohol abuse of Chaoyang District using self-made questionnaire of socio-demographic information,alcohol use disorder identification test(AUDIT),Ways Of Coping Questionnaire(WCQ),Patient Health Questionnaire the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale(PHQ GAD-7) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9(PHQ-9).A Logistic regression analysis was made on related influencing factors of alcohol abuse.Results The alcohol abuse rate of rural residents was 8.1%(162 /1 996).There was significant difference in alcohol abuse rate between residents at different ages,with different genders,in different statuses of marriage,work,occurrences of depression,anxiety(P 0.05).By Logistic regression analysis,there was significant difference in effect of gender,age,marital status,educational level,negative coping style and anxiety on alcohol abuse(P 0.05).Conclusion Alcohol abuse of rural residents needs to be concerned and screening of alcohol abuse and mental health knowledge education should be strengthened in male,middle-aged,on-the-job,anxious residents or those in bad marital status.