The aim of this assessment was to determine the information needs, resources, and resource preferences and self/family-management challenges of parents caring for a child with asthma in China. The acceptance of asthma and consolidated framework for implementation research guided the study. A cross-sectional, descriptive design was used. Seventy-one parents of a child receiving care in an outpatient respiratory clinic completed a three-part, pragmatic, self-report survey. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and qualitative data using thematic analysis. Parents, who needed more knowledge about asthma, sought information from internet sources. However, most parents preferred receiving information during in-person consultation with trained specialists. Management challenges revolved around understanding asthma information, formulating beliefs about asthma, experiencing distressing thoughts and feelings, forming supportive networks, and meeting their child’s emotional needs. Evidence supports expanding nursing roles in China to include extended time for initial in-person parental interactions and follow-up using reliable clinic-based internet counseling.

Objetivo: Analizar las opiniones a nivel sanitario de las enfermeras clinicas y academicas de Japon, Australia y China en relacion con el uso de mascarillas de papel para protegerse a si mismas y a los demas, e identificar diferencias en las opiniones sanitarias de las participantes con respecto a las mascarillas. Antecedentes: El uso correcto de mascarillas faciales y el consenso entre los profesionales sanitarios de todo el mundo es esencial para contener las pandemias y las enfermeras deben actuar de acuerdo con las politicas para protegerse, educar al publico y preservar los recursos para los trabajadores sanitarios de primera linea. Los profesionales sanitarios y el publico en general utilizan mascarillas de papel para evitar la transmision de infecciones respiratorias, como el COVID- 19, pero parece haber diferencias en las creencias sobre la salud de las enfermeras en y entre los paises con respecto a estas. Metodos: Este estudio descriptivo cualitativo utilizo analisis de contenido con un enfoque referencial. Resultados: Habia grandes diferencias en las opiniones de las enfermeras participantes entre los paises y entre ellas, incluida la forma en como las enfermeras emplean las mascarillas de papel, su comprension y su eficacia. Ademas, hubo diferencias culturales en la forma en que las enfermeras utilizan las mascarillas en su vida diaria y en los contextos de practica de enfermeria. Conclusion: Las enfermeras de diferentes entornos laborales, paises y areas de practica tienen una variedad de opi niones sanitarias sobre el uso de mascarillas a nivel tanto personal como profesional. Implicaciones para la politica de enfermeria y la politica sanitaria: La pandemia de COVID-19 ha provocado un gran debate sobre la importancia critica de las mascarillas para la seguridad de los profesionales sanitarios, y ha habido debates y desacuerdos considerables sobre las politicas sanitarias relacionadas con el uso de mascarillas por parte del publico en general. El uso inadecuado de las mascarillas puede tener un papel en la escasez de mascarillas o en la transmision de infecciones. Una politica mundial basada en la evidencia sobre el uso de mascarillas para las enfermedades respiratorias para los profesionales sanitarios, incluidas las enfermeras, y el publico deberia adoptarse y respaldarse por una campana educativa de amplio alcance.

Nursing & Health SciencesVolume 22, Issue 2 p. 339-342 EDITORIAL Facemasks and the Covid 19 pandemic: What advice should health professionals be giving the general public about the wearing of facemasks? Teresa E. Stone RN, RMN, BA, MHM, PhD, Teresa E. Stone RN, RMN, BA, MHM, PhD orcid.org/0000-0003-0673-1763 Faculty of Nursing, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand Faculty of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this authorWipada Kunaviktikul PhD, RN, FAAN, Corresponding Author Wipada Kunaviktikul PhD, RN, FAAN [email protected] Faculty of Nursing, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, ThailandSearch for more papers by this authorMieko Omura RN, PhD, Mieko Omura RN, PhD orcid.org/0000-0002-1829-7223 School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this authorMarcia Petrini PhD, MPA, RN, FAAN, Marcia Petrini PhD, MPA, RN, FAAN Faculty of Nursing, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, ThailandSearch for more papers by this author Teresa E. Stone RN, RMN, BA, MHM, PhD, Teresa E. Stone RN, RMN, BA, MHM, PhD orcid.org/0000-0003-0673-1763 Faculty of Nursing, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand Faculty of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this authorWipada Kunaviktikul PhD, RN, FAAN, Corresponding Author Wipada Kunaviktikul PhD, RN, FAAN [email protected] Faculty of Nursing, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, ThailandSearch for more papers by this authorMieko Omura RN, PhD, Mieko Omura RN, PhD orcid.org/0000-0002-1829-7223 School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this authorMarcia Petrini PhD, MPA, RN, FAAN, Marcia Petrini PhD, MPA, RN, FAAN Faculty of Nursing, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, ThailandSearch for more papers by this author First published: 12 April 2020 https://doi.org/10.1111/nhs.12724Citations: 22Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. 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China is using drones to scold people for going outside and not wearing masks amid the coronavirus outbreak. Retrieved from https://www.businessinsider.com/china-uses-drones-to-patrol-citizens-during-wuhan-coronavirus-outbreak-2020-1 Google Scholar Secon, H. (2020). People are racing to buy face masks amid the coronavirus outbreak, but they probably won't protect you from illness. Retrieved from https://www.businessinsider.com/wuhan-coronavirus-face-masks-not-entirely-effective-2020-1 Google Scholar The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019). Preventing spread of disease on commercial aircraft: Guidance for cabin crew. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/quarantine/air/managing-sick-travelers/commercial-aircraft/infection-control-cabin-crew.html Google Scholar Tufekci, Z. (2020). Why telling people they don't need masks backfired. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/17/opinion/coronavirus-face-masks.html Google Scholar United Nations. (2020). 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The health beliefs and practices regarding cervical cancer screening among women in the mountainous and Terai region of Nepal were investigated and examined for the differences. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with a purposive sample of 216 in mountainous and 294 in Terai. The interview tools were a socio-demographic scale, a Nepalese Health Belief Model Scale for Cervical Cancer followed by the Screening Test. Chi-square test, binary logistic regression, Mann-Whitney U, and Kruskal-Wallis were used to analyze the data. The results showed that the screening rate was low for both regions with a significant difference in the benefit of screening and health motivation. Being older and having a positive family history of cervical cancer were shown to be predictors screening practice. Women from both groups preferred female doctors for screening. Culturally appropriate educational interventions focused on the benefits and obstacles of screening is needed to improve the beliefs of cervical cancer and screening and increase the screening rate. Nurses need to be aware of health beliefs regarding cervical cancer during cervical screening and education.

Spiritual care competence of nurses is crucial to satisfy the spiritual needs of the clients, but the dearth of conceptual frameworks has hindered the clarification of the construct, especially for nurses in the People's Republic of China. This article developed a 3*3*3 matrix framework to clarify the components of spiritual care competence for Chinese nurses through the synthesis of existing empirical and theoretical work, which includes three aspects (awareness, understanding, and application) on three levels (intrapersonal, interpersonal, and transpersonal) of three contents of spirituality (namely, worldview, connectedness, and transcendence). The proposed framework can be used as a model to promote spiritual care competence of nurses in China. Adoption of the framework to guide studies would allow for the design of interventions for the attainment of this competence.

Background: Understanding parents' experiences is a prerequisite to developing interventions that are sensitive to needs of children and families. In China, little is known about parental experiences of having a young child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). This phenomenological study aimed to describe parental experiences of having a young child with ALL in China. Method: Ten parents, recruited in central China using purposive sampling, participated in face-to-face, in-depth interviews using Haase's adaptation of Colaizzi's phenomenological method. Results: Five theme categories were identified: (a) The Cancer Diagnosis as a Terrible Disaster-The Sky is Falling, (b) Fighting the Beast, (c) Putting on a Happy Face and Other Coping Strategies, (d) Diagnosis Disclosure: If We Tell and How to Tell, and (e) Hope-Filled Expectations: Returning to Normal Life. Conclusion: Parents put their child's health as their top priority. They strive to manage uncertainty about prognosis and cope with enormous pressures caused by children's suffering, financial burden, and stigma. Parents also express their resilience and hope throughout their child's cancer journey. Support services to strengthen specific families' protective factors (i.e., family/community support, hope, and positive coping) are needed to foster resilience and quality of life. Health care professionals should systematically assess parents' needs, provide validated education materials, and implement tailored interventions across the cancer continuum. Public education and advocacy about cancer is also necessary to decrease cancer-related stigma, and provide financial aid and health care resources in pediatric oncology.

As a result of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, health professionals are faced with situations they have not previously encountered and are being forced to make difficult ethical decisions. As the first group to experience challenges of caring for patients with coronavirus, Chinese nurses endure heartbreak and face stressful moral dilemmas. In this opinion piece, we examine three related critical questions: Whether society has the right to require health professionals to risk their lives caring for patients; whether health professionals have the right to refuse to care for patients during the coronavirus pandemic; and what obligations there are to protect health professionals? Value of care, community expectations, legal obligations, professional and codes of practice may compel health professionals to put themselves at risks in emergency situations. The bioethical principles of autonomy, justice, beneficence and non-maleficence, as well as public health ethics, guide nurses to justify their decisions as to whether they are entitled to refuse to treat COVID-19 patients during the pandemic. We hope that the open discussion would support the international society in addressing similar ethical challenges in their respective situations during this public health crisis.

Nursing & Health SciencesVolume 23, Issue 2 p. 300-303 EDITORIAL Conducting survey research: Part 2: What you need to know about adaptation, administration, and interpretation of instruments Wipada Kunaviktikul RN, PhD, FAAN,, Wipada Kunaviktikul RN, PhD, FAAN, Faculty of Nursing, and Nursing Policy and Outcome, Center at Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, ThailandSearch for more papers by this authorTeresa E. Stone RN, RMN BA MHM, PhD, Teresa E. Stone RN, RMN BA MHM, PhD orcid.org/0000-0003-0673-1763 Faculty of Nursing, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, ThailandSearch for more papers by this authorSue Turale RN, DEd, FACN, FACMHN, Sue Turale RN, DEd, FACN, FACMHN Faculty of Nursing, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, ThailandSearch for more papers by this authorMarcia A. Petrini RN, PhD, FAAN, Marcia A. Petrini RN, PhD, FAAN Faculty of Nursing, Chiang Mai University, Wuhan, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author Wipada Kunaviktikul RN, PhD, FAAN,, Wipada Kunaviktikul RN, PhD, FAAN, Faculty of Nursing, and Nursing Policy and Outcome, Center at Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, ThailandSearch for more papers by this authorTeresa E. Stone RN, RMN BA MHM, PhD, Teresa E. Stone RN, RMN BA MHM, PhD orcid.org/0000-0003-0673-1763 Faculty of Nursing, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, ThailandSearch for more papers by this authorSue Turale RN, DEd, FACN, FACMHN, Sue Turale RN, DEd, FACN, FACMHN Faculty of Nursing, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, ThailandSearch for more papers by this authorMarcia A. Petrini RN, PhD, FAAN, Marcia A. Petrini RN, PhD, FAAN Faculty of Nursing, Chiang Mai University, Wuhan, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author First published: 07 October 2020 https://doi.org/10.1111/nhs.12687Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Volume23, Issue2June 2021Pages 300-303 RelatedInformation

Introduction: Teenage pregnancy is a public health concern. Maternal and neonatal health outcomesare negatively impacted in teenage pregnancy. The objective of the study is to find the prevalence ofteenage pregnancy in a community hospital of rural Nepal. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Okhaldhunga Community Hospital,Okhaldhunga, Nepal. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee of thehospital. Data were retrieved from July 2007 to July 2017 from the hospital record books. The total of7054 records of deliveries were reviewed from the hospital records and whole sampling was done.Subgroup analysis was done on basis of age, ethnicity, gravida, para, period of gestation, mode ofdelivery, maternal or neonatal complications and birth weight. Datas were entered and analyzedusing Microsoft Excel. Results: The total of 7054 deliveries were conducted in ten years among which 2050 (29.06%) wereteenage deliveries at the confidence interval of 95% (28.52% - 29.06%). The highest percentage ofteenage delivery was found among Janajati ethnicity of 1056 (53.3%). Amongst teenage delivery, asignificant tear was found in 157 (7.9%) as a maternal complication. Perinatal deaths were found in27 (1.4%). The cesarean section rate was 839 (11.9%) among all deliveries. Conclusions: The trend of teenage pregnancy remains almost same over ten years in theOkhaldhunga Community Hospital. The overall prevalence of teenage delivery is higher than thenational figure. Low birth weight babies, premature delivery, perineal and cervical tears were thecommon complications. Further health education and awareness programs might help to reduce theteenage pregnancy rate.

Objective: The elderly population has proliferated worldwide. The empty-nest family pattern has become predominant among the aging people, and they are more vulnerable to the development of cognitive disorders. However, there is no standardized service in the community nursing care that includes procedures on how to improve the cognitive function of the elderly. Meanwhile, the booming number of empty-nest elderly stimulates the community nurses to assume the responsibility for their care. All of these bring more difficulties and opportunities for community nurses who are dedicated to the prevention of geriatric cognitive disorders.Methods: The authors reviewed the literature related to "empty-nest elderly", "cognitive function","mahjong",and "Chinese square dance" in the Elsevier, Web of Science（WOS）, China National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI）, Springer and PubMed databases. The study illustrates the utility possibility of an efficient and straightforward method for improving the cognitive function among the elderly in the context of community nursing care in China and even in the rest of the world.Results: Mental and physical activity contributes to cognitive fitness and may be beneficial in delaying cognitive decline. Mental activities, such as playing mahjong, and physical activities, such as the Chinese square dance, are common Chinese activities. Both of them can affect cognitive function in some way.Conclusions: China is experiencing one of its most severe aging problems. Community health personnel and related professionals may consider using mahjong and Chinese square dance to promote psychological health in empty-nest elderly individuals in the community.

In many Asian societies, traditional postpartum practices are believed to be vital to the health of women and babies. Deep cultural and social meanings are attached to practices related to behaviors, activities, foods, hygiene, and infant care with variance by regions. Previous studies have demonstrated diverse interpretations of the traditional postpartum beliefs and practices by local communities. In the rural area of Jiujiang Jiangxi Province, China, postpartum women's beliefs and practices have not been documented. This paper is part of an ethnographic study aimed to describe the traditional postpartum beliefs and practices among women in the sociocultural context of the rural area of Jiujiang, Jiangxi province. The villages of two townships of Maying and Zhangqing in Jiujiang City, were the settings for the study. Data collection was from January 2017 to July 2017. Participant observation in the rural area context and in-depth interviews were conducted with 18 postpartum women as key informants. A six-step qualitative data analysis method was used. Three themes emerged from the traditional postpartum practices - zuo fang (sitting in room): gaining yin-yang (shady-sunny) balance, preventing 'xie' (pathogenic factor) entering the body, and enhancing breastmilk production. Variations of the traditional postpartum beliefs and practices were influenced by the local sociocultural context. Knowledge of the cultural importance of traditional postpartum beliefs and practices of rural women is required for nurses to provide culturally sensitive postpartum nursing care.

Background & aim: Childbirth and motherhood is a rewarding experience. A mother needs to adapt to her new maternal role after childbirth. The aim of the present study was to clarify the defining attributes of maternal role and identify its antecedents and consequences. Methods: As suggested by Walker and Avant, the present concept analysis utilized the eight-step methodology. A search of the English literature was accomplished by searching the databases including CINAHL, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Medline, from 1994 to 2016 using the keywords of maternal role, maternal identity, maternal role attainment, transition to motherhood, and motherhood. Results: The antecedences of maternal role were pregnancy, maternal identity, maternal behaviors, adjustment to child-rearing, and bonding with the child. The defining attributes of maternal role were considered nurturing, protecting, caretaking, and managing household affairs. The consequences were the awareness of neonatal status, balanced fulfillment of multiple roles, maternal role strain, and role conflict. Conclusion: The present analysis identified the common attributes, antecedents, and consequences of maternal role. In addition, this analysis differentiated the concept from similar and related concepts that led to greater clarification of maternal role in nursing and midwifery. Considering the maternal role, this conceptual structure provided clarity and contributed to the body of knowledge representing a method to guide nurses and midwives in their practice and research.

We aimed to assess the quality of life (QOL) of the patients with cervical cancer after initial treatment, the factors affecting QOL and their clinical relevance. A total of 256 patients with cervical cancer who visited Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University from January 2017 to December 2017 were enrolled in this study. The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core-30 item (EORTC QLQ-C30) and cervical cancer module (EORTC QLQ-CX24) was used to assess the QOL of patients. More than half of the patients with cervical cancer reported an excellent QOL. Symptoms mostly experienced were insomnia, constipation, financial difficulties, and menopausal symptoms. Global QOL and social functioning were statistically associated with education level, occupation, the area of living, family income and treatment modality. Similarly, role functioning showed significant association with the stage of cancer, treatment modality and time since diagnosis. The rural area of living and poor economic status of the patients with cervical cancer has a negative impact on overall quality of life. Younger and educated patients are more worried about sexuality. Patients treated with multiple therapies had more problems with their QOL scales than patients treated with surgery only.

Cervical cancer is the most common cancer among women in Nepal. The prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 and or HPV 18 among women with cervical pre-cancer and cancer is higher than the incidence of HPV in the world population. The population-based epidemiological data of HPV in the general population in most parts of the country remains unknown. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and type distribution of HPV infection and association of abnormal cytology with high risk HPV infection among women in mid-western rural, Nepal.

Examination of the relationship between patients' coping style, pregastroscopy information, and anxiety associated with gastroscopy in China was the aim of this study. A pretest, post-test, nonrandom assignment study with a two by two design was conducted. One hundred forty-five patients who underwent initial gastroscopy without sedation were classified into 2 groups on the basis of the coping style: information seekers or information avoiders using the Information Subscale of the Krantz Health Opinion Survey (KHOS-I). All participants were given standardized procedural information about gastroscopy as routine care. Half of each group was assigned to receive additional sensory information describing what sensation they would experience and how to cooperate to alleviate the discomfort. State anxiety assessed by the State Anxiety Scale of Spielberg's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, blood pressure, and pulse were measured at enrollment and before gastroscopy. The information seekers and avoiders who received additional sensory information experienced significantly less state anxiety after the intervention. In contrast, the information seekers and avoiders who received standardized procedural information maintained their preintervention state anxiety level. Most patients reported their preference for sensory information. In conclusion, the provision of sensory information could significantly reduce patients' pregastroscopy anxiety regardless of patients' information coping style.

A randomized controlled study explored the effects of two intensity-oriented exercise interventions on affect to exercise and physical activity behavior. Inactive retirees finished the 12-week group-based exercise intervention and 3-month telephone follow-up with 27 in self-selected intensity group and 26 in prescribed intensity group. Repeated measures of daily step counts (measured by Yamax pedometers), positive and negative affect to exercise, weight, height, waist circumference, and blood pressure were done at baseline, postintervention, and 3-month follow-up. Increased daily step counts and positive affect, and reduced body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure of both groups, and negative affect of self-selected intensity group were found at different measuring times. Although self-selected intensity group had no significantly different daily step counts from prescribed intensity group, the former had a more positive and less negative affect to exercise. Findings suggest that future exercise programs use self-selected intensity exercise programs to improve pleasure affect to exercise.

Abstract Objective Clinical reasoning is an essential feature of health care practice; it is also a crucial ability for providing patient care of high quality. It has been identified that graduate nurses may lack the clinical reasoning skills to deliver safe and effective patient care. It is therefore of paramount importance to enhance nursing students' clinical reasoning ability. High-fidelity simulation (HFS) is proved to be an effective teaching and learning method, which may also have some advantages over other teaching methods. Methods The authors retrospectively reviewed the related literature, illustrated the application of high-fidelity simulation teaching method in nursing education, putting the focus on the use of it in teaching with clinical reasoning. Results The application of high-fidelity simulation to nursing education can simulate the clinical situation, thus to create a safe, continuous and efficient learning environment for students, and it can effectively improve students' clinical reasoning ability. Conclusions high-fidelity simulation is effective for clinical reasoning teaching in nursing education. The extension of its application in China should be of great value. The relevant further study is suggested focusing on how to overcome its own limitations and have it better applied in nursing education in China.

Introduction: Worldwide breast cancer is the common invasive cancer among the females. The quality of life of women after treatment, which is often a mastectomy, is frequently decreased. Objective: To determine the life quality of Nepalese women post mastectomy. Materials and Methods: One hundred seven women after a mastectomy were selected and interviewed by using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer-Quality of Life Questionnaire and its Breast Specific Module to assess women’s quality of life. Result: The study findings revealed a good score on global health status/quality of life. The respondents performed well on functional and symptom scales. In the Breast Specific Module, all respondents performed poor regarding sexual function and sexual enjoyment. Global Health Status was found useful among the women involved in service/business/agriculture and the survivors using breast prosthesis. In Breast Specific Module, systemic therapy side effects showed strong statistical associations with age, marital status, occupation, education, use of breast prosthesis and co-morbidity. Body image was highly significant with age, occupation, education, use of breast prosthesis and co-morbidity. Conclusion: Based on the study findings, counseling, and a structured educational programme is recommended to improve the QOL of women after a mastectomy.

OBJECTIVE:To find out the knowledge, attitude, practice, and barriers of cervical cancer screening in mid-western rural, Nepal.METHODS:A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted. Women aged 20 or more were interviewed using a structured questionnaire regarding the socio-demographic information, knowledge, attitude, practice, and barriers to the cervical cancer screening.RESULTS:Total of 360 participants were recruited for this study, mean age was 30.13±10.4 years. More than 87% of participants had inadequate knowledge, but around 72% had a favorable attitude towards cervical cancer screening. There was a significant portion of women (86.4%) had never done any cervical cancer screening test. Despite being higher literacy rate of Brahmin and Chhetri ethnic group, they were less likely to attend the cervical cancer screening than Dalit and Janajati (p<0.001); and those who had a positive family history of cancer were more likely to attend the cervical cancer screening (p<0.001). Similarly, married women, who had adequate knowledge and or favorable attitude, were more likely to practice cervical cancer screening, though statistically not significant. Factors such as "No symptoms," "Lack of awareness," "Embarrassment," etc. were the most common barriers for the cervical cancer screening.CONCLUSION:The adequate knowledge and practice of cervical cancer screening were meager among rural Nepalese women, but most of them had a favorable attitude. There is an imperative need for related awareness programs to promote the uptake of cervical cancer screening tests.