In this study, we examine the dynamic relationship of trustworthiness cues with trusting behavior in teams. We posit that teams have to learn to interpret behavioral cues as stable dispositions and weigh this information differently for their decision to trust as teams develop. Utilizing longitudinal data on 785 teams from an online simulation over 27 weeks, we demonstrate that trustworthy behavior has a nonlinear relationship with trusting behavior over time. Our findings contribute to literature on trust development and advance understanding of its predictors.

Organizational trust research is an area of strong scholarly interest and presents significant opportunities for researchers covering numerous scholarly areas of focus. This symposium looks at two important facets of trust across multiple levels. First, trust is influenced by the social and organizational context that have cross-level influences on individual level trust, i.e., influencing the impact of relationships between leaders and followers. The second cross-level influence is on within-individual dynamics or the effect of personality change on the development of trustworthiness. Additionally, trust is a dynamic phenomenon, ebbing and flowing as a function of interactions between parties. Thus, an additional – and elemental – level of analysis in trust is the interaction or episode itself that captures intra-individual changes. Our symposium submission offers several fresh approaches to trust research as it relates to organizational and within-individual trust development and extends scholarship on this topic. Building Organizational Trust: Towards Understanding Religious Cultural Diversity Presenter: Roger C. Mayer; North Carolina State U. Presenter: Adam Cohen; - Presenter: Joseph Barbour; Arizona State U. Supervisor’s Control as Driver for Trust and Distrust – the Influence of Control and Communication Presenter: Ann-Marie Nienaber; Centre for Trust, Peace and Social Relations, Coventry U. Presenter: Martina Hartner-Tiefenthaler; TU Wien Beyond the Fraud Triangle: The Role of Trust in Predicting Employee Theft Presenter: Edward C. Tomlinson; West Virginia U. Presenter: Nancy H. McIntyre; West Virginia U. Presenter: Huaizhong Chen; Tulane U. Spiraling Up, and Slowing Down? The Dynamics of Trust Development in Teams Presenter: Kai Frank Uhlemann; TUM School of Management, Technische U. München Presenter: Marcus Armin Drescher; Heilbronn U. of Applied Sciences Presenter: Maria Strobel; TUM School of Management, Technische U. München Presenter: Isabell Melanie Welpe; Technical U. of Munich Trust Tests: An Active Approach to Evaluating Trustworthiness Presenter: Mark Hiatt; Kennesaw State U. Presenter: Lisa Schurer Lambert; Oklahoma State U. The Timing of Accelerating Events in Trust Growth Presenter: M Audrey Korsgaard; U. of South Carolina Presenter: Paul Bliese; Darla Moore School of Business, U. of South Carolina Presenter: Jason Kautz; U. of South Carolina

In the past, households in Germany widely invested in renewable energy technologies (mostly photovoltaic) to receive guaranteed return rates based on extensive subsidies. These feed-in tariffs have been tremendously reduced and, consequently, households' behavioral motivations have changed: They have started to adopt various technologies to supply themselves with energy. In this study we investigate the underlying motivational factors that influence private households' intentions to purchase renewable energy system components with the purpose of partial energy self-supply. The study's data is comprised of qualitative interviews (N = 20) and a subsequent quantitative survey (N = 395) among homeowners of one-family houses and apartment houses from Germany. By studying their purchase intentions, we found perceived financial and autarky benefits are the most relevant attitudinal predictors, followed by environmental awareness and technology affinity. Besides attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control are important predictors of purchase intention. Policy makers and the industry could promote homeowners' purchasing behavior with tailored information strategies that address perceived autarky, financial benefits and subjective norms. We suggest support schemes for renewable energy systems to address perceived behavioral control factors. These schemes include necessary ongoing subsidies and a reliable regulatory and financial policy framework. This article contributes theoretically and practically to the environmental behavior and policy literature: It explains underlying behavioral factors such as autarky benefits and links them to policy recommendations such as supporting loans for energy-related investments by applying a behavior-policy framework.

Despite evidence that a rising number of municipalities in Germany are striving for energy self-sufficiency, there is little understanding of the driving factors behind this development. We investigate economic, ecological, social and energy system related factors that drive municipalities to strive for energy self-sufficiency with a focus on electricity supply. The empirical data for this study is based on insights generated through expert interviews (N =19) with mayors, energy experts and scientists as well as a quantitative study among mayors and energy officers (N =109) of German municipalities. Results show that environmental awareness, tax revenues and greater independence from private utilities are positively related to the mayors’ attitude towards the realization of energy self-sufficiency. Furthermore, citizens, the political environment, the mayor's political power, and his/her financial resources are relevant factors for a municipality striving for energy self-sufficiency. Policymakers need to decide whether or not to support mayors in this development. For suitable policy interventions, the results suggest the importance of an integrated approach that considers a combination of identified factors. Finally, we propose a morphological box to structure different aspects of energy self-sufficiency and categorize the present study.

This article systematically reviews the emerging field of research on business models for renewable energies, differentiating between developing and industrialized countries. The key findings on developing countries are as follows: first, there is a lack of quantitative data; second, opportunities are driven primarily by unfulfilled basic needs and micro-finance, whereas corruption and weak electricity grids are the main barriers; and third, business models should be replicable. The key findings on industrialized countries are as follows: first, opportunities are driven primarily by climate change mitigation and energy efficiency improvements; second, stuck thought patterns and high costs of energy storage are important barriers; and third, cooperation is a key in future business models to handle increasing complexity. This review reveals implications for researchers and policy-makers. Promising avenues for future research are the analysis of intermodal business models and opportunities concerning energy self-supply and renewable district heating. Policy-makers are advised to design legal frameworks that account for the global nature of the renewable energy challenge and are simultaneously adapted to regional disparities.

In this study, we examined how the dynamics of shared leadership are related to group performance. We propose that, over time, the expansion of shared leadership within groups is related to growth in group trust. In turn, growth in group trust is related to performance improvement. Longitudinal data from 142 groups engaged in a strategic simulation game over a 4-month period provide support for positive changes in trust mediating the relationship between positive changes in shared leadership and positive changes in performance. Our findings contribute to the literature on shared leadership and group dynamics by demonstrating how the growth in shared leadership contributes to the emergence of trust and a positive performance trend over time.

In this article, we present an analysis of communication transcripts from computer-mediated teams that illustrates how different kinds of decision support impact collaborative knowledge construction. Our analysis introduces an algorithmic technique called Topic Evolution Analysis (TEvA), which tracks clusters of words in conversation, and illustrates how these clusters change and merge over time. This analysis is combined with measurements of group dynamics to distinguish between teams using different kinds of decision support. Our analysis offers evidence that some kinds of decision support improve the apparent rationality of a team, but at the cost of collaborative knowledge construction. This result is not apparent when simply measuring team decision performance. We use this finding to motivate the utility and importance of the approach when assessing the impact of technology on collaborative knowledge processing.

In this study, we examine how shared leadership is related to team performance. By analyzing 174 teams consisting of 4,972 individuals from an online game we find support for a three-path mediated effect through communication and trust attitude and behavior. Our findings contribute to literature relating team leadership to trust in team and extend research on how team leadership relates into team performance.

Measuring an individual's potential to accomplish a goal has key implications in organizational studies, behavioral analysis, business and management among other areas. This relative potential, which is dependent on a myriad of factors, e.g., experience, resource management, cooperation, etc., could shape the individual's performance, motivation, leadership, and likely success. The increasing prevalence of virtual organizations provides unique challenges and opportunities to study complex research questions via convenient data collection. In this NSF-funded research, we introduce a multi-factor dynamic model to estimate the potential of an individual to accomplish a goal in a virtual organization. We analyze data from a Massive Multi-player Online Role-Playing Game (MMORPG), Travian, collected in a controlled environment for over 3.5 months. The data contains activities of 7,406 players, including, players' profiles, daily snapshots of individual and alliance attributes, amount of gold, military strength, trades and cooperation, diplomacy status as well as a 2.3 million-message graph. We model players' potential to survive as a multi-factor function derived from the data attributes, including SNA-based network measures from the message graph. The model predicts a player's potential to win the game or to achieve a specified goal. The target is to identify the influence of network behavior for the player, and how network statistics for each player influence the accuracy of the prediction.

Die Bedeutung virtueller Teams für die Zusammenarbeit global vernetzter Organisationen wird seit langem diskutiert. Doch obwohl sich im Alltag der Unternehmen zeigt, dass diese neue Form der Arbeitsteilung besondere Herausforderungen an Manager und Teammitglieder stellt, werden wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse und Empfehlungen bisher nicht ausreichend in der Organisationspraxis umgesetzt. Dieser Artikel will zum Einen durch eine Darstellung der Herausforderungen und Chancen virtueller Teams, zum Anderen durch die Präsentation wissenschaftlicher Erkenntnisse sowohl Denkanstöße liefern, als auch konkrete Empfehlungen für die Umsetzung in der Praxis aufzeigen.

Massively Multiplayer Online Games (MMOG) offer new promising opportunities to research virtual organizations and teams. The characteristics of MMOGs allow researchers to obtain objective data from a large and multi-national population. Lasting over months or even years, MMOGs facilitate longitudinal studies and ensure a high involvement of participants. Moreover, collecting data from online surveys and game servers keeps the costs of MMOG studies low. In this paper, we illustrate how research in MMOGs can utilize these opportunities to overcome some limitations of traditional research environments. Further we discuss the diverse information and communication technology (ICT) usage in MMOGs and therefore argue that research in MMOGs can provide a glimpse into the future application of ICT in real life organizations.

The relationship between different types of conflict and performance in virtual teams is still unclear. Therefore, this paper tries to shed light on the relationship between conflict and team performance as well as the moderating role of culture. Using survey and archival data of 1,683 virtual teams from 23 countries from a massively multiplayer online game (MMOG), this study's findings show that task conflict is positively related to team performance while process conflict is negatively related to team performance. Furthermore, while collectivistic culture is positively related to performance, it also moderates the conflict-performance relationship. Whereas the team performance of collectivistic teams is highly affected by both types of conflict, team performance of individualistic teams is hardly affected by task conflict and almost not affected by process conflict. We provide a detailed discussion of our findings in the conclusion of the paper and highlight the implications for both research and practice.

Massively Multiplayer Online Games (MMOG) offer new promising opportunities to research virtual organizations and teams. The characteristics of MMOGs allow researchers to obtain objective data from a large and multi-national population. Lasting over months or even years, MMOGs facilitate longitudinal studies and ensure a high involvement of participants. Moreover, collecting data from online surveys and game servers keeps the costs of MMOG studies low. In this paper, we show with two exemplary studies how research in MMOGs can utilize these opportunities to overcome some limitations of traditional research environments. Moreover, we discuss the role of MMOGs as the avant-garde of information and communication technology (ICT) usage and therefore argue that research in MMOGs can provide a glimpse into the future application of ICT in real life organizations.