Background: Nowadays, there is an accumulated data about the relation between hypomagnesemia (low Serum Mg level < 0.7 mmol/l) and diabetes. Objective: In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence of hypomagnesemia in a carefully diagnosed diabetes patients and to show how some factors could contribute to the prevalence of low serum Mg level among the population under study. Methods: In short, 62 patients of both type 1 and 2, who attended AL-Sadir medical city/diabetes and endocrinology centre during the period of the study were included in the study. A detailed history was taken and participants were informed verbally about the procedure of this study. Serum magnesium and creatinine were measured using standardized methods. Results: The overall prevalence of the hypomagnesemia, among diabetic population involved in this study, was 29.03 % and it was nearly similar in male (29.41 %) and female (28.57 %). The means(SD) of serum Mg level were similar in type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients. Other difference in prevalence among other characteristics has been reported. Within all participants, gender (r = -0.02), fasting blood glucose (r = -0.514) and metformin use (r = -0.014) were negatively correlated with serum Mg level, in contrast to other variables, which were positively correlated. While among type 1 DM, age (r= 0.193), serum creatinine (r= 0.031) and insulin use (r= 0.217) were positively correlated with serum Mg level. In contrast, others were negatively correlated. In type 2 DM, age (r = -0.283) and fasting blood glucose (r = -0.496) were negatively correlated with serum Mg level. On the other hand, other variables were positively correlated with serum Mg level. Conclusion: Hypomagnesemia prevalence was detected in nearly one-third of the diabetic population, which is quite high prevalence. Some factors have shown to play an essential role in this prevalence. A large study is warranted to address this issue.

Students' engagement in online learning is one of the ongoing challenges in most Saudi universities, which mainly concern about making them more independent and to take charge of their own decisions. Previous studies showed that traditional supervision faces several problems related to students' feelings of control that may occur when there is a limited clarification of the concept being studied. This study investigated the potential of using videoconferencing in supervision practices. Fifteen students were invited for an interview. The results showed that students' general perceptions of videoconferencing use were positive in which the majority of students were found to favor the use of videoconferencing as a supplement to the face-to-face approach. This study would provide insights on how teleconferencing related services can empower the current supervision practices through the use of structure and formed dialogues between students and supervisors. (C)2020 INT TRANS J ENG MANAG SCI TECH.

18Feb 2018 THE EFFECT OF CAMEL MILK WHEY PROTEINS ON LACTIC ACID BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM CAMEL AND COW MILKS IN EGYPT: A COMPARATIVE STUDY. Mariam Mohammed , Marwa H.El-Gendy , Aida S. Salem and Wafai Z. A. Mikhail. Animal Production Division, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt. Dairy Technology Department, Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt. Department of Natural Resources,Instituteof African Research and Studies, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.

The technological and safety properties of 35 indigenous strains of Enterococcus faecium isolated from two Egyptian cheeses were characterised in order to determine their ability for rational manufacture of diversified and typical dairy products in the Middle East. A great diversity was observed within the 35 strains on the basis of their technological properties. A statistical analysis made it possible to distribute the 35 strains of E. faecium into different groups. Three groups were identified in terms of their acidification activity, measured by the Cinac system: a group of strains that quickly acidified milk, a second that moderately acidified milk, and a last cluster that revealed weak acidification activity. On the basis of texturing properties that were evaluated using a texturometer and a viscometer, a cluster of strains produced viscous and firm gels, a second cluster included fairly viscous, firm and cohesive gels, and a last group generated slightly viscous, but firm and very cohesive gels. By considering the aroma profiles that were determined by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, four clusters were identified. One cluster displayed a high dimethyl disulfide level, a second group of strains was highly aromatic, a third cluster led to typical "lactic" products, and the last cluster made it possible to obtain low aromatic products. None of the 35 strains proved to be β-haemolytic on the basis of the characterisation of their safety properties. The resistance to 20 antibiotics was assessed by the disc diffusion method. The 35 isolates were sensitive to 12 antibiotics, and among them, one isolate was resistant to only two antibiotics (nalixidic acid and streptomycin). The resistance to eight antibiotics was strain-dependant. Finally, this study demonstrates that some indigenous strains of E. faecium displayed interesting technological properties for cheese manufacture, together with good safety characteristics. They could be useful for the manufacture of typical products in Egypt.

Samples of raw milk and traditional dairy products were collected from different rural areas in the Delta region. 170 isolates from these products were identified using repetitive genomic element-PCR (Rep-PCR) fingerprinting. The identified isolates were tested for efficiency of biomass production and separation, acidifying activity, autolytic and aminopeptidase properties, antagonistic activities and exopolysaccharide production. The obtained results revealed that the Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis, Lactobacillus fermentum, Enterococcus faecium Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus, Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis were the predominant species in Egyptian dairy products. Two percent of Lactococcus, 10% of Lactobacillus and 1% of Enterococcus isolates showed fast acidifying activity. Aminopeptidase and autolytic properties were generally higher for most Lactobacillus strains when compared to other strains. Among these species, lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei was the highest in Aminopeptidase activity and autolytic properties. Antagonistic activity was detected in 40% of Lactococcus, 70% of Lactobacillus and 50% of Enterococcus isolates. Some isolates produced exopolysaccharides in milk and dairy products.