© 2017 The Dougmar Publishing Group. Target of the study is increasingly coming into force within research, epidemiology, care organisation, and policy. Over the past 10-15 years the EU Report and reports within some countries have publicised problems of in men. A starting point for the study of men's is the defi nition of Men's Health. A group of German in the fi eld of men's has taken on this task. Methodology A review in international and national databases was performed for the years 1990-2014 by selected MeSH terms and for experts in men's health. Further research concerned literature in Germany, especially reports and web pages. This was followed by a conference of to defi ne Men's Health using a modifi ed Delphi method according to W. Zinn. From the expert group, minimum criteria for a defi nition of Men's Health, which must comply with the new defi nition of men's health, were created and discussed. The fi nal defi nition was created in the third round of the Delphi method. Results The international review yielded seven defi nitions of Men's Health in the English and fi ve defi nitions in the German including within the grey literature. The expert group identifi ed seven minimum criteria and fi fteen relevant topics that were needed for a strong defi nition, of which, by weighting, eight criteria were considered relevant for a new defi nition. None of the existing defi nitions could fulfi l these eight criteria. Therefore, in the next step of the expert group a new defi nition Men's Health was elaborated. The defi nition has reference to the WHO concept of health and includes dimensions of and disease, risk and protective factors that require special prevention and care services for all phases of life. All participants in the expert group agreed on the defi nition developed. Conclusions The defi nition of is a basis for further research and practice to improve men's in Germany and other countries.

Target of the study: Men´s Health is increasingly coming into force within health research, epidemiology, health care organisation, and health policy. Over the past 10-15 years the EU Men´s Health Report and reports within some countries have publicised problems of health in men. A starting point for the study of men´s health is the definition of “Men´s Health”. A group of German experts in the field of men´s health has taken on this task. Methodology: A literature review in international and national databases was performed for the years 1990-2014 by selected MeSH terms and for “experts in men´s health”. Further research concerned “grey literature” in Germany, especially health reports and web pages. This was followed by a conference of experts to define “Men´s Health” using a modified Delphi method according to W. Zinn. From the expert group, minimum criteria for a definition of “Men´s Health”, which must comply with the new definition of men´s health, were created and discussed. The final definition was created in the third round of the Delphi method. Results: The international literature review yielded seven definitions of “Men´s Health” in the English literature and five definitions in the German literature including within the “grey” literature. The expert group identified seven minimum criteria and fifteen relevant topics that were needed for a strong definition, of which, by weighting, eight criteria were considered relevant for a new definition. None of the existing definitions could fulfil these eight criteria. Therefore, in the next step of the expert group a new definition “Men´s Health” was elaborated. The definition has reference to the WHO concept of “health” and includes dimensions of health and disease, risk and protective factors that require special prevention and care services for all phases of life. All participants in the expert group agreed on the definition developed. Conclusions: The definition of Men´s Health is a basis for further research and practice to improve men´s health in Germany and other countries.

UNLABELLED:Target of the study: Men's Health is increasingly coming into focus of health research, epidemiology, health care organization, and health policy. Over the past 10-15 years have been published by some countries and the EU Men's Health reports where problems of health noted in men. Starting point for a scientific study of men's health is the definition of "Men's Health". A group of German experts in the field of men's health has taken on this task.METHODOLOGY:A literature review in international and national databases was performed for the years 1990-2014 by selected MeSH terms and for "experts for men's health". Another research concerned "gray literature" in Germany, especially health reports and web pages. This was followed by a conference of experts to define "Men's Health" using a modified Delphi method according to W. Zinn. From the expert group minimum criteria for a definition "Men's Health" were created and discussed, which must comply with the new definition of men's health. This definition was created in the third round of the Delphi method.RESULTS:The international literature review yielded 7 definitions of "Men's Health" in the English-speaking and 5 definitions in the German inkl. in the "gray" literature. Due to the developed by the Expert Group 7 minimum criteria 15 relevant topics were listed, of which by weighting 8 subject areas were considered relevant for a new definition. In comparison with the previous definitions none could fulfill these 8 criteria. Therefore, in the next step of the expert group a new definition "Men's Health" was elaborated. The definition has reference to the WHO concept of "health" and includes dimensions of health and disease, risk and protective factors that require special prevention and care services for all phases of life. All participants in the expert group agreed on the definition developed.CONCLUSIONS:The definition of Men's Health is a basis for further scientific work and practice to improve men's health in Germany and other countries.

This contribution traces the conditions surrounding the emergence and development of a new field of research since the millennium. It primarily presents research initiated by the Stuttgart Institute for the History of Medicine: starting with the (re)discovery of sources and the setting up of bodies of sources for a gender-sensitive, patient-oriented history of health (autobiographies, diaries, correspondence) it moves to issues such as health lifestyles, workers' masculinity, the use of medical services, health experiences during particular stages of life such as childhood or youth, as well as prevention, healthcare, mental health and the gender gap in life expectancy. In conclusion the article discusses possible theoretical frameworks and perspectives.

Ziel der Studie: Männergesundheit gerät immer stärker in den Fokus von Gesundheitsforschung, Epidemiologie, Gesundheitspflegeorganisation und Gesundheitspolitik. In den vergangenen 10–15 Jahren wurden von einigen Ländern und der EU Männergesundheitsberichte publiziert, in denen auf Probleme der Gesundheit beim Mann hingewiesen wurden. Ausgangspunkt für eine wissenschaftliche Untersuchung von Männergesundheit ist die Definition des Begriffs „Männergesundheit“. Eine Gruppe von deutschen Experten auf dem Gebiet von Männergesundheit hat sich dieser Aufgabe angenommen. Methodik: Eine Literaturrecherche in internationalen und nationalen Datenbanken erfolgte für die Jahre 1990–2014 nach ausgewählten MeSH Terms und nach „Experten für Männergesundheit“, nach „grauer Literatur“, in Gesundheitsberichten und Webseiten. Es folgte eine Expertenkonferenz zur Definitionsfindung mittels modifizierter Delphi Methode nach W. Zinn. Von der Expertengruppe wurden Mindestkriterien für eine Definition Männergesundheit erstellt und diskutiert, denen die neue Definition von Männergesundheit genügen muss. Daraus wurde in der dritten Runde schrittweise eine Definition erstellt. Ergebnisse: Die internationale Literaturrecherche ergab 7 Definitionen zu „Men’s Health“ in der englischsprachigen und 5 Definitionen in der deutschen inkl. in der „grauen“ Literatur. Aufgrund der von der Expertengruppe erarbeiteten 7 Mindestkriterien wurden 15 relevante Themengebiete gelistet, von denen durch Gewichtung 8 Themengebiete als relevant für eine neue Definition angesehen wurden. Im Abgleich mit den bisherigen Definitionen konnte keine diese 8 Kriterien erfüllen. Deshalb wurde im nächsten Arbeitsschritt von der Expertengruppe eine neue Definition Männergesundheit ausgearbeitet. Die Definition hat Bezug zum WHO-Begriff „Gesundheit“ und beinhaltet Dimensionen von Gesundheit und Krankheit, Risiko- und Schutzfaktoren, die spezielle Präventions- und Versorgungsangebote über alle Lebensphasen erfordern. Alle Teilnehmer der Expertengruppe stimmten der erarbeiteten Definition zu. Schlussfolgerung: Die Definition von Männergesundheit stellt eine Basis für weitere wissenschaftliche Arbeiten und die Praxis dar, um Männergesundheit in Deutschland und weiteren Ländern zu verbessern.