The application of point shear wave elastography (pSWE) in obstetrics gained popularity in examining the elasticity of the placenta and maternal tissues in high-risk pregnancies This study aimed to utilize pSWE to determine the elasticity values of these tissues in pregnant women with or without intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP), and to investigate its potential as a novel, non-invasive diagnostic approach beyond conventional methods. This prospective case-control study, conducted between February 2022 and June 2023, included 120 singleton pregnant women (60 with ICP and 60 body mass index [BMI]- and gestational age-matched healthy controls). All participants underwent B-mode ultrasonography, Doppler examination, and pSWE at 36 weeks of gestation in a single session. Placental (central and peripheral), fetal lung, and fetal liver stiffness values were measured, and the mean of ten valid measurements was used for analysis. Correlations between stiffness values and biochemical parameters were evaluated. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent predictors of ICP. Cases with ICP had a significantly higher mean stiffness value in both the peripheral (9.29 ± 2.45 kPa) and the central (9.03 ± 2.79 kPa) part of the placentas, fetal lung (10.86 ± 3.33 kPa), and fetal liver (4.85 ± 1.17 kPa) than those of the control cases (4.92 ± 2.26 kPa, 4.61 ± 2.11 kPa, 5.76 ± 2.62 kPa, and 3.81 ± 0.99 kPa, respectively, p < 0.001). There was a significant positive correlation between the mean elasticity values of the placenta, fetal lung, and fetal liver and AST, ALT, and TBA values at diagnosis, and a significant negative correlation between the mean elasticity values of the placenta, fetal lung, and fetal liver and the gestational week at diagnosis. We showed increased stiffness values on pSWE at the peripheral and central parts of the placenta, fetal lung, and fetal liver in ICP cases compared to healthy pregnancies. Also, higher stiffness values of the placenta and fetal organs were significantly and positively associated with AST, ALT, and TBA values at diagnosis, and significantly and negatively associated with the gestational week at diagnosis. The pSWE might provide evidence of histopathological findings in ICP.

Objective:To compare perioperative outcomes of emergency gynecologic surgeries performed during working hours and off-hours, and to evaluate temporal trends in surgical approach, particularly laparoscopy. Methods:This retrospective cohort study included patients who underwent emergency surgery for ovarian torsion, ovarian cyst rupture, or ruptured tubal ectopic pregnancy between January 1, 2020 and October 1, 2025 at a tertiary referral center. Patients were grouped according to surgical timing as working hours or off-hours. Demographic characteristics, surgical approach, operative time, hemoglobin decrease, transfusion requirement, hospital stay, intraoperative and postoperative complications, and reoperation were compared within each diagnostic group. Annual trends in surgical approach were also analyzed, and multivariable linear regression assessed the association of off-hours surgery with operative time and length of hospital stay. Results:A total of 386 patients were included: 69 with ovarian torsion, 77 with ovarian cyst rupture, and 240 with ruptured tubal ectopic pregnancy. Most procedures were performed during off-hours. In ovarian torsion and ovarian cyst rupture, perioperative outcomes were comparable between groups. In ruptured tubal ectopic pregnancy, operative time was longer during off-hours than during working hours and remained independently associated with off-hours surgery after adjustment, while hemoglobin decrease, transfusion requirement, hospital stay, complications, and reoperation rates were similar. The proportion of laparoscopic procedures increased from 17.9% in 2020 to 90.0% in the first 9 months of 2025. Conclusion:Off-hours emergency gynecologic surgery showed largely comparable outcomes to working-hours surgery. The marked shift toward laparoscopy suggests increasing integration of minimally invasive surgery into emergency gynecologic practice.

Objective:To compare the elastography score (ES) and strain ratio (SR) values in transperineal elastography according to the presence of stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Materials and methods:This retrospective descriptive study included 72 women who underwent transperineal ultrasonographic evaluations of pelvic floor function between January 2020 and April 2022. The study group consisted of 32 women with SUI, and the control group included 40 continent women. Elastography assessments were performed by a single experienced gynecologist using strain elastography focused on the puborectalis portion of the levator ani muscle. The ES was graded on a four-point scale (1 = soft, 4 = hard), and SR values were calculated automatically as the ratio of reference soft tissue to levator ani muscle strain (SR = B/A). Results:The number of vaginal deliveries was significantly higher in the SUI group (2.4 ± 1.3 vs. 1.3 ± 0.9, p = 0.001). ES values were significantly lower in the SUI group compared with the controls at rest (ES: 1.9 ± 0.8 vs. 2.5 ± 0.8, p = 0.002). SR values were significantly lower in the SUI group compared with the controls at rest (SR: 1.72 ± 0.43 vs. 2.15 ± 0.47, p = 0.001). ES values were significantly lower in the SUI group compared with the controls during the Valsalva maneuver (ES: 2.6 ± 0.6 vs. 3.2 ± 0.5, p = 0.001). SR values were significantly lower in the SUI group compared with the controls during the Valsalva maneuver (SR: 2.94 ± 0.53 vs. 3.79 ± 0.61, p = 0.001). Conclusion:Transperineal elastography demonstrated a significant reduction in levator ani muscle elasticity in women with SUI. These findings suggest that SUI is an anatomic disorder that involves biomechanical dysfunction of pelvic floor tissues. Transperineal elastography may serve as a noninvasive, reproducible, and objective tool for evaluating pelvic floor muscle function and monitoring treatment outcomes in clinical practice.

Purpose To compare body mass index (BMI) and abdominal subcutaneous fat thickness (ASFT) in predicting the success of oxytocin-induced labor and cumulative oxytocin requirement in term pregnancies. Methods We performed a prospective cohort study of 193 term singleton gravidas induced with oxytocin at a tertiary center in Turkey. ASFT was measured by standardized ultrasound before infusion. Primary outcomes were cumulative oxytocin dose and delivery mode; secondary outcomes included labor durations. Group comparisons used ANOVA/Kruskal–Wallis with post-hoc tests. Determinants of oxytocin dose and labor duration were analyzed by univariate and stepwise multivariable regression (p<0.05). Results Higher BMI was associated with longer first-stage and total labor (both p<0.001), without a significant difference in oxytocin dose across BMI groups. Increasing ASFT tertiles were associated with longer first-stage and total labor (both p<0.001). In univariate analyses, ASFT (β=1.73, p=0.001) and Bishop score=1 vs 0 (β=1.98, p=0.013) predicted higher oxytocin dose. In multivariable models, ASFT (β=1.59, p=0.002) and Bishop score=1 (β=2.84, p=0.008) independently predicted oxytocin dose (R²=0.09). For total labor duration, the multivariable model identified active-phase duration (β=0.80, p<0.001), BMI (β=11.51, p<0.001), oxytocin dose (β=4.88, p=0.008), amniotomy (β=38.25, p=0.013), and parity (β=-14.56, p=0.002) as significant (R²=0.49). Neonatal Apgar scores were similar across groups. Conclusions Both BMI and ASFT relate to prolonged labor, but ASFT is an independent predictor of cumulative oxytocin requirement, whereas BMI is not. Incorporating ASFT—alongside cervical status—may improve individualized induction planning, particularly in populations with high obesity prevalence. Prospective multicenter studies are warranted.

Objectives: To compare perioperative outcomes and learning curves of robotic hysterectomy and transvaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (V-NOTES) hysterectomy performed for benign gynecological conditions in a high-volume tertiary center. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 100 patients who underwent either robotic hysterectomy (n = 44) or V-NOTES hysterectomy (n = 56) between January 2024 and July 2025. Demographic data, perioperative parameters, and postoperative outcomes were collected. Learning curves were analyzed using cumulative sum (CUSUM) and quadratic regression models. Results: A total of 100 patients were included (44 robotic, 56 V-NOTES). Baseline demographics were comparable between groups. The postoperative hemoglobin decrease was significantly lower in the robotic group (0.96 ± 0.64 g/dL vs. 1.33 ± 0.93 g/dL, p < 0.05), whereas uterine weight was higher in the V-NOTES cohort (182.6 ± 125.9 vs. 123.2 ± 60.4 g, p < 0.05). Complication rates, including three bladder injuries in the V-NOTES group and one in the robotic group, showed no significant difference. Hospital stay was similar across groups. Conclusions: Both techniques are safe and effective. Robotic hysterectomy offers shorter operative time and less blood loss, while V-NOTES provides cosmetic and recovery advantages. Learning curve analysis indicates a longer adaptation period for V-NOTES, with anterior colpotomy as the most critical step, whereas robotic hysterectomy demonstrates a shorter and more straightforward learning process.

Objective: To investigate the results of patients who underwent amniocentesis. Methods: Information about patients who underwent amniocentesis between May 2021 and May 2022 at the perinatology department of training and research hospital was obtained from the database and evaluated. The demographic characteristics of the patients, indications for amniocentesis, and clinical results of the procedures were also evaluated. Maternal age, gestational age at the time of amniocentesis, amniocentesis indication, and karyotyping results were reviewed and analyzed. Results: A total of 579 patients were included in the study. The mean ages of the patients and weeks of gestation at the time of the procedure were 32.28 (minimum 17, maximum 50) and 16.32 (minimum 14, maximum 32), respectively. Amniocentesis was most frequently performed in our clinic, with an indication for increased risk according to the dual screening test. Clear chromosome analysis could not be performed using the quantitative fluorescent polymerase chain reaction method in 17 patients, and 38 patients had an abnormal result for long-term cell culture. Conclusion: Amniocentesis is a frequently used fetal invasive karyotyping procedure. Amniocentesis indications are increasing with the progress of prenatal diagnosis. It is a relatively safe procedure when performed by experienced hands.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the acute effects of motor imagery-based physical activity on maternal well-being, maternal blood pressure, heart rate, oxygen saturation, fetal heart rate, and uterine contractions in women with high-risk pregnancies. Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted in Izmir Tepecik Education and Research Hospital from August 2023 to January 2024. Seventy-six women with high-risk pregnancies were randomized into two groups: a motor imagery group (n = 38, diaphragmatic-breathing exercise and motor imagery-based physical activity) and a control group (n = 38, diaphragmatic-breathing exercise). Maternal well-being was determined using the Numerical Rating Scale-11. Digital sphygmomanometry was used to measure maternal heart rate and blood pressure, pulse oximetry for oxygen saturation, and cardiotocography for fetal heart rate and uterine contractions. Assessments were performed pre-intervention, mid-intervention, and post-intervention. Results: There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics between groups (P > 0.05). There was a significant main effect of time in terms of maternal well-being and maternal heart rate (P = 0.001 and P = 0.015). In addition, there was a significant main effect of the group on oxygen saturation (P = 0.025). The overall group-by-time interaction was significant for maternal well-beingm with an effect size of 0.05 (P = 0.041). Conclusion: The combination of diaphragmatic-breathing exercises and a motor imagery-based physical activity program in women with high-risk pregnancies was determined to have no adverse effects on the fetus, did not induce uterine contractions, and resulted in a significant improvement in maternal well-being and oxygen saturation. Thus, imagery-based physical activity can be used in high-risk pregnancies where physical activity and exercise are not recommended.

Introduction: Fetal cardiac tumors are rare and generally have a good prognosis depending on location and size. Objective: To examine perinatal and postnatal outcomes along with ultrasound and genetic findings of fetal cardiac rhabdomyoma. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in a single tertiary center. Ten prenatally diagnosed cases of fetal cardiac rhabdomyoma were included in the study. The data obtained included maternal characteristics, gestational age at diagnosis, echocardiographic features including tumor size, number and location, other antenatal ultrasound findings, genetic and pathological examinations, gestational age at birth, neonatal outcomes, and postnatal long-term outcomes. Results: In half of the cases (five), multiple tumors were detected sonographically. Tumor sizes ranged from 5 to 38 millimeters (mm). Four (40%) of the cases had additional cardiac anomalies such as right ventricular hypoplasia, left ventricular hypoplasia and pericardial effusion. Additionally, hydrops fetalis was detected in three (30%) cases. One case died at 26 weeks gestation. One case was terminated at the request of the family due to the detection of a mutation in the tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) gene. Hydrops fetalis was significantly more common in the ex-fetal- neonatal group (60% vs. 0%; p=0.038). The TSC gene mutation was not associated with fetal and neonatal deaths. TSC gene mutation was detected in 4 of the cases (40%) and there was a family history in one of these cases (25%). Conclusion: Fetal cardiac rhabdomyomas can cause prenatal and postnatal deaths due to heart failure. Furthermore, fetal rhabdomyomas are associated with TSC regardless of family history.

Introducción. Los tumores cardíacos fetales son poco frecuentes y generalmentetienen un buen pronóstico dependiendo de la localización y el tamaño. Objetivo.Examinar los resultados perinatales y posnatales junto con los hallazgos ecográficosy genéticos del rabdomioma cardíaco fetal. Métodos. Este estudio de cohortesretrospectivo se realizó en un único centro terciario. Se incluyeron en el estudiodiez casos diagnosticados prenatalmente de rabdomioma cardíaco fetal. Los datosobtenidos incluyeron las características maternas, la edad gestacional en el momentodel diagnóstico, las características ecocardiográficas incluidos el tamaño, el númeroy la ubicación del tumor, otros hallazgos ecográficos prenatales, los exámenesgenéticos y patológicos, la edad gestacional al nacer, los resultados neonatales ylos resultados posnatales a largo plazo. Resultados. En la mitad de los casos (cinco)se detectaron ecográficamente múltiples tumores. Los tamaños de los tumoresoscilaron entre 5 y 38 milímetros (mm). Cuatro (40%) de los casos presentabananomalías cardíacas adicionales, como hipoplasia del ventrículo derecho, hipoplasiadel ventrículo izquierdo y derrame pericárdico. Además, se detectó hidropesíafetal en tres (30%) casos. Un caso falleció en la semana 26 de gestación. Un caso seinterrumpió a petición de la familia debido a la detección de una mutación en el gendel complejo de esclerosis tuberosa (CET). La hidropesía fetal fue significativamentemás frecuente en el grupo con muertes fetales y neonatales (60% frente a 0%;p=0.038). La mutación del gen CET no se asoció con muertes fetales y neonatales.La mutación del gen TSC fue detectada en 4 de los casos (40%) y había antecedentesfamiliares en uno de estos casos (25%). Conclusiones. Los rabdomiomas cardíacosfetales pueden causar muerte prenatal y posnatal por insuficiencia cardíaca.Además, los rabdomiomas fetales se asocian con CET independientemente de losantecedentes familiares.

This study was aimed at exploring the immediate impacts of pelvic floor muscle exercises (PFMEs) on various maternal physiological parameters in pregnant women. The study included a total of 52 women, 26 pregnant (Pregnant group: 28.04±6.01 years; 26.83±3.81 kg/m2) and 26 nonpregnant (Control group: 29.42±5.73 years; 25.41±3.03 kg/m2) individuals. All women received PFME as follows: PFME was performed for 5 min (6-s holding contraction, 10 s of relaxation, 3 rapid PFM contractions). Evaluations were conducted before, immediately after, and 5 min post-exercise, with measurements including inferior vena cava (IVC) diameters and pulsatility index, blood pressure, oxygen saturation, and heart rates. Two-way analysis of variance was performed for group and time comparisons in repeated measurements. In both groups, the IVC collapsibility index values were lower 5 min after exercise, although this decrease, although clinically significant, did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.057). Post-exercise systolic blood pressure significantly decreased in both groups, whereas diastolic blood pressure decreased significantly in the pregnant group (p = 0.001, p = 0.023). The study found no statistically significant changes in the collapsibility index of the IVC after PFME but observed a clinically suggestive decrease. The clinical decrease in the collapsibility index can be interpreted as PFME in the supine position increasing venous return. Additionally, PFME was found not to alter maternal and fetal heart rates but contributed to the decrease in maternal systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Our study supports the view that the acute effects of PFME neither induce fetal stress nor pose maternal risks.

Purpose This study aims to investigate placental and fetal lung stiffness in pregnant women with and without gestational diabetes, considering the well-established delay in fetal lung maturation associated with gestational diabetes. Materials and Methods This prospective cohort study was conducted at a tertiary center and included pregnant women who underwent a 75-gram oral glucose tolerance test between 24-28 weeks of gestation. Elastography measurements were performed using point shear wave elastography (pSWE). Results The study included 60 pregnant women diagnosed with gestational diabetes and 60 pregnant women in the control group. The SWE velocity of the peripheral placenta, central placenta, and lung was higher in the gestational diabetes group compared to the control group. Furthermore, the SWE velocity of the peripheral placenta, central placenta, and lung was higher in newborns with neonatal respiratory morbidity. Based on the ROC analysis of patients with gestational diabetes, the AUC for lung SWE velocity was 0.88 (cut-off 12.4 kPa, 95% CI: 0.77-0.99, p<0.001) with a sensitivity of 71.4% and specificity of 95.6% for predicting neonatal respiratory morbidity. Conclusion Fetal placental and lung stiffness increase in fetuses of pregnant women with diabetes. Moreover, higher fetal lung stiffness during the fetal period is associated with increased neonatal respiratory morbidity.

Objective: To compare the age -specific clinical features of molar pregnancy and to describe the risk factors associated with this situation. Method : This retrospective case -control study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey. The participants included both adolescents (<= 19 years) and adults with histologically confirmed hydatidiform moles in our institution between January 2015 and January 2022. The interventions and main outcome measures of this study involved evaluating the clinical and ultrasonographic features, as well as the risk factors, associated with molar pregnancies in adolescents. Results : This study of 137 patients with molar pregnancy found that adults had a higher incidence of partial molar pregnancy (20 patients versus seven patients) and lower beta-hCG levels than adolescents (176.890.71 mIU/ml versus 253.734.47 mIU/ml). Adolescents had a higher likelihood of hyperthyroidism (25.4% versus 9.2%). bleeding on admission (4.2% versus 1.51%),. longer hospital stays (5.44 +/- 2.73 days versus 3.59 +/- 3.08 days). Higher rates of uterine enlargement and postoperative bleeding (15.5% versus 1.5%). Adolescents also required more analgesia (97% versus 89.4%). Conclusions: A dolescents with Gestational trophoblastic diseases (GTD) may present with more severe symptoms compared to adults, which can lead to delayed diagnosis and treatment. Further research is needed to better understand the underlying mechanisms and risk factors for GTDs in this population. Increased awareness and education can help improve recognition and management of GTDs in adolescents and improve their overall health outcomes.

The purpose of the research is to assess the risk factors that contribute to the recurrence of International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) 2023 stage IA2 endometrial cancer (EC) patients. The study was conducted by examining stage IA2 patients who underwent surgery for EC in the gynecological oncology clinic between 2008-2022. Study data were collected by retrospective evaluation. A total of 185 patients, 37 with recurrence and 148 in the control group, were included in the study. In the study, the recurrence rate among all stage IA2 EC was found to be 3.9%. The mean age was similar between the groups. Grade 2 tumors were found in 73.0% of patients in the case group and 34.5% in the control group. Tumor size was larger in the case group. Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) value was significantly higher in the case group. Adjuvant radiotherapy was given to 42.6% of patients in the control group and 59.5% in the case group. The nomogram's score was assessed for disease-free survival (DFS) using Concordance Correlation Coefficient analysis. The Concordance index (Cindex) for the nomogram was 0.903. When 5-year DFS times were analyzed according to total nomogram score, a significant difference was found. Grade 2 tumor classification, negative estrogen receptor status, elevated cancer antigen 125 (CA125) levels (>35), large tumor size (>= 3.0 cm) and high NLR (>= 1.9) are identified as significant risk factors for recurrence in early-stage (IA2) and low-Grade EC patients. The total score derived from the nomogram constructed with these risk factors shows a notable variation in DFS.

Aim There are studies showing that acquiring Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) while pregnant might cause vascular damage, affect uterine blood circulation, and worsen pregnancy outcomes. In this study, we looked at the first-trimester placental development and pregnancy outcomes in people who conceived after getting better from COVID-19. We also looked into the durability of the COVID-19's effects on pregnancy. Matherials and Methods This prospective case-control study investigates placental volume and uterine artery Doppler flow differences in pregnant women with COVID-19 exposure within a year prior to pregnancy versus healthy pregnant controls. Result In a study involving 50 patients and 50 controls, it was discovered that demographic traits like age, birth rate, and body mass index were comparable. There were statistically insignificant slight differences in these results when different outcomes, including as oligohydramnios, preterm, preeclampsia, and intrauterine growth retardation, were studied. While birth weight revealed similarity between the two groups, placental volume and uterine artery Doppler results did not reveal any appreciable variations. Conclusion No distinction between the groups' placental or Doppler readings was found in the investigation that was completed. This work has helped identify the impacts of COVID-19 contracted prior to pregnancy on gestation, whereas previous study has mainly focused on the impact of COVID-19 infected during pregnancy.

Aim: The fetal effects of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-COV-2) infection have been the subject of controversy since the beginning of the pandemic. We aimed to investigate the effect of SARS-COV-2 infection on fetal Doppler parameters. Material and Methods: This prospective case-control study was conducted at İzmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital between September 1, 2021, and June 1, 2022, on pregnant women confirmed to have SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR testing. Pregnant women who had mild to moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection during pregnancy were compared with a control group of pregnant women not infected with the COVID-19 virus. All Doppler and fetal biometry ultrasound assessments between 34 and 37 weeks of gestation were performed in our unit. Results: Pregnant women infected and not infected with COVID-19 were demographically homogeneous. When the groups were compared in terms of fetal Doppler parameters, including left and right uterine artery (UtA) pulsatility index (PI), middle cerebral artery (MCA) PI, and systolic/diastolic ratio (S/D), as well as umbilical artery (UA) S/D and PI, no statistically significant difference was observed (p>0.05). Conclusion: We consider that mild to moderate COVID-19 does not affect Doppler ultrasound parameters and fetal well-being during pregnancy.

Objective: The aim of this study is to examine whether there is a synergistic relationship between the diaphragm and pelvic floor muscles (PFM) in pregnant women. Material and Methods: Our study was carried out as a cross-sectional study in primigravid pregnants in the second and third trimesters. Superficial electromyography (EMG), 2D/3D ultrasonography (USG), pulmonary function test (PFT), PERFECT, maximum expiratory pressure (MEP) and inspiratory pressure (MIP) measurements were used to evaluate pelvic floor and diaphragm muscle functions during pregnancy. Mann-Whitney U test was used to show the change in the second and third trimesters, and Spearman correlation was used to determine the relationship. Results: No correlation was found between the EMG data of the PFM and diaphragm, or between the USG data of the PFM and diaphragm in all participants, in the second and third trimesters. In the third trimester of the study, diaphragmatic thickness and levator hiatal area (LHA) decreased and both diaphragm and PFM % MVC EMG parameters increased. In the third trimester, FVC, MIP, MEP decreased, and nonsignificant increase in FEV1, FEV1/FVC and peak ekspiratuar flow(PEF) were detected. A significant correlation was found between pelvic floor levator hiatal area USG and FEV1/FVC in both trimesters (r: 0,577p: 0,004). Conclusion: There may be a synergistic relationship between the diaphragm and PFM in pregnant women, the relationship may weaken as pregnancy progresses, and there may be no coactivation relationship between the two muscles. In order to prevent the occurrence of pelvic floor dysfunction during pregnancy and to increase the effect of rehabilitation programs, the relationship between the diaphragm and the PFM should be determined and more studies should be conducted.

The study’s aim is to define among a group of ultrasonographic cervical measurements a candidate parameter predictive of successful of induction of labor in term pregnancies with unfavorable cervix. This prospective observational study included 141 pregnant women at term with an unfavorable cervix (Bishop score ≤ 6). All patients underwent clinical and ultrasonographic cervical evaluation before dinoprostone induction. Pre-induction cervical assessments included the Bishop score, cervical length, cervical volume, uterocervical angle, and cervical elastographic parameters. Vaginal delivery (VD) was accepted as successful dinoprostone induction. Multivariate logistic regression was conducted to identify the potential risk factors significantly associated with CS while controlling for possible confounding variables. The vaginal delivery rate was 74% (n = 93) and the cesarean section (CS) rate was 26% (n = 32). Sixteen patients who had a cesarean section due to fetal distress before the active phase of labor were excluded from the study. The mean induction-to-delivery interval was 1176.1 ± 352 (540–2150) for VD and 1359.4 ± 318.4 (780–2020) for CS (p = 0.01). Bishop score was lower in women with cesarean section (p = 0.002). When both groups were compared in terms of delivery type, no difference was found between cervical elastography values, cervical volume, cervical length, and uterocervical angle measurements. Multivariable logistic regression model failed to show significant differences between cervical elastography values, cervical volume, cervical length, and uterocervical angle measurements. Cervical length, cervical elastography, cervical volume, and uterocervical angle measurements did not provide a clinically useful prediction of outcomes following labor induction in our study group with unfavorable cervix. Cervical length measurements significantly predicted the time interval from induction to delivery.

OBJECTIVE:The aim of our study was to analyze the effect of ATP on possible ovarian damage of 5-FU in rats.METHODS:The animals were divided to three groups; healthy group (HG), 5-FU alone group (FUG) and ATP+5-FU administered group (AFU). The ATP 4 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally (IP) into the AFU group. The same volume of saline (0.9% NaCl) as the solvent was administered intraperitoneally to the HG and FUG groups. One hour after administering ATP and solvent, 5-FU 100 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally to the animals in the AFU and FUG groups. ATP was administered to the animals once a day for 10 days. On the 1st, 3rd and 5th days of 5-FU, one dose (total of 3 doses) was administered. On day 10, the animals were euthanasia with high-dose anaesthesia and ovarian tissues were removed. The removed ovaries were analyzed biochemically andhistopathological.RESULT:ATP significantly suppressed both the increase in MDA and IL-6 levels, and the decrease in tGSH, SOD and CAT levels. Treatment with ATP significantly suppressed the severe vacuolization and primordial follicle degeneration induced by 5-FU in our study.CONCLUSION:ATP was possible to be useful for the treatment of 5-FU-induced ovarian damage.

Objective: The aim of this study was to research the pregnancy outcomes of women with anti-beta2 glycoprotein 1 and anti-cardiolipin antibody positivity and to determine the association with pregnancy morbidity. Materials and methods: This retrospective study contained pregnant women with anti-beta2 glycoprotein 1 and anti-cardiolipin antibody positivity and a control group without these antibodies. Totally 190 serum samples sent from Obstetrics and Gynecology clinics between January 2019 and January 2023 were analyzed in the medical microbiology laboratory of xx. Results: In a patient population separated into antibody-positive and antibody-negative groups, the gravida was found to be 3.8±0.1 and 3.5±0.3 respectively (p=0.333). Parity was 1.1±0.1 and 0.8±0.1 (p=0.071), abortion rates were 2.3±0.1 and 2.5±0.2 (p=0.659), and gestational age was 35.7±0.8 and 34±1.5 (p=0.047). Intrauterine fetal death was found to be higher in the antibody-positive group compared to the antibody-negative group (p=0.03). There was no noteworthy distinction noted between the two groups regarding additional pregnancy complications such as intrauterine growth restriction, oligohydramnios, gestational diabetes, and gestational hypertension (respectively p=0.623, 0.074, 0.312, 0.626). However, smoking was significantly higher in the antibody-positive group (p=0.049). Conclusion: Antiphospholipid syndrome adversely affects pregnancy outcomes. During the initial visit, a thorough patient history should be obtained, and in pregnant women with a history of poor obstetric outcomes or habitual abortions, this syndrome should be considered.

Objective: The management and surgery of placenta previa describe a challenging process that requires experience. It is important to decide on the timing of planned cesarean section in women with placenta previa, taking into account the balance between possible maternal severe bleeding and possible neonatal morbidities. Material and methods: In the present study, the data of 349 singleton pregnant women with a diagnosis of placenta previa uncomplicated by placenta accreta spectrum were analyzed. Patients who underwent planned (68%, n=236) or emergency cesarean section (32%, n=113) were divided into two groups. In this study, maternal demographic and clinical information, surgical procedures and maternal/neonatal outcomes were studied. Results: The proportion of patients who underwent uterine compression suture and Bakri balloon was found to be significantly higher in the emergency cesarean section group compared to the planned cesarean deliveries group (p<0.001). The operation time, hospital stay, urinary tract infection rate, decrease in hemoglobin and need for blood transfusion were found to be significantly higher in the emergency cesarean section group compared to the planned cesarean section group (p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, respectively). In addition, a significant association was detected between emergency cesarean section and prematurity, low birth weight, low APGAR score, increased neonatal intensive care unit hospitalization and neonatal mortality. Conclusion: Cases of placenta previa are at risk of emergency cesarean delivery, which can be complicated by poor maternal and neonatal outcomes. Equipped centers and experienced teams are of great importance in reducing fetomaternal morbidity and mortality caused by placenta previa.