A magnetotelluric survey was conducted to map the lateral variation of resistivity with depth along ~9 km profiles across seven known hot springs of Sri Lanka for locating thermal waters within deep faults or hot dry rock that would help geothermal energy development. Data show three regions with resistivity less than 10 Ωm, two the vicinity of Kinniya hot spring, at depths ~1.5 and 2 km, and one at Kapurella at ~500 m. All three regions have 2D cross sections of a few hundred square metres. Three more regions with lower resistivity, 10 - 100 Ωm, were located at depths beyond 10 km at Padiyatalawa, Mahaoya and Kinniya. Their cross sectional extent is limited to a few square kilometres. It is known that optimum geothermal sources at the spring sites can be lateral to the MT traverses, and that 3D MT surveys should be undertaken to locate the most favourable geothermal reservoirs. Though the larger detected sources are outside the economic depth of exploitation, results show their association with hot springs, which means under favourable connectivity and/or with induced hydrofracturing, extraction of thermal water could be achieved at shallower depths.

We calculate the spallative production of light ele- ments associated with the explosion of an isolated supernova in the interstellar medium, using a time-dependent model taking into account the dilution of the ejected enriched material and the adiabatic energy losses. We first derive the injection function of energetic particles (EPs) accelerated at both the forward and the reverse shock, as a function of time. Then we calculate the Be yields obtained in both cases and compare them to the value im- plied by the observational data for metal-poor stars in the halo of our Galaxy, using both O and Fe data. We find that none of the processes investigated here can account for the amount of Be found in these stars, which confirms the analytical results of Parizot & Drury (1999). We finally analyze the consequences of these results for Galactic chemical evolution, and suggest that a model involving superbubbles might alleviate the energetics problem in a quite natural way.

We present the results of simulations of the develop- ment of the Kelvin-Helmholtz (KH) instability in a cooled, slab symmetric system. The parameters were chosen to approximate thephysicalconditionstypicallyfoundinjetsfromyoungstellar objects (YSOs). The effect of different methods of maintaining the initial equilibrium were examined for varying density. In addition, the effect of adjusting the width of the shear layer be- tween the jet and ambient material was studied and found not to have signicant long-term effects on the development of the instability. We nd that, in general, cooling acts to { increase the level of mixing between jet and ambient ma- terial through the 'breaking' of KH induced waves on the surface of the jet { increase the amount of momentum transferred from jet ma- terial to ambient material { increase the time taken for shocks to develop in the flow { reduce the strength of these shocks { reduce the rate of decollimation of momentum flux Therstandsecondoftheseresultsappeartocontradictthecon- clusions of Rossi et al. (1997) who carried out a similar study to ours but in cylindrical symmetry. It is found, however, that the differences between slab and cylindrical symmetry, while insignicant in the linear regime, explain the apparent discrep- ancy between our results and those of Rossi et al. (1997) in the non-linear regime.

The Galactic secondary cosmic ray anti-proton (p) flux calculated with different propagation models is fairly consistent with data, and the associated propagation uncertainty is small. This is not the case for any p exotic component of the dark matter halo (see also the companion paper; Maurin et al. 2006). Detailed propagation models are mandatory if the ultimate goal is to explain an excess. However, simpler and faster approximate formulae for p are an attractive alternative to quickly check that a given dark matter model is not inconsistent with the p observed flux. This paper provides such formulae. In addition, they could be used to put constraints on new physics in this channel, where an extensive scan of a large parameter space could otherwise be quite expensive in computer ressources.

Scientific abstract (changed from pre-proposal): Continental collision is a poorly understood fundamental plate-tectonic process, especially in complex,three-dimensional areas. Advances in understandingwill only come,through multi- disciplinary projects on carefully chosen areas. In particular, competing models of lithospheric recycling are poorly distinguished based on extant geoscientific data. Models of delamination will be examined in one of the world’s most appropriate natural laboratories, the western Mediterranean, by a consortium comprising a multi-disciplinary team of scientists from Europe, the U.S.A. and Morocco. This proposal is for involvement of Irish- based scientists and students in this major geoscientific endeavour, accepted as a pilot project for both EuroArray and Topo-Europe. Laymans’s abstract (changed from pre-proposal): How does the Earth work? This question is at the heart of the PICASSO project, which is to determine how continents collide in a project area on Europe’s own doorstep, namely the western Mediterranean. The plate tectonic model, a wonderful general descriptor of our planet, poorly explains the observations made in the project area of complex geometries and structures. One particularly inadequately known,process is how material is recycled from the surface back into the mantle. A large international team of scientists, from Europe, USA and Morocco, will tackle this problem through a multi-disciplinary geoscientific study.