A panoramic overview of French in North America (and related creoles) reveals a complex interaction ofvectors characterizing both globalization and localization. Though globalization threatens the preservation of local linguacultural integrity, it can be harnessed as a potential solution to that same threat (howbeit partial) by resorting to planned international immigration in orderto swell local ranks offranco-phones throughout Canada, by recruiting an international francophone teachingcorps to raise up the next generation offrancophones in Louisiana, or by usingthe same democratized media facilitating globalization itself to commoditize and broadcast local legacy language and culture to an unbounded audience. However, whether in Ontario, Acadia, Louisiana, or Maine, globalization used as a method for preserving French seems to come with a price, namelythe devernacularization of legacy French and its potential replacement with a different French. Conversely, though unplanned, when felicitous vectors merge, globalization becomes the agent leading to the creation ofa localized French (or Haitian Creole) space where previously there had been little awareness of one, as in New York City and Florida. The most recent figures available (at the time of writing, May 2024) for the relevant populations offrancophones and creolophones are provided.

Augmenting the author’s prior research on lyrical code-switching, as presented in Picone, “Artistic Codemixing”, published in 2002, various conceptual frameworks are made explicit, namely the enlistment of multimodal and intertextual approaches for their methodological usefulness in analyzing and interpreting message-making that incorporates lyrical code-switching as one of its components. Conceived as a bipolarity, the rooted (or local) and the transcendent (or global), each having advantages in the negotiation of identity, is also applied to the analysis. New departures include the introduction of the notion of “curated lyrical code-switching” for the purpose of analyzing songs in which multiple performers are assigned lyrics in different languages, as a function of their respective proficiencies, as curated by the person or persons having authorial agency and taking stock of the social semiotics relevant to the anticipated audience. Moving beyond the negotiation of the identity of the code-switching composer or performer, in another new departure, attention is paid to the musical identity of the listener. As a reflection of the breadth of lyrical code-switching, a rich assortment of examples draws from the musical art of Beyoncé, Jon Batiste, Stromae, Shakira, BTS, NewJeans, Indigenous songsmiths, Cajun songsmiths, Latin Pop and Hip-Hop artists, songs composed for international sports events, and other sources.

Editorial| February 01 2022 Just What is "American Speech" Anyway? Michael D. Picone Michael D. Picone University of Alabama michael d. picone is emeritus professor of linguistics and French at the University of Alabama, where he taught for 32 years, after earning his doctorate at the Sorbonne. His research has encompassed a variety of topics, beginning with neological tendencies in Metropolitan French, then expanding to include contemporary and historical investigations of Francophone Louisiana, general configurations and contact among languages and dialects in the Gulf South, and most recently the interaction of language and visuals. Email: . Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google American Speech (2022) 97 (1): 5–30. https://doi.org/10.1215/00031283-9616164 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Twitter Permissions Search Site Citation Michael D. Picone; Just What is "American Speech" Anyway?. American Speech 1 February 2022; 97 (1): 5–30. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/00031283-9616164 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search Books & JournalsAll JournalsAmerican Dialect SocietyAmerican Speech Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Copyright 2022 by the American Dialect Society2022 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal Issue Section: Editorials You do not currently have access to this content.

Reviewed by: L'adjectif en français et sa définition lexicographique par Paolo Frassi Michael D. Picone Frassi, Paolo. L'adjectif en français et sa définition lexicographique. Peter Lang, 2018. ISBN 978-30-3433-394-8. Pp. 263. The specialized reader adhering to the Théorie Sens-Texte (Meaning-Text Theory) school of linguistics, most closely associated with Igor Mel' uk since its founding in the early 1960s, will find much satisfaction in Frassi's lexicographic reexamination of the French adjective, using it as a kind of TST proving ground, resulting in a normalized and simplified presentation of the adjectival part of speech when reconceptualized in conformity with the TST framework. The challenge that Frassi has taken on as a test case is at hand because the definitional constraining of the adjective is less straightforward than that of the noun or the verb, owing to the fact that the adjective does not lend itself transparently to the Aristotelian model of organizing the observable and experiential parts of our world into discrete entities in a kind of hierarchy. Applying the model of genre prochain (closest genus) and différences spécifiques, the lexicographer arrives at a ready definition of the noun renard by positing the hyperonyme (the lexicographic equivalent of the genre prochain), in this instance mammifère carnivore (canidé), and then adding a sufficient number of différences spécifiques, in this instance aux oreilles droites, à la tête triangulaire assez effilée, à la queue touffue, au pelage fourni, in order to constrain the targeted entity and contrast it (in the Saussurean sense) visà-vis all other comparable entities. As Frassi explains, however, modern lexicographers have abandoned this definitional structure when it comes to the adjective, in recognition [End Page 282] of the fact that it is a part of speech that functions differently than the noun. To exemplify, it would constitute a misconstrual to begin the definition for froid with the noun température as a hypernym. Although it can be substantivized, froid is fundamentally a part of speech functioning as a modifier and its primary definition must reflect this and give implicit recognition to the presence of the modified nom recteur (head noun). However, the nom recteur could be virtually anything and, consequently, must be left vacant in the ensuing definitional paraphrase: Qui est à une température sensiblement plus basse que celle du corps humain. For Frassi, such paraphrasing lacks formal rigor. Regardless of the category—adjectifs qualificatifs (froid), adjectifs de relation (présidentiel), adjectifs verbaux et déverbaux (effrayant, endormi)—by resorting to TST categories, he mirrors the hierarchical arrangement of the genre prochain and différences spécifiques by recasting all adjectival definitions as being composed of a composante centrale and a composante périphérique. Returning to the example of froid: CC = [X] qui a une température; CP (de polarité) = inférieure à la moyenne. For the lay reader, some of Frassi's argumentation may seem laborious and, at times, repetitive, but it is fascinating at the outset to learn that something that we now take for granted—namely that nouns and adjectives constitute two different parts of speech—was conceived of quite differently by our predecessors, for reasons alluded to above, and that the adjective was not fully emancipated from the category of the noun until the mid-eighteenth century. Michael D. Picone University of Alabama Copyright © 2020 American Association of Teachers of French

Reviewed by: Remade in France: Anglicisms in the Lexicon and Morphology of French by Valérie Saugera Michael D. Picone Saugera, Valérie. Remade in France: Anglicisms in the Lexicon and Morphology of French. Oxford UP, 2017. ISBN 9780190625542. Pp. xv + 205. Based on its frequent appearance on products in France—and, figuratively, in French media and advertising—the international Anglicism made in, conjoined with USA / France / Europe / Moscou / space / tricot ad infinitum, lends itself to an apt riff for a book title prefiguring two of the unifying themes of this study. First, the profusion of uninflected Anglicisms in French (citing journalistic examples culled from an exhaustive online search of all issues of the neologically-friendly daily Libération in 2010) does not announce the impending collapse of the integrity of the French morphological system—contrary opinions of some pundits notwithstanding—but rather corresponds to a well-circumscribed subsystem consistent with French usage. Secondly, though increasingly profuse, most journalistic Anglicisms, whether words or phrases, are actually fleeting devices for purposes of local-color allusions, style, stance, or humor, usually time-sensitive, leaving only a very small minority destined to have any permanence. Those that do will inevitably take on a life of their own in French due to differing sociocultural context and creative departures. Serving as a poster-Anglicism is people (117–20, 140, 168–69). A probable reduction of English the beautiful people, the now frequent people, sometimes graphologically assimilated (pipeule, pipole), has filled an available lexical slot in French to indicate celebrities of notoriety in the heavily mediatized world of entertainment gossip. Unlike English, French people can be used not only as a cumulative or plural reference but also to designate one individual, and lends itself to improvised derivations (pipeulaire, peoplisation, peoplelisé). Though a noun, it can be recruited to function adjectivally (la presse people). This last example, [End Page 205] however, points to a growing phenomenon of considerable import that has not been developed by Saugera and that compromises somewhat the assurances that English is having no lasting morphosyntactic impact on French. It can be demonstrated that such [noun + noun] constructions, incorporating an ellipsis of the representation of subordination joining the two nouns, have been given a boost, in part, by virtue of contact with English (Anglicisms, Neologisms and Dynamic French, Picone, 1996). This one lacuna notwithstanding, Saugera reasons insightfully to decode the behavior of Anglicisms. Indeed, in a globalized environment thick with Anglicisms, some knowledge of their use is now essential for any educated consumer of French culture, and this is one of the reasons that this book can be recommended to a wide spectrum of readers, both professionals and casual observers, interested in the contemporary profile and future trajectory of the French lexicon. At the same time, Saugera has presented hard data to demonstrate that French journalists are adept at using Anglicisms to advantage without undermining the morphological integrity of the language. Any language must either totally isolate itself or else successfully adapt to its changing environment in order to survive. The former is now virtually impossible, particularly for a global language like French; the latter is the only viable way forward, and Saugera has provided compelling evidence that journalistic handlers of French have successfully embarked upon it. Michael D. Picone University of Alabama Copyright © 2018 American Association of Teachers of French

Reviews 181 brings multiple benefits, the most notable being exposure to the many heretofore underappreciated and possibly misunderstood means of expressing comparison that go beyond the canonical structure familiar to all. The inclusion of these structures, which is what makes this book so unique, will lead both teachers and learners of French to a better understanding of the intricacies of comparison and to an expanded repertoire for expressing them.To conclude with an example of a detached construction: Mieux que tout autre livre sur ce sujet, celui de Catherine Fuchs met en lumière toute la complexité et l’ampleur de l’expression de la comparaison en français. Wheaton College (IL) Alan D. Savage Isnards, Alexandre des. Dictionnaire du nouveau français. Paris: Allary, 2014. ISBN 978-2-37-073008-4. Pp. 528. 21,90 a. Whether emanating from the royal court or the republican assembly, initiatives by French authorities claiming ownership of the language have been longstanding. One modern embodiment has been the sequence of government commissions set in place as gatekeepers of the lexicon, especially to stem the onslaught of English. Paradoxically, such conservative forces fuel a small industry specializing in the collection and publication of gate-crashing vocabulary. The present Dictionnaire constitutes the newest in a cortège of similar volumes that began in 1987 with Modernissimots, by Dupas and Frèches (in between, Pierre Merle has been the most prolific contributor). The structure of each entry in this latest contribution compares favorably with the best of its predecessors. Headwords are immediately followed by short definitions, sometimes with a note on presumed origin or pronunciation, leading into a few paragraphs of expanded discussion and contextualization, with embedded examples. Next come notes on abbreviations, derived forms, and related expressions or synonyms. Entries end with a display of verbatim attestations from a variety of sources: the press, websites,Twitter,and text messages.The selection privileges the inclusion of attestations so rich in nouveau français that they require “translation” into neology-free French accessible to the uninitiated. The attestations have the advantage of providing the user with a fuller survey of the collocational innovations accompanying the featured vocabulary, helping to make up for the fact that the Dictionnaire du nouveau français, by virtue of that title,seems to promise more than it actually delivers.The approximately four hundred headwords are well selected but hardly constitute the comprehensiveness that one expects of a dictionary. They are but a representative fraction of the available material in an age of unprecedented lexical volatility.Indeed,perusal of the Dictionnaire makes it abundantly clear that the gate is not only open but has now been torn off its hinges due to the Internet, texting, and ubiquitous social media; an uncontainable inundation of digital media flowing into virtually every personal space is underway, with inevitable consequences of some magnitude for the future of the French lexicon. As des Isnards astutely observes,“les jeunes ont été les premiers à investir ces espaces” (9). He immediately adds, however, that “[i]ls sont évidemment les plus créatifs” (9). Creativity is indeed key when it comes to evaluating the eventual effects of pervasive English. For example, lol‘laughing out loud’is English in origin, but it persists as a rival to French mdr ‘mort de rire’ partially because its morphophonological profile lends itself better to derivational creativity (for example the verb loler), in a way that is highly characteristic of French. Still, in many cases, the English terms that have been included in the inventory (easily the majority), are unassimilated (cloud, pop-up, stalking). Des Isnards is not a linguist or lexicographer by profession and offers no analysis of borrowing and word-building strategies, but he is an astute observer of language and writes instructive commentary to accompany the inventory provided. In the process, he serves admirably the general readership targeted. University of Alabama Michael D. Picone Kremnitz, Georg, et Fanch Broudic, éd. Histoire sociale des langues de France. Rennes: PU de Rennes, 2013. ISBN 978-2-7535-2723-2. Pp. 906. 31 a. Cet imposant ouvrage auquel ont collaboré une cinquantaine d’éminents spécialistes offre un inventaire des nombreuses langues parlées en France m...

The liberal use of literary dialect by nineteenth-century local-color authors depicting the South is an early example of "enregisterment" of dialect and its resultant commodification as an ingredient of literary success. The question naturally arises as to the usefulness of such literary dialect in the reconstruction of earlier features of actual spoken dialect. Though literary dialect is not intended by its authors, either nineteenth-century or modern, to be fully authentic, it is argued that by maintaining awareness of potential pitfalls and by employing strategies of triangulation, it is possible to cautiously extract clues from literary dialect about earlier dialectal characteristics. In this regard, the literary dialect employed by nineteenth-century Louisiana authors, Anglophone and Francophone alike, has suffered from neglect and, it is contended, can be a useful resource for reconstructing some earlier features when properly triangulated with other evidence. Examples drawn from the literary dialect of George Washington Cable, Kate Chopin, Grace King, Alfred Mercier, and Sidonie de la Houssaye demonstrate that representations of phonological features, discourse markers, lexical localisms, and, to a lesser extent, code-mixing practices can be of value in reconstructing selected dialectal traits of nineteenth-century English, French, and creole in Louisiana.

Linguistics edited by Stacey Katz Bourns DUBOIS, SYLVIE, éd. Une histoire épistolaire de la Louisiane. Québec: PU de Laval, 2010. ISBN 978-2-7637-9004-6. Pp. 110. $19,95 Can. Due to its brevity, its main focus, and the fact that primary documents other than letters sometimes figure prominently in the analysis, this collection would be more accurately described as a manuscript-based prolegomena to Louisiana’s French dialectal history rather than as what its title implies. Regardless, there can be no detracting from the inherent value of the insightful and readable commentary provided by such a group of highly-regarded researchers. Having gathered for a symposium bearing the same name at Louisiana State University in 2009, they applied their expertise to the task of locating written indices about earlier features of French in Louisiana (the former French territory, not just the presentday state) based on what can be gleaned from primary sources, especially (but not exclusively) a selection of one hundred letters and other documents (1729–1877) archived at LSU’s Hill Memorial Library. Thanks to this project and its sponsors, these documents are now available to the general public in both digitized and transcribed form at . Dubois’s preface and introduction, followed by Carole Salmon’s synopsis of the genesis of the corpus and explanation for the selection criteria, set the stage for the contributions of seven veteran researchers of North American French. With perspicacity and ingenuity, these researchers hone in on various observable elements in the set of documents provided (in some cases using a sub-set, in other cases a supplemented set) and extrapolate the implications in relation either to specific variable linguistic features or to more general phenomena. Concerning variation among features, France Martineau addresses the expression of causality (à cause de/parce que/car); Philip Comeau and Ruth King address the suppression of the negative particle ne and variation in the expression of the pronominal first person plural (je [an Acadianism]/nous/on); Terry Nadasdi addresses the expression of the future tense (simple future/periphrastic future); and Hélène Blondeau looks at terms of address during the Revolutionary period (Monsieur/ Citoyen) as well as pronominal variation (especially, on/l’on). Concerning more general phenomena, Chantal Lyche considers implications for the autonomy of the word (as opposed to the prosodic word) based on non-standard spellings corresponding to bonding (ladépense, ilseroit), segmentation (pour lui de mander), and agglutination (je vous zassure, mon nécriture); and Annette Boudreau looks for evidence of linguistic ideologies (for example, the value of maintaining French) based on metalinguistic commentary contained in the letters. Much caution is expressed to qualify the raw percentages, when used, as being strictly suggestive. This hesitancy is due not only to the small sample size and to the fact that the written code is subject to prescriptive tendencies masking the vernacular, but also to the difficulty of ensuring sufficiently broad representation of existent social strata. Indeed, a sizable percentage of the founding colonial population and the subsequent plantation-based population—the two populations existed in profoundly different social circumstances—were not literate and left precious little written documentation of their speech features. Somewhat paradoxically then, a single pastiche directly reveals more about vernacular oral features, for at Reviews 803 least one segment of the population, than any of the ordinary letters. The pastiche, dated 1828 and attributed to Jean Bapt[iste] Pistach (an obvious pseudonym using metathesized vowel qualities as a humorous device; note that pistache means ‘peanut’ in Louisiana French), confirms the presence of a variety of oral speech features that are underrepresented or absent altogether in the letters: plural je, à cause que, icitte, -ont inflection for third person plural, stila (= celui-là), and so on. Though introductory in nature, this volume constitutes highly compelling reading for anyone interested in the dialectal history of Louisiana and its relation to earlier profiles of French in North America. LSU collaborators for this project and publication were Albert Camp, Aaron Emmitte, Jane Richardson, and Kathryn Watson. University of Alabama Michael D. Picone GARNIER, SYLVIE, et ALAN D. SAVAGE. Rédiger un texte académique en français. Paris: Ophrys, 2011. ISBN 978-2-7080-1300...

Initially, being mass produced and sequential, comic art was excluded from fine art museums. Some comics artists themselves have expressed ambivalence about the value of inclusion (but counter-arguments are proposed, challenging the perception of incompatibility). However, a pivotal element in the break from the ranks of artistic modernism has been the appropriation of comic art motifs for use in museum-grade pop art, figuration narrative and their successors. In counterpoint, comic art is replete with examples of museum art being appropriated in order to obtain diegetic enrichment of various sorts, either for the purpose of parody or in relation to plot construction. Against this backdrop, and abetted by the twin challenge that art museums are facing to remain relevant and to increase revenue, a game-changing development is afoot, leading to a co-operative re-positioning of art museums and comics artists. With the Louvre taking the lead, many art museums in France and Italy are now commissioning works of comic art based on the museum's own collections, often launched with companion exhibits. The resultant 'art within art' lends itself readily to rich experimentation with themes incorporating intertextuality and parallel narrative.

explique aussi la relation à cette époque entre langue et sexe, écrit et oral, raffinement et efficacité. L’impact sur le français et l’anglais de la révolution menant à l’indépendance américaine en 1776, suivie quelques années plus tard par la Révolution française de 1789, est abordé en fin d’ouvrage, ainsi que les nouvelles relations entre l’anglais britannique et l’anglais américain, un débat qui se poursuit, sous d’autres formes, jusqu’à nos jours. Dans les dernières pages de cette excellente étude, l’auteur se garde de faire une conclusion mais propose une coda, qui a l’avantage de laisser le débat totalement ouvert. Cette analyse comparative de l’histoire des différentes idées et théories linguistiques sur le français et l’anglais entre 1648 et 1789 est d’autant plus riche et intéressante qu’elle s’appuie au fil des chapitres sur une grande diversité de documents historiques: des traités de conversation, des relations de missionnaires, mais aussi des discours, des essais philosophiques, des articles encyclopédiques ou des oraisons funèbres, entre autres. De grands penseurs tels que Rivarol, Smellie, Voltaire ou Jefferson sont cités. Un tel ouvrage permet de mieux comprendre les relations parfois paradoxales qu’entretiennent encore aujourd’hui ces deux langues, si différentes et si proches à la fois. University of Massachusetts, Lowell Carole Salmon NODIER, CHARLES. Dictionnaire raisonné des onomatopées françaises. Éd. Jean-François Jeandillou. Genève: Droz, 2008. ISBN 978-2-600-01167-9. Pp. xxxvi + 316. 41,64 a. Republished in its bicentennial year, this newly annotated reedition of Nodier’s Dictionnaire raisonné is actually based on the augmented version of 1828 and includes a 25-page essay by Jeandillou on “Évidence de l’analogie,” the term analogie being used here and in Nodier’s own préface to indicate what is essentially a synesthetic device whereby auditory-based iconicity can be generalized and made to account for apparent phonosemantic regularites that are not auditory based. For example, a series of phonetically similar words imitate quick striking sounds—clappement, claquer, claquette, clinquant, cliquetis, cloche—and by synesthetic analogy, the same representational convention can be linked to the blinking of an eye or a light—clin d’œil, clignoter—even though these phenomena are perceived visually (71–74). Coupling onomatopoeia with synesthetic analogy provides significant explanatory value, contends Nodier, to account for language. This theory is consistent with the mentality of the siècle des Lumières and the impetus to find possible desacralized explanations for natural phenomena. Emerging from the Enlightenment, Nodier (1780–1849) helped shape its immediate aftermath, not only as a founder of Romantic literature, for which he is best known, but also as a naturalist contributing to the emerging evolutionary thinking of his immediate predecessors, such as Rousseau, Leclerc de Buffon, and Lamarck. Rereading Nodier reminds the modern reader that the notions of the essential arbitrariness of language, on the one hand, and the natural evolution of language, on the other, which are both taken as givens by the majority of contemporary linguists , were not, at one time, indelibly linked, as they now appear to be, owing to their simultaneous currency. To the contrary, one might argue that the two notions were initially hostile. For in Nodier’s era, before Saussure’s views on the arbitrariness of language became the new norm (that is, before Hermogenes won the debate in Plato’s Cratylus) and before Darwin’s On the Origin of Species (1859) 228 FRENCH REVIEW 85.1 had definitively reoriented assumptions about the mechanisms of evolution in the direction of natural selection from among randomly generated variants, it was possible—indeed, it must have seemed natural—to espouse an evolutionary hypothesis that was based on reasoned assertions about a fundamental role for onomatopoeia in building human language. This position is similar to Lamarck’s approach, reasoning that anatomical evolution must be linked to such things as successive generations of giraffes extending their necks ever further to increase browsing range. Ultimately, of course, less self-apparent but far more powerful explanations would supplant these “reasoned” approaches. Random variation...

MLR, 105.2, 2010 551 a regrettable solecism on page 311 Rilke's Duineser Elegien are twice printed as 'Duisener; at several points the final letterof aword inbold or italics is in normal type.Although for the learner of French, awareness of contemporary norms and usage necessarily takes precedence over knowledge of earlier states of the language, Buridant's book amply demonstrates that historical linguistics has much to tell us about the contemporary French language, while reminding us of the vitality and adaptability of human language and languages. Lancaster University David Nott Neologie et terminologie dans les dictionnaires. Ed. by Jean-Francois Sab layrolles. (Lexica: Mots et Dictionnaires, 16) Paris: Champion. 2008. 241 pp. 45. ISBN 978-2-7453-1799-5. Though itcan certainly stand alone and is of considerable informative value in its own right, to be fullyappreciated, this book must be situated against the backdrop of Jean-Francois Sablayrolles's two previous books in the same collection: La Neo logie enfrangais contemporain (2000) and LTnnovation lexicale (2003). Sablayrolles is the author of the former and the editor of the latter; both works provide a frequent point of reference formany of the contributors in the present work. This newest instalment marks yet another step in Sablayrolles's ascendancy, over the last decade, to a place of prominence in the field of French lexicology, not somuch as a cataloguer or tracker of neologisms but rather as a theoretician of neology, which has been in need of a theoretical framework. Though he concentrates his own efforts on French, Sablayrolles is always thinking about the big picture of how neology operates in general. How, for example, do dictionaries negotiate the complex problem of the exclusion or, conversely, the selection and presentation of neologisms? It is fitting, then, that Jean Pruvost, after organizing a conference on this subject in 2004, should have passed the torch to his sometime collaborator Sablayrolles, who has brought together the papers comprising this book (eight of the twelve contributors, if one includes Pruvost's Preface in the count, were conference presenters). Most of the contributors are well-known veterans in the world of French lexicology. Not surprisingly, Sablayrolles's own contribution takes a theoretical approach to the problem and demonstrates that, among other things, a neologism cannot be so designated simply by its absence from general French dictionaries and that, conversely, a listed word may still constitute a neologism when used in a new context. But to be well founded, a theoretical approach to neology must also cross language boundaries inorder to arrive at an appropriately broad view. The selection of co-contributors reflects this, especially in the person of JohnHumbley, whose particularly lucid contribution, plotting the evolution (past and projected future) of neological dictionaries since 1945, is pan-European in focus. The neological ramifications of globalization are implicit inElisabeth Blanchon's contribution de voted to the normalization of new terminologies based on the co-ordinated efforts of international agencies. Michela Murano documents variable attitudes towards 552 Reviews the acceptability of neologisms in Italian by taking stock of the evolving definitions of neologia invarious Italian dictionaries. To the extent that the creation of an in ternational auxiliary language constitutes a grand neological enterprise, the theme of JeanneMartinet's contribution on the state of Interlingua dictionaries intersects with the general topic of this book. The other contributors, looking at French, deal with a variety of relevant topics. Giving the reader a welcome peek behind the scenes with regard to the process of collecting and evaluating neologisms from the press for possible inclusion in Larousse dictionaries, Khalid Alaoui compiles the raw percentages for the different domains and differentneotypes (morphological formulae) associated with a corpus of neologisms so gleaned in order to provide a snapshot of the state of current neological activity.Danielle Candel and Virginie Tombeux provide a detailed ana lysis of representative terminologies associated with nuclear energy as presented in the Tresor de la langue francaise, taking stock of the relative frequencies of the neotypes employed, and making it apparent that themulti-volume TLF has considerable potential for neological research even in such a specialized domain. After reviewing aspects of advertising-based neology, virtually all ofwhich escapes inclusion in...