The current clinical application of glaucoma drainage devices is made of non-degradable materials. These non-degradable drainage devices often trigger inflammatory responses and scar proliferation, possibly leading to surgical failure. We developed a biodegradable material hydroxyapatite-coated magnesium (HA-Mg) as a glaucoma drainage device. Twelve New Zealand white rabbits were randomly assigned to three groups: HA-Mg drainage plate group (6 right eyes), trabeculectomy group (6 right eyes), and control group (12 left eyes). Results showed that all HA-Mg drainage plates were completely degraded ~4 months postoperatively. At the 5th month postoperatively, there was no statistical difference in the corneal endothelium density between the HA-Mg drainage plate group and the control group (p = 0.857). The intraocular pressure (IOP) level in the HA-Mg drainage plate implantation group was lower than in the other two groups. The trypan blue dye still drained from the anterior chamber to the subconjunctiva 5 months after HA-Mg drainage plate implantation. HE staining revealed the scleral linear aqueous humor drainage channel and anterior synechia were observed after drainage plate completely degraded, with no obvious infiltration with the inflammatory cells. This study showed the safety and efficacy of HA-Mg glaucoma drainage plate in controlling IOP after implantation into the anterior chamber of rabbit eyes.

There is currently no available cure or universally effective treatment for dry eye (DE). The aim of the present study was to investigate the clinical efficacy of transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TES) combined with artificial tears in treating DE. Patients diagnosed with DE were referred for therapy with TES combined with sodium hyaluronate (SH)-containing artificial tears. A total of 52 patients (104 eyes) with DE were enrolled in this randomized controlled trial. The patients were randomized 1:1 to the TES + SH or SH group. The patients in the TES + SH group were treated with 20 sessions (5 sessions per week for 4 weeks), and each session lasted for 20 min. The treatment was continued for 4 weeks in all cases. The Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), tear film breakup time (BUT), Schirmer's I test and corneal fluorescein scores were used to assess treatment efficacy. A total of 90 eyes of 45 patients completed all aspects of the study: 22 patients (44 eyes) in the TES + SH group and 23 patients (46 eyes) in the SH group. There was no statistically significant difference in sex, age or course between the two groups. The mean OSDI scores, BUT, Schirmer's I test and corneal fluorescein scores exhibited a significant improvement in the TES + SH group compared with the SH group after treatment. No serious adverse events were recorded during TES treatment. In conclusion, TES combined with artificial tears appeared to be an effective treatment for DE. Therefore, TES may represent a new therapeutic option with promising potential applications.

Background: A cataract is a degenerative change in the optical quality of the lens caused by protein denaturation. Modern medicine is mainly based on surgical treatment. Cataract surgery is often accompanied by severe inflammation, and glucocorticoid therapy has many adverse reactions and side effects. The non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug sodium bromfenac not only has good anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-allergic effects, but also does not produce side effects caused by hormone drugs. Clinical studies have shown that sodium bromfenac eye drops have a good curative effect in treating postoperative inflammation of cataract, with low recurrence rate and certain therapeutic advantages, but lack of evidence-based medicine evidence. The purpose of this study is to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of sodium bromfenac eye drops in the treatment of postoperative inflammation of cataracts. Methods: Use computer to search English and Chinese databases, such as PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang, Weipu, China Biomedical Database, and Chinese Clinical Trial Registry for randomized controlled trials on the treatment of postoperative postoperative inflammation in cataract surgery with sodium bromfenac eye drops from the establishment of the database to September 2020, and data extraction and literature quality evaluation were conducted independently by two researchers, and Meta analysis was conducted on the included literature using RevMan5.3 software. Results: In this study, the efficacy and safety of sodium bromfenac eye drops in the treatment of postoperative inflammation of cataract surgery were evaluated by the effective rate, symptom score, adverse reactions, incidence, recurrence rate, etc. Conclusion: This study will provide reliable evidence-based evidence for the clinical application of bromofenac sodium eye drops in the treatment of postoperative inflammation of cataract. OSF Registration number: DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/3KP7R

The effect of probucol in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy was investigated to analyze its impact on its hemodynamics, rheology and blood lipid. A total of 80 patients with diabetic retinopathy who were treated in the Ninth People's Hospital of Chongqing (Chongqing, China) from January 2015 to August 2016 were selected and divided into two groups by random number table, with 40 patients in each group. Control group was treated by conventional and intensive glycemic control and antihypertensive therapy, while observation group was orally administered with 0.375 g probucol twice a day on the basis of intensive therapy. Outpatient follow-up was performed to all the patients for 6 months, then, among the blood rheology, the changes in blood viscosity and erythrocyte aggregation indexes at different time points before and after intervention in the two groups were compared, mean blood flow velocities in renal artery, renal artery pulse indexes and renal artery resistance indexes at different time points were recorded, changes in blood lipid of the two groups before and after intervention were compared, and complication rates during the treatment were calculated. After intervention, the whole blood viscosity at high shear rate, whole blood viscosity at low shear rate and plasma viscosity in observation group were lower than those before intervention and lower than those in control group after intervention (P<0.05); The erythrocyte aggregation indexes in observation group were obviously increased compared with those in control group at 1 week, 1 month and 6 months after intervention (P<0.05). The mean blood flow velocities in renal artery in observation group were remarkably higher than those in control group at 1 week, 1 month and 6 months after intervention (P<0.05), while the renal artery pulse indexes and resistance indexes in observation group were lower than those in control group in the same period (P<0.05). In observation group, the levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyeride (TG) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) after intervention were decreased compared with those before intervention, while the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was increased. The levels of TC, TG and LDL-C in observation group were lower than those in control group after intervention, while the HDL-C level was higher (P<0.05). During the treatment, the total incidence of phlebitis, chills, fever, rash and maculopapule in observation group was obviously lower than that in control group. Probucol can significantly improve the hemodynamic and rheological indexes and lower blood lipid in the body, and is an effective medicine for diabetic retinopathy.

Amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) is considered a substantial treatment option in the management of ocular surface disorders. However, several inherent drawbacks still remain. The present study devised a novel implantable composite biomaterial of fibrin glue-double layer Amniotic membrane (AM) and evaluated the biomechanical properties and effects on corneal surface reconstruction in alkali-burned rabbit model. Biomechanic parameters were calculated by an electronic universal testing machine. Corneal alkali burning was done in the right eyes of thirty rabbits, which were randomized into three groups of ten animals each. The eyes in group 1 underwent fibrin glue-double layer AMT, the eyes in group 2 underwent ordinary single layer AMT, and the eyes in group 3 (control group) did not undergo any surgical procedure. Healing of corneal epithelial defect, extent of corneal vascularization and corneal clarity were assessed and compared at two time points. One month after surgery, animals were killed and the eyes were processed for histopathology. The fibrin glue-double layer AM composites had more ideal biomechanical properties. In fibrin glue-double layer AM group, the rate of epithelial healing, vascularization inhibition and corneal clarity was significantly better than the other two groups. Novel fibrin glue-double layer AMT with corneal alkali burns is more effective and useful for ocular surface reconstruction and has great potential applications.

Objective To investigate the clinical effects and safety of electroacupuncture (EA) in the treatment of overactive bladder (OAB) refractory to first-line anticholinergic treatment. Methods Women diagnosed with OAB who were refractory to first-line anticholinergic treatment were referred for EA therapy. 50 women enrolled in this single-blind randomised controlled trial and were randomised 1:1 to EA or sham EA (SEA). The EA and SEA groups were treated with 30 sessions (5 sessions a week for 6 weeks), and each session lasted 30 min. OAB symptom scores (OABSS), King's Health Questionnaire scores (KHQ) and urodynamic parameters were used to assess treatment effects. Safety was also evaluated. Results 45 women completed all aspects of the study (23 in the EA group and 22 in the SEA group). The OABSS and KHQ showed statistically significant improvements in the EA group compared with the SEA group after 6 weeks of treatment (p<0.05). There were no statistical differences in the maximum flow rate and postvoid residual (p>0.05), but there were statistical improvements in the first sensation of bladder filling, first urge to void and maximum cystometric capacity (p<0.05) in the EA group compared with the SEA group. No serious adverse events occurred in either group. Conclusions EA appears to be an effective, safe and minimally invasive treatment for women with OAB. Further studies with longer follow-up are needed to evaluate whether it could be a therapeutic option for OAB refractory to treatment with anticholinergics.

PURPOSE:To determine the epidemiological characteristics of work-related eye injury in representative southwest region of China.METHODS:Patients with eye injuries treated at the Ninth People's Hospital of Chongqing from 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2014 were included in the current study. All patients completed a comprehensive examination and interview. Demographic characteristics and injury details were recorded. The International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) and Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology (BETT) were used.RESULTS:The average age of eye injury patients was 37.52 years and the majority were male. Among the 1055 total patients, approximately 42.9% of the injuries were work-related. The highest proportion of occupational eye trauma was observed in the group between 36 and 45 years of age. Occupational ocular trauma occurred more frequently in summer, with most from 16:00 to 18:00. Metal was the most common injury cause. Foreign body on external eye was the most common diagnosis. Workers in the manufacturing industry without pre-work safety training or eye protection were far more likely to suffer from occupational ocular trauma than those with training and protection.CONCLUSIONS:This study provides insight into the epidemiological characteristics of occupational ocular trauma in southwest region of China. The current findings might be considered as a baseline for future research on regional work-related eye injuries. Our findings will provide valuable information for further development of preventive strategies.