The energy recovery of agri-food residues is a key issue in promoting the transition to a circular economy model, especially in tropical countries where biomass from food waste is available throughout the year. This work focuses on the coconut supply chain and the analysis of food residues for energy purposes. In particular, the shell is a lignocellulosic biomass that has been little investigated in combustion processes, despite its high energy potential and widespread use on a global scale. This study conducts an in-depth analysis of coconut shells for energy purposes, including both the chemical-physical characterization of the biomass and the assessment of the emission impact resulting from its controlled combustion in a 80 kW commercial boiler. The biomass has low moisture and ash content (8.5% and 0.85%) and a high calorific value (HHV = 19.6 MJ/kg), with a thermal profile typical of lignocellulosic materials, characterised by rapid degradation between 200 and 500°C and a mineral residue of less than 5%. Chemical analysis, conducted using ICP-MS, reveals significant concentrations of alkaline elements (K and Na) potentially involved in ash melting phenomena with the formation of fine particulate matter. Combustion tests show macro-pollutant emissions generally below regulatory limits, with the exception of a brief episode of increased CO, attributable to temporary instability in the fuel supply system. Particulate analysis shows a predominance of the fine PM2.5 fraction (89 mg/Nm3), while the PM10 component is significantly reduced by the multicyclone system installed in the experimental plant. Analysis of metals in particulate matter reveals the presence of Zn and Ba attributable to volatilization and subsequent condensation on submicrometric particles. The analysis of VOCs highlights the predominance of mono-substituted aromatic hydrocarbons and the presence, albeit at low concentrations, of organochlorinated compounds linked to the intrinsic chlorine content of the biomass and the presence of metal catalysts. The residual ashes, analyzed by SEM-EDS, exhibit heterogeneous morphologies and a complex elemental distribution in predominantly oxidized compounds. The overall results confirm the high energy suitability of coconut shells, while highlighting specific emission issues such as the significant production of fine particulate matter and certain chlorinated VOCs, which require further investigation and mitigation measures.

The carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua L.) is a typical tree of the arid Mediterranean, and its cultivation contributes to the sustainability of local agroecosystems. In recent years, the economic and environmental importance of the carob tree has grown due to its use as a raw material in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. It also plays an ecological role in conserving biodiversity and promoting sustainable agricultural systems by improving cultivation and mechanization strategies. Currently, national carob groves are facing competition from other more profitable crops such as olive, citrus, almond and horticultural systems. This has led to the marginalization of carob cultivation in several Mediterranean rural areas and increased the need to modernize and mechanize harvesting to enhance the potential of carob and its derived products. This study aimed to investigate the physical characteristics of the fruit (weight, length, width and fruit detachment force) in relation to the degree of ripeness, with the objective of providing useful information on the optimal harvesting period and introducing semi-mechanical harvesting systems.

The present study investigates the potential of poplar (Populus spp.) biomass from phytoremediation plantations as a feedstock for downdraft fixed bed gasification. The biomass was characterized in terms of moisture, ash content, elemental composition (C, H, N, O), and calorific values (HHV and LHV), confirming its suitability for thermochemical conversion. Gasification tests yielded a volumetric syngas production of 1.79 Nm3 kg-1 biomass with an average composition of H2 14.58 vol%, CO 16.68 vol%, and CH4 4.74 vol%, demonstrating energy content appropriate for both thermal and chemical applications. Alkali and alkaline earth metals (AAEM), particularly Ca (273 mg kg-1) and Mg (731 mg kg-1), naturally present enhanced tar reforming and promoted reactive gas formation, whereas heavy metals such as Cd (0.27 mg kg-1), Pb (0.02 mg kg-1), and Bi (0.01 mg kg-1) were detected only in trace amounts, posing minimal environmental risk. The results indicate that poplar pruning residues from phytoremediation sites can be a renewable and sustainable energy resource, transforming a waste stream into a process input. In this perspective, the integration of soil remediation with syngas production constitutes a tangible model of circular economy, based on the efficient use of resources through the synergy between environmental remediation and the valorization and sustainable management of marginal biomass-i.e., pruning residues-generating environmental, energetic, and economic benefits along the entire value chain.

The sustainable management and valorisation of agricultural and agro-industrial residues are essential to reduce environmental impacts, enhance resource efficiency, and support circular economy strategies. In Mediterranean regions, large quantities of residual biomass are annually produced from olive and citrus supply chains, representing promising feedstocks for biochar production. In this study, biochar was obtained at 600 °C in a fixed-bed reactor under a N2 atmosphere from four representative feedstocks: olive pruning (OPr), citrus pruning (CPr), olive pomace (OPo), and citrus peel (CPe). The resulting biochar was characterized in terms of physico-chemical, energetic, and structural properties, including proximate and ultimate analyses, fuel properties, cation exchange capacity (CEC), pH, elemental ratios (O/C, H/C, N/C), thermal stability, bulk density, metal content, and surface morphology (SEM), in order to assess parameters relevant to environmental potential applications. The results highlighted clear feedstock-dependent differences. OPoB and CPeB exhibited the highest thermal stability (0.56–0.66), indicating a strong potential for long-term carbon sequestration. CPeB showed the highest CEC (47.2 cmol kg−1). From an application-oriented perspective, this high CEC suggests that, when applied to soil at typical amendment rates (2–5 wt%), CPeB could potentially increase soil CEC by approximately 10–30%, thereby improving nutrient retention and cation availability. Energy yields were highest for citrus-derived biochar (42.0–47.5%), while OPoB exhibited the lowest solid yield due to its higher volatile content. SEM analysis revealed marked structural differences, with OPrB retaining an ordered lignocellulosic porous structure, whereas OPoB and CPeB displayed highly irregular morphologies, favorable for surface reactivity. Overall, this study demonstrates that olive and citrus residues are suitable feedstocks for producing biochar with differentiated properties, and that a rapid screening methodology can support feedstock selection and biochar design for targeted energy, soil amendment, and carbon management applications.

Black Soldier Fly larvae (BSFL) bioconvert a wide variety of organic waste into value compounds including the residual frass, a by-product exploitable as compost for plant growth. The use of a non-standardized waste diet that varies in terms of properties does not ensure the maintenance of a highly fertile and healthy BSF colony able to produce viable inoculum (5–7-day-old larvae) for waste bioconversion. The Gainesville diet (GD) is a balanced formulation to ensure full larval development in fertile adults, resulting in a stable rearing colony. On a large scale, the bioconversion supply chain can produce different types of frass. Frass derived from the Gainesville diet (GDf), from fruit and vegetable waste (FVWf), and from milled fruit and vegetable waste (MWf) was composted and then compared to evaluate its fertilizing effect on lettuce growth in two pot-growing experiments. Each compost was added at concentrations of 2.5, 5, and 10%. The growth of lettuce improved significantly with the addition of composted frass in a dose-dependent manner when compared to unfertilized soil. GDf 10% gave the significantly best performance in terms of plant height (20.8 cm versus 17.9 cm) and fresh weight (113.5 g versus 87.7 g) compared to FVWf. In the experiment, the combined use of composted frass at 10% of both GDf and FVWf with a double mineral fertilizer application showed no significant differences compared to triple application. However, GDf provided significantly greater chlorophyll content than FVWf. These results highlight how, under the conditions tested in the present work, the frass of the entire productive chain of BSF is a high value by-product.

Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is a high-yielding crop cultivated for fiber and seed production, generating substantial lignocellulosic residues such as hurds. These byproducts can be valorized through pyro-gasification, a thermochemical process that offers a sustainable alternative to combustion and produces biochar—a promising soil amendment due to its ability to enhance soil quality and mitigate drought stress. This research explores the viability of utilizing industrial hemp hurds as a direct feedstock for biochar production within the context of agricultural exploitation. The study specifically focuses on assessing the feasibility of converting raw, unprocessed hemp hurds into biochar through pyrolysis. A comprehensive characterization of the resulting biochar is conducted to evaluate its properties and potential applications in agriculture, establishing a foundational understanding for future agronomic use. Specific analysis included proximate and ultimate analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), SEM-EDS, and phytotoxicity testing. The biochar exhibited an alkaline pH (≥9), a low H/C ratio (0.37), and suitable macro- and micronutrient levels. Microstructural analysis revealed a porous architecture favorable for nutrient retention and water absorption. Germination tests with corn (Zea mays L.) showed a germination index above 90% for substrates containing 0.5–1% biochar. These findings establish a foundation for future research aimed at thoroughly exploring the agricultural potential of this material.

Hazelnut processing generates a variety of by-products, including skins, shells, and defatted (DFT) flour, which contain valuable bioactive compounds. These by-products are rich in polyphenols, fibers, and other molecules that are suitable for incorporation into nutraceutical and cosmetic products. The efficiency of three natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES), such as betaine/sorbitol/water (BS), fructose/lactic acid/water (FL), and fructose/glycerol/water (FG) was compared with a control (C) extractant (ethanol/water). These NADES were combined with two extraction techniques: a conventional method involving heat and magnetic stirring, and ultra-sound-assisted extraction (US). The free radical scavenging capacity (FRC), total phenolic content (TPC), and the polyphenolic profile (HPLC) were evaluated. BS NADES exhibited superior efficiency for the extraction from the skin and shell, while FL was optimal for defatted flour. Although the skin is the least abundant hazelnut processing by-product, it exhibited the highest polyphenol content and antiradical activity, indicating potential for cosmetic applications. The suitability of DFT flour, skin, and the residual panel of extracts for thermochemical and biochemical conversion processes was investigated. Some of the materials were found to be conducive to thermochemical conversion, while others were suitable for anaerobic digestion.

Honeybees are insects very sensitive to environmental pollution and at the same time very good indicators of the pollution levels for certain types of pollutants. The morphology and ethology of these insects make them perfect vectors for dust and substances, including heavy metals produced by anthropic activities or naturally generated and deposited on foraged flora. When bees are raised to produce foods such as honey and pollen, they can easily transfer pollutants collected from contaminated flower affecting the quality of these products. However, depending on geographical location of the apiaries and their distance from pollution sources, the risk to contaminate bee products can be higher or lower requiring deep investigations. In this study, two apiaries were built near ground transport infrastructures and used as monitoring stations for investigating heavy metal presence in beehive products such as bee wax, pollen, and honey. Another apiary was placed between these two locations at a distance of 500 m from each one and used as central node to asses possible diffusion trends. Parallel, air quality was monitored in the proximity of each apiary to verify the air pollution of the environments close to these sites. The results of the study suggest that the presence of the highway and the train station affected the levels of heavy metal presence in the apiary products. Air quality near apiaries was also negatively affected by ground transport, especially in proximity of the highway. Wax resulted significantly more polluted in the apiary close to train station with elements such as Al, Zn, and Ni, while honey and pollen were significantly more polluted in the proximity of the highway with elements such as Al, Fe, Cu, and Zn. Honey was the product suffering less the contamination by heavy metals while pollen was the worse. In conclusion, the presence of transportation nodes determined a higher accumulation of heavy metals in beehive products respect the apiary placed in between, suggesting to pay particular attention in the site selection for the placement of apiaries to protect both bees and human health.

Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) can convert various organic substrates into high added-value biomass. In addition, the residue can be used as a soil conditioner. Several studies have been conducted on a laboratory scale that may not represent what happens on a prototype scale. Using fruit and vegetable waste as a basic substrate, mixing them with agro-industry by-products (called co-substrates), the Hermes project set up a process on medium (2 kg) and large (10 kg) scales with two different feeding regimes (1.25 g/BSFL and 2 g/BSFL). At the mature stage, larval biomass was separated from frass (the by-product of the larval rearing). The production of larval proteins and fats and the use of frass as soil conditioning were evaluated. The lowest feeding regime (1.25 g/BSFL) provided the best waste valorization. The shift towards higher production scales is not completely linear. The addition of co-substrates to fruit and vegetable waste, as they are provided by the large-scale retail trade, can help to standardize a process as part of an insect farm. The frass recovered from the residue of rearing (on the diet or on the agrifood leftovers) was composted and used in field to grow a processing tomato variety. The addition of composted frass assured a slightly lower yield than synthetic fertilizer but there was no statistically significant difference (p > 0.10). This suggests that partial replacement of synthetic fertilizer with composted frass has potential. Overall, the work demonstrated that, using a multidisciplinary approach, the interest and the value in building a supply chain based on bioconversion mediated by Hermetia illucens can be emphasized.

The need to use renewable sources and matrices with energy potential is widely recognized. The development of innovative technologies aimed at the improvement of energy conversion processes and reducing environmental impacts is currently receiving increasing attention from the scientific community and policymakers. The presence of sugars in airborne particle materials is attributed to biomass combustion. For this reason, these compounds are considered markers of biomass burning. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the emissions produced by agroforestry biomass burning (citrus pruning) by simultaneously sampling both stack emissions and atmospheric particulates in the area around a biomass boiler to understand the real contribution of biomass burning to atmospheric pollution. The combustion tests were carried out by comparing the processes with and without particulate abatement system to see how biomass combustion’s contribution to particulate emission can be controlled and reduced. During the tests, the focus was on particulate matter (PM) speciation in terms of sugar marker identification and determination. This study aims to increase knowledge to better understand the contribution of biomass plants to air pollution and differentiate it from the contributions of other sources, such as vehicular traffic or domestic heating.

Wood dust produced during chainsaw operations can pose a significant risk to the health of workers. In this work, the wood dust total suspended particles (TSP), and the respirable fraction (PM4) were sampled by active filtering with personal air samplers. Wood logs of three different species (Eucalyptus sp., Pinus radiata and Quercus cerris) were employed for the intense cross-cutting tests carried out in two separate trials (July and December). Some filter samples were undergone to chemical analysis to determine the contents of metals. Two chainsaws, one electric powered by batteries and one endothermic, were employed in the tests. Results showed that the different woods and the two chainsaws produced similar quantities of wood dust, that was characterized by a major fraction of fine particles < 1 µm. Obtained values of inhalable wood dust were very variable in values (in July’s test, PM4 ranged from 2.9 to 52.5 mg m−3 and TSP from 3.7 to 42.6 mg m−3; in December PM4 ranged from 1.0 to 4.0 mg m−3 and TSP from 3.2 to 5.8 mg m−3). Values often exceeded the European legal threshold of concentration, and the operator should protect himself wearing a proper PPE (personal protective equipment). Moreover, attention should be paid to the exposure to wood dust and to heavy metal elements considering potential risks due to longer times of exposure that should be carefully evaluated. Among metals, nickel content was particularly elevated.

The use of agroforestry biomass provides several advantages, both from an environmental point of view, in terms of the mitigation of global warming, and in terms of a circular economy for agricultural or agroforestry companies that reuse pruning residues as a source of energy. However, even if the use of energy pellets resulting from the pruning residues of various agroforestry species has excellent potential for the valorization of agricultural by-products, the physicochemical characteristics of these pellets have been scarcely studied by the scientific community. In this context, this study aims to assess the valorization potential of various lignocellulosic material residues produced during agroforestry activities. The objectives of the study include evaluating the chemical and physical characteristics of pellets produced with different mixtures of agroforestry biomass (olive, citrus, black locust, poplar, paulownia, etc.) in order to determine the optimal pellet blend from an energy and physicochemical perspective. The results of this study demonstrate that this comprehensive analysis provides valuable information on the optimization of biomass mixtures for better energy valorization, addressing both compositional and combustion-related challenges. In fact, it is observed that the addition of citrus and olive biomass to the various mixtures increases their energy potential. Furthermore, all of the pellets analyzed are found to possess an adequate and useful durability index (PDI) for their handling during storage and transport operations. This study demonstrates that olive and citrus pruning residues can be used to improve biomasses that have poor suitability in energetic, physical, and chemical terms. Further studies could be useful to understand which specific interaction mechanisms have an influence on emissions in order to optimize mixtures using different biomass sources for sustainable energy production.

Emissions from biomass combustion depend on biomass characteristics, operating parameters and concern different types of compounds such as: CO2, CO, SO2, NOX, inorganic and organic micro-pollutants, polyciclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated byphenils, and particulate matter. The aim of this work is the development of a fixed source sampling method for total levoglucosan emission, commonly considered, along with its isomer mannosan and galactosan as an atmosphere tracers for Total Suspended Particles generated by biomass burning. The semi-volatile behavior of such compound was taken into account and its sampling occurred by depositing the main fraction on a filter and the volatile fraction sampled by impingers filled with specific solution. Subsequently, the emission factors of levoglucosan in Total Suspended Particles from burning of rice and wheat straw varying from 53.7 to 65.8 mg/kgfuel were evaluated. The proposed method uses an isokinetic probe with quartz filter for particle fraction sampling and a system of impingers for the volatile fraction. The important result obtained from the experiment showed that a percentage between 30% and 50% of levoglucosan exceeds the filter and was sampled in the impingers. This result suggests the importance to collect both fractions of levoglucosan emission in order to not neglect the volatile fraction which represents an important component and must not be omitted.

Agro-industrial activities generate a great amount of bioproducts as biomass residues containing energy and with potentially useful applications in the thermochemical conversion process. The management of this feedstock as uncontrolled combustion (“open burning”) can often be a problem within the supply chain for disposal practices, both in environmental and economic aspects. The residual matrices from agroforestry biomass processing can be treated to increase their energy levels and economic value. A widespread practice for sustainable disposal is the production of pellets from residual biomass, such as pruning. The aim of this study is to explore the combustion of pellets obtained from olive and citrus pruning, and their emissions into the atmosphere. This study confirms the possibility of using waste biomass to obtain a high-energy biofuel that is usable in a controlled combustion system and to monitor the process and its related emissions (CO, CO2, NOx, SO2, PM). Three different pellets (olive pellet, citrus pellet and a pellet obtained from a mix of olive and citrus) were characterized to determine their physicochemical properties and burned in an 80 kWth boiler equipped with multicyclone filter bags as an abatement system to evaluate relative emission. The characterization results show that citrus pellet has a higher ash content, moisture content and lower energy value than mixtures of olive pellet. The emission results suggest that, during combustion, higher emissions of CO and SO2 were monitored from mixtures of citrus pellet compared to burning only olive pellet.

Fossil fuels are still widely used, and this generates a lot of environmental pollution. There are many resources and technologies to progressively replace the use of these sources. Among these, agro-industrial residues are of interest. Instead of treating them as waste, they could be recovered to produce energy. Thermochemical conversion processes such as combustion, gasification and pyrolysis are promising technologies for the use of renewable energy resources. Spent coffee grounds represent a high proportion of agro-industrial residues, so that scientific and industrial interest in this raw material is growing. In this work, after a detailed chemical-physical characterization, combustion and gasification spent coffee grounds pellets and a variant of combustion coffee pellets to which olive pomace oil was added in the palletization process were tested. The tests were carried out using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) to check the process and the reaction of the biomass at varying temperatures in terms of weight and energy output. The results provide important information on the properties of coffee grounds on energy production. Spent coffee grounds in combustion are exhausted at 550 °C and in gasification at about 675 °C, while pellets mixed with pomace oil have not yet exhausted their mass at 800 °C. The largest amount of power is provided by the pellets with olive pomace oil with a peak of 247.63 mW, followed by the pellets in combustion 205.64 mW and the pellets in gasification 61.47 mW. Non-parametric tests were applied and significant differences between the factors were observed. This represents preliminary work within a larger project that will involve the analysis and comparison of many types of biomass used in thermochemical processes. The data obtained are important for using biomass in the most appropriate technology and optimizing the process.

Forestry woodchip and spent mushroom compost have commercial potential as sustainable residues in biological and chemical processes for energy production. This study focuses on the evaluation of agri-food industry waste energy valorization, with the aim to reduce the valuable biomass utilization for energy production without decreasing the process quality, thereby pursuing economic and environmental advantages. Burning trials were conducted in a fluidized bed biomass plant provided with emission abatement systems. The biomass mixture used for combustion was composed of pine and oak woodchip and spent mushroom compost. The biomass used was first characterized through compositional and energetic analysis, and subsequently, during the burning tests, a monitoring sampling campaign was carried out to analyze the gas and particles emission. Optimal combustion conditions were observed during combustion, with good oxidation of the organic material, relatively high CO2 production, and low CO concentration in flue gas. Nevertheless, SO2 concentrations in the combustion flue gas are greater than those found in the combustion of the most commonly used biomasses. In fact, the mixture compositional characterization revealed a non-negligible concentration of sulfur, which explains the high values of SO2 detected in emission. The obtained results confirm that controlled combustion, together with suitable biomasses utilization, preliminary characterization, and emission monitoring, are essential practices for the realization of a sustainable process, both from an energy and environmental point of view.

The relevance of selecting an appropriate bed material in fluidized bed gasification is a crucial aspect that is often underestimated. The ideal material should be economical, resistant to high temperatures and have small chemical interaction with biomass. However, often only the first of such three aspects is considered, neglecting the biomass–bed interaction effects that develop at high temperatures. In this work, olivine and K-feldspar were upscale-tested in a prototype fluidized bed gasifier (FBG) using arboreal biomass (almond shells). The produced syngas in the two different tests was characterized and compared in terms of composition (H2, CH4, CO, CO2, O2) and fate of contaminants such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs), tar and metals.. Moreover, the composition of olivine and K-feldspar before and after the biomass gasification process has been characterized. The aim of this work is to show which advantages and disadvantages there are in choosing the most suitable material and to optimize the biomass gasification process by reducing the undesirable effects, such as heavy metal production, bed agglomeration and tar production, which are harmful when syngas is used in internal combustion engines (ICE). It has been observed that metals, such as Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Sn, Ba and Pb, have higher concentrations in the syngas produced by using olivine as bed material rather than K-feldspar. In particular, heavy metals, such as Pb, Cu, Cd, Ni and Zn, show concentrations of 61.06 mg/Nm3, 15.29 mg/Nm3, 17.97 mg/Nm3, 37.29 mg/Nm3 and 116.39 mg/Nm3, respectively, compared to 23.26 mg/Nm3, 11.82 mg/Nm3, 2.76 mg/Nm3, 24.46 mg/Nm3 and 53.07 mg/Nm3 detected with K-feldspar. Moreover, a more hydrogen-rich syngas when using K-feldspar was produced (46% compared to 39% with olivine).

Mechanical pretreatments are commonly used devices at full-scale to reduce the size of feedstock and to increase methane production, improving mixing, heat, and mass transfer into the anaerobic digesters of biogas plants. Nevertheless, physical pretreatments require considerable energy. This work aimed to investigate how the energy consumption in different mechanical pretreatments that effectively run under real operational conditions at full-scale level affects physical modifications and anaerobic degradability of agri-based feedstock. Four mechanical pretreatment were investigated: knife milling, hammer milling, extrusion, shredding + hydrodynamic cavitation. After pretreatments, the specific methane yield increased in the range from 1% to 13% and the maximum methane production rate increased in the range from 4% to 48%. Each pretreatment leads to a positive energy balance (0.14-27 kJ kJ(-1) used). The increasing of energy consumption indicates a more intense pretreatment with an incremental reduction of particles with diameter bigger than 5 mm. On the basis of the calculated regression analysis, a specific combination of additional specific surface area and additional energy in the day of maximum methane production should be expected with mechanical pretreatment that run effectively at full-scale level.

Coffee, the most globally prevalent beverage, entails environmental and economic consequences due to the high content of toxic compounds in leftover from brewing. Waste-to-energy technologies propose recovering energy from solid or liquid wastes via various treatment methods. This study investigates the environmental performance of the spent coffee ground application in pellet production as a valuable bio-product by life cycle assessment. System boundaries comprise four stages: (1) spent coffee ground collection; (2) pellet production; (3) thermal energy generation; and (4) waste disposal. The LCA model is interpreted by ReCipe 2016 in both midpoint and endpoint levels per 1 MJ of thermal energy as functional unit. Alternative waste-to-energy approaches into transesterification, pyrolysis, and direct combustion of spent coffee ground are also assessed. The impact assessment shows that the pelletizing process significantly contributes to all impact categories except ozone formation and terrestrial ecotoxicity, which is influenced primarily by the transportation process in the spent coffee ground collection stage. The spent coffee ground pellet can lead to climate change mitigation, and reduction in freshwater eutrophication and use of resources due to credits from ash disposed to landfill. Biodiesel is the worst potential option among alternative scenarios, while pellet production and bio-oil demonstrate the most favorable environmental profiles for all impact categories. Damage assessment indicates that pellet production and alternative scenarios mainly influence human health.

The growing global energy demand requires the continuous development and optimization of the production of alternative energy sources. According to the circular economy approach, waste conversion into biogas and biomethane represent an interesting energy source. The input into the distribution network and energy conversion systems of biomethane requires quality monitoring and the use of cleaning up systems. Therefore, there is a need to constantly invest in the development of sampling and analysis systems that save time, costs, and materials. The purpose of this study was to use activated porous carbon fiber (APCF), an extremely versatile material for sampling and analysis by thermal desorption, to show the advantages it has over the adsorbents traditionally used for siloxane monitoring. Siloxanes are among the contaminating compounds that are mainly present in biogas and biomethane, and if not removed sufficiently, they endanger the quality and use of the gas. These are highly harmful compounds since during combustion, they produce quartz particles that are abrasive to the surfaces of the materials involved in the energy production process. In addition, siloxanes directly hinder the energy properties of biomethane during combustion, due to their radical scavenger properties. In this work, the efficiency of APCF tube was evaluated by comparing it with common multilayer tube thought sampling and analyzing siloxanes in lab scale and in real scale (biogas plant). Thermal desorption analysis coupled with GC-MS for the determination of siloxanes showed that the use of APCF allows to obtain better performance. This allows to deduce that APCF is an innovative material for the establishment of a better sampling and analysis method than the current ones, enabling better results to be achieved in the process of monitoring fuel quality in biomethane production and storage facilities.