The discharge of synthetic dyes from the textile industry poses a pressing environmental problem requiring sustainable and efficient photocatalytic treatment. In this work, CaO/activated carbon nanocomposites (CaO/AC NCs) were synthesized by thermal treatment of biowaste, namely eggshells and rice husks, without the use of chemical additives. Comprehensive physicochemical characterizations using FE-SEM, EDX, FTIR, and XRD confirmed the formation of a well-integrated CaO/AC heterointerface with improved surface area and crystallinity. The synthesized nanocomposite (CaO/AC3) exhibited the best architecture for visible-induced photocatalysis at 900°C, with rapid degradation rates of 99.8% for methylene blue (MB, 120 min) and 98.4% for methyl orange (MO, 130 min). Surprisingly, an equimolar mixture of MB and MO was completely degraded within 90 min, indicating optimal charge transport at the interface and strong redox synergy. Kinetic analyses revealed that the photocatalysis follows zero-order kinetics, suggesting dye-independent photocatalytic activity. Mechanistic investigations showed that CaO/AC3 operates via an S-scheme charge transfer mechanism, enabling effective electron-hole separation and maintaining a high redox potential in visible light. Overall, the developed catalyst can therefore be used as an efficient and effective photocatalyst, killing two birds with one stone. Remarkably, the calculated quantum yield of waste-derived CaO/AC3 (4.948 × 10−6 (MB) and 4.734 × 10−4 (MO)) is significantly higher than that of other reported chemically synthesized photocatalysts (e.g., rGO/TiO2, Ni-doped/TiO2, and Cds/CoFe2O4). Moreover, CaO/AC3 exhibited remarkable stability with an efficiency exceeding 95% over five consecutive cycles. This work not only elucidates the relationship between the structure and properties of the S-scheme in the charge migration of biowaste heterostructures but also establishes a scalable, environmentally friendly approach for finely tuned, second-generation photocatalysts for the purification of industrial wastewater.

Engineering binder-free thin-film electrocatalysts directly on porous metallic substrates can significantly enhance the kinetics of the alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Herein, we present an aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition (AACVD) strategy for the growth of a Pd-V2O3 heterostructured thin film on nickel foam, without the need for polymeric binders or post-deposition treatments. Structural and compositional analyses confirm the formation of crystalline Pd and V2O3 phases, exhibiting intimate interfacial contact and uniform surface coverage. Electrochemical evaluation in 1.0 M KOH reveals that the Pd-V2O3 delivers an outstanding current density of -1000 mA cm- 2 at a low overpotential of -300 mV, accompanied by a small Tafel slope of 24 mV dec- 1, indicating rapid HER kinetics. The catalyst maintains stable HER operation for 48 h at current densities of -50 and -100 mA cm- 2, with no noticeable morphological or compositional degradation. The combination of scalable, single-step AACVD fabrication, binder-free architecture, and synergistic metal-oxide interface engineering establishes Pd-V2O3 as a promising electrocatalyst for efficient and durable alkaline hydrogen production.

Durable and cost-effective electrocatalysts used for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) under acidic conditions are essential for advancing proton exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolysis. Herein, we report the direct deposition of pristine Co, pristine Rh, and binary RhCo alloy thin-film electrocatalysts on porous titanium foam via a single-step aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition process. Electrochemical measurements in 0.5 M H2SO4 show that the wrinkled mesoporous RhCo alloy exhibits significantly enhanced HER activity compared to pristine Rh and Co films. The optimized RhCo catalyst, achieves a low overpotential of -190 mV at -1000 mA cm- 2, a small Tafel slope of 31 mV dec- 1 and stable operation at current densities of -25, -50, and -100 mA cm- 2 over 100 h. Importantly, the reduced Rh content, enhanced activity, and better stability of RhCo alloy catalysts improve their economic feasibility for practical PEM water electrolyzer applications.

Background:Vitamin C is a vital nutrient that functions as an antioxidant and is important as a co-factor and regulator of several immune system pathways. The role of vitamin C in the treatment of COVID-19 is largely debatable. We conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vitamin C in the treatment of COVID-19. Methods:We searched several electronic databases from inception to March 2023 to retrieve randomized controlled trials on the use of vitamin C for COVID-19. RevMan 5.4 was used to calculate risk ratios (RRs) and mean differences (MDs) along with confidence intervals (95% CI) using a random-effects model. Results:We included nine randomized controlled trials in our meta-analysis. Vitamin C did not reduce the all-cause mortality in patients with COVID-19 compared to the standard treatment (RR 0.92, 95% CI: 0.83-1.02; I 2 = 1%). Vitamin C was found to be associated with a similar incidence of ventilation in COVID-19 patients when compared to standard treatment (RR 0.98, 95% CI: 0.87-1.11, I 2 = 0%). There were no significant differences between both groups regarding the incidence of hospitalization (RR 1.00, 95% CI: 0.98-1.02; I 2 = 0%), incidence of recovery (RR 1.57, 95% CI: 0.45-5.50; I 2 = 52%), hospital mortality (RR 0.68, 95% CI: 0.44-1.06; I 2 = 0%) and length of hospital stay (MD -0.63, 95% CI: -3.04 to 1.78; I 2 = 81%). Conclusion:Vitamin C administration did not reduce all-cause mortality in COVID-19 patients. Additional studies are required to evaluate the role of vitamin C in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 especially in ICU patients.

Electrocatalytic upgrading of biomass-derived 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) is a promising route toward sustainable chemical production. Herein, cobalt-nickel (CoNi) bimetallic alloy was synthesized using aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition (AACVD). The catalyst exhibited a densely packed surface morphology, while X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron (XPS) analyses confirmed the formation of CoNi alloy phase. The CoNi catalyst demonstrated remarkable activity for HMF oxidation (HMFOR) in alkaline medium, requiring a low overpotential of just 1.27 V vs RHE to deliver 10 mA cm(-)& sup2;, compared to 1.54 V vs RHE for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Electrochemical analyses revealed a low charge-transfer resistance (R-ct) of 0.051 Omega, facilitating fast redox kinetics supported by a low exchange current density (j(0)) of 2.15 mA cm(-)& sup2;.Turnover frequency (TOF) analysis demonstrated that the CoNi alloy (2.40 s(-)& sup1;) nearly doubled the activity of single-metal Co (1.36 s(-1)) and Ni (1.66 s(-1)), indicating a strong synergistic effect. Chronoamperometric (CA) testing achieved outstanding performance, with 99.16% HMF conversion, 98.12% FDCA yield, and a Faradaic efficiency of 97.47%. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirm these results, showing favorable HMF adsorption energy (-3.991 eV) and stabilization of the HMFCA* intermediate (Delta G = -1.462 eV). Stability tests over seven cycles confirmed robust performance (yields >96%) with minimal degradation. This work points AACVD-derived Co-Ni alloys as highly efficient, scalable bifunctional electrocatalysts for green biomass valorization.

Zincite (ZnO) nanoparticles are prepared by adopting reflux assisted co-precipitation method. Prepared product is subjected to different instrumental techniques to investigate its morphology and lattice structure. Rietveld refinements are performed on XRD results and values of various lattice parameters are calculated and structural model of ZnO is predicted. The morphology of the product is analyzed with the help of scanning and transmission electron microscopies (SEM and TEM). The size of prepared nanoparticles is in the range of 80–100 nm where as some larger particles having irregular morphology with size up to 1 μm are also observed in the product. Prepared product is also used as fuel additive and its effect on different fuel parameters is studied. The combustion characteristics (flash and fire point) and physical characteristics (cloud and pour point, kinematic viscosity and specific gravity) of fuel are studied in the presence of 10, 15 and 20 ppm dosage of additive. ZnO is used as nanoadditive for enhancing concrete durability. Concrete pellets are formed with different dosage (0, 0.1, 0.5, 1.5 w/w%) of nanoadditive. Ratio of cement, sand and nanoadditive is kept as 33:66:1 respectively in all concrete samples with constant amount of water. Effect of nanoadditve is studied on different properties of cement such as aging, porosity, compressive strength, specific heat, thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity. ZnO nanoadditive is found to be effective in modulating both mechanical and thermal properties of concrete samples.

Engineering hydrogen evolution electrocatalysts with reduced noble metal content while maintaining high activity, durability and scalability is critical for practical water electrolysis. Herein, binderless Rh–V₂O₃ heterostructured coatings were directly grown on nickel foam via a one-step aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition process and evaluated for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in 1.0 M KOH. The Rh–V₂O₃ composite delivers overpotentials of only 12 and 220 mV at − 10 and − 1000 mA cm⁻², respectively, outperforming pristine Rh and benchmark Pt/C. The catalyst exhibits a low Tafel slope of 39 mV dec⁻¹, reduced charge-transfer resistance, and excellent operational stability over 48 h at − 25 and − 50 mA cm⁻². Structural analyses reveal the formation of a whisker-like heterostructured nanoarchitecture with nearly 1:1 Rh-to-V stoichiometry, providing abundant exposed active sites and enhanced interfacial interactions. The combination of efficient noble-metal utilization, binderless coating architecture, and potentially scalable fabrication demonstrates a practical strategy for developing durable metal–oxide electrocatalysts for sustainable hydrogen production.

Nickel-based superalloys, particularly Inconel-718 (IN718), are widely recognized for their excellent resistance to high temperatures, corrosion, and mechanical stress, making them ideal for applications in turbine blades, rocket engines, and high-stress components. This study presents the development of IN718 hybrid composites with enhanced mechanical and thermal properties. Graphene oxide is incorporated to create a carbon-rich environment that facilitates carbide formation within Inconel, while titanium carbonitride (TiCN) is utilized to control grain growth and provide an additional strengthening phase. The composite samples showed a significant improvement in thermal conductivity, from 8.06 to 12.25 W/m & sdot;K, and in indentation hardness (up to 3.57 GPa) and elastic modulus (up to 187 GPa). The enhanced mechanical properties were attributed to the precipitation of fine chromium and niobium carbides within the composites. These improvements make the developed superalloy composites promising candidates for applications in the oil, gas, chemical, and aerospace industries.

The progress in electrochemical water splitting necessitates robust, efficient, and bifunctional catalysts to enable economical green hydrogen production. For this purpose, designing economically viable electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is crucial for modern energy-conversion technology. In this work, we fabricated ternary CuNiPd (CNP) alloy on nickel foam (NF) as a support using a straightforward aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition method (AACVD). The deposition was carried out for varying durations of 1, 2, 3, and 4 h (CNP-1, CNP-2, CNP-3, and CNP-4) to tailor the fabricated catalyst into a range of nanostructures. Among all, the CNP-3 catalyst achieved a mulberry-like structure, demonstrating excellent catalytic performance for HER and OER. It reached 10 mA cm-2 at overpotentials of 56 mV and 256 mV, with small Tafel slopes of 28 mV dec-1 and 23 mV dec-1, respectively. Meanwhile, this catalyst persistently performed HER and OER for 75 h under applied potentials of-1.75 V and 1.75 V (Vs RHE), respectively. The remarkable performance demonstrated by CNP-3 catalyst is credited to the synergy among the tri-metals (Cu, Ni, and Pd) on the surface of NF. This synergy resulted in enhanced activity, along with the mulberry morphology providing abundant active sites, rendering it highly efficient for catalyzing HER/OER and other potential electrochemical applications.

A novel 50% Inconel-50% cobalt (50 IN-50 Co) superalloy composite was developed via an advanced powder metallurgy spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique. The microstructural characteristics and electrochemical corrosion behavior of the composite were extensively studied to reveal its potential for industrial applications that demand excellent corrosion resistance properties. Field emissions scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) revealed a homogeneous distribution of IN718 and Co212 alloys within each other, with good interfacial integrity free of secondary phases, reaction products, or voids. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed characteristic peaks corresponding to the pure IN718 and Co212 alloys, respectively, affirming successful composite formation without any secondary phases. Electrochemical corrosion tests, including open circuit potential (OCP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), linear polarization resistance (LPR), and cyclic potentiodynamic polarization (CPDP), were conducted to assess the alloy's corrosion resistance. Results demonstrated that the 50 IN-50 Co composite exhibited a substantial enhancement in corrosion resistance, with a charge transfer resistance (Rct) approximately 378% higher than pure IN718 and 123% higher than Co212, along with a polarization resistance (Rp) approximately 36% higher than both IN718 and Co212. The composite's superior corrosion resistance is attributed to an effective passive film formation and enhanced charge transfer resistance. LPR measurements corroborated these findings, with the alloy demonstrating the lowest corrosion current density and the highest polarization resistance. CPDP curves indicated a lower current density and a more comprehensive passivation potential range, suggesting effective surface passivation and reduced pitting susceptibility. These findings highlight the promising potential of the superalloy composite for diverse industrial applications in harsh and corrosive environments. This detailed characterization offers crucial insights for newly developed alloys with customized corrosion resistance, which is essential for use in challenging industrial and engineering environments.

This paper aimed to explore the electrocatalytic oxidation (ECO) of biomass-derived 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) as a crucial step in the production of a sustainable and biodegradable polymer. In this work, CoNi was synthesized through aerosol-assisted chemical deposition with varying deposition times of 1h and 2h. Comparative studies revealed that CoNi deposited at 1h exhibited superior catalytic activity in terms of overpotential and lowest onset potential for HMF oxidation. In addition, CoNi-1h exhibited superior electrocatalytic activity, achieving an impressive HMF conversion rate of 88.24%. Furthermore, the successful electrocatalytic oxidation of HMF using these electrodes holds promising implications for the replacement of traditional polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and the production of valuable chemical FDCA. The utilization of biomass-derived HMF for FDCA synthesis through electrocatalysis not only presents a sustainable alternative but also contributes to the development of biodegradable polymers, addressing the environmental concerns associated with conventional plastics.

The slow pace of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) presents a major challenge for producing renewable hydrogen energy via electrocatalytic water splitting. To overcome this issue, it is essential to develop highperforming, non-precious metal-based electrocatalysts that improve OER efficiency and advance water electrolysis technology. This study investigates the OER activity of CoFe2O4 thin-film electrocatalysts deposited on nickel foam (NF) using an aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition method. The catalyst coatings, CoFe2O4@NF, were prepared for 30, 60, and 120 min to optimize mass loading, surface morphology, and catalytic active sites, enhancing OER performance in 1 M KOH. The 30-minute catalyst demonstrated an impressive current density of 1 A cm-2 at a relatively low potential of 1.62 V (vs. RHE), attributed to the enhanced electrical conductivity provided by the uniform nanospherical CoFe2O4 layer supported on the NF scaffold, as evidenced by a low Tafel slope of 50.2 mV dec-1. Additionally, the strong interaction of the catalyst layer with NF ensures excellent long-term stability, with the OER performance maintained for up to 24 h. These findings indicate that the CoFe2O4@NF catalysts developed in this study offer a promising, cost-effective alternative to noble metal catalysts for generating affordable and clean energy in water-splitting devices.

This meta-analysis aims to compare chest compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CO-CPR) with standard CPR (sCPR), which includes mouth-to-mouth ventilation, as potential strategies for managing out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). We systematically searched various databases and registries such as MEDLINE, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and Clinicaltrials.gov to retrieve relevant studies. We used the revised Cochrane “Risk of Bias” tool for randomized trials (RoB 2.0) to assess the risk of bias in included studies. Revman 5.4 was used to pool dichotomous outcomes under a random effects model. A total of 4 randomized controlled trials were included in our meta-analysis. Our results indicate that CO-CPR was associated with a significantly increased survival to hospital discharge compared to sCPR [relative risk (RR) 1.22, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01 to 1.46] with minimal heterogeneity (I2=0%). No significant difference was observed between the two groups regarding 1-day survival (RR 1.07, 95% CI: 0.94 to 1.23), survival to hospital admission with a good neurological outcome (cerebral performance category 1 or 2) (RR 1.10, 95% CI: 0.80 to 1.51), return of spontaneous circulation (RR 1.05, 95% CI: 0.95 to 1.17), and survival to hospital admission (RR 1.08, 95% CI: 0.93 to 1.25). This meta-analysis found that chest CO-CPR significantly improves survival to hospital discharge compared to sCPR for managing OHCA, while yielding comparable results for other resuscitation outcomes.

Inconel 718 (IN718) is a high-performance nickel-based superalloy extensively utilized in critical applications; however, its tribological behavior under severe conditions continues to raise significant concerns. This study investigated the effects of various fabrication methods, including selective laser melting (SLM), spark plasma sintering (SPS), and cast samples, on the tribo-mechanical performance of the IN718 alloy under dry sliding conditions. A thorough analysis was performed via microstructural characterization, nanoindentation testing, and performance evaluation to establish correlations among processing techniques, microstructural evolution, and material performance. All three techniques yielded samples characterized by high densification (>= 98 %) while maintaining structural integrity. Nevertheless, the SPS-fabricated samples demonstrated the highest elastic modulus (approximate to 200 GPa), suggesting superior stiffness, attributable to their fine-grained, densely consolidated microstructure, along with a moderate hardness value of approximately 290 HV and enhanced wear resistance, indicated by the lowest specific wear rate (approximate to 32.471 mu m(3)/Nm) and a low coefficient of friction (COF approximate to 0.585). This outstanding performance is linked to their fine-grain structure, improved elastic modulus, and diminished porosity, resulting in greater resistance to plastic deformation and wear-induced material removal. These findings underscore the pivotal role of fabrication techniques in optimizing the tribological and mechanical performance of IN718 alloys, providing valuable insights for the advancement of high-performance components in demanding engineering applications.

Inconel 718 (IN718) superalloy was mechanically alloyed with TiCN and graphene oxide and then sintered using the spark plasma sintering technique. The hybrid powder mixture was sintered at 1000°C for 10 minutes. Complex carbides of the type M7C3 and MC were formed during sintering while the composition and the lattice parameter of TiCN were shifted. Detailed analysis of the precipitates was conducted after eliminating the effect of the Ni-based matrix by electrochemically dissolving the matrix (IN718) in an electrolyte of methanol and 10

Metal alloys composed of noble and transition metals are effective catalysts for accelerating the kinetics of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) during water electrolysis. In this study, metallic ruthenium (Ru), binary cobalt-nickel (CoNi), and ternary ruthenium-cobalt-nickel (RuCoNi) alloy thin films are fabricated on a graphite sheet substrate using a chemical vapor deposition technique to evaluate their HER performance in an acidic medium. The RuCoNi catalyst, with its interconnected faceted microstructure and strong chemical interactions between Ru and CoNi, demonstrates enhanced electronic conductivity and superior HER performance. The optimal RuCoNi alloy achieves a current density of 10 mA cm- 2 at an overpotential of 45 mV and an extraordinary current density of 1000 mA cm- 2 at 165 mV, accompanied by a low Tafel slope of 42.5 mV dec- 1, while maintaining consistent performance over 24 h of continuous operation. Density functional theory supports the experimental results, indicating that the ternary RuCoNi exhibits a smaller Gibbs free energy value of -0.45 eV compared to the individual Ru (-0.5 eV) and binary CoNi (-0.6 eV) catalysts, thereby supporting its enhanced HER activity. This study emphasizes the effectiveness of a simple deposition strategy for creating stable, highperformance thin-film electrocatalysts for large-scale industrial applications.

In context of the continuing energy crisis and the rapid depletion of fossil fuel sources, electrochemical water splitting has received substantial attention as a potential and sustainable route to hydrogen generation, providing a realistic path to a clean energy future. Electrochemical water splitting consists of two half-reactions: the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at the anode and the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) at the cathode. Among these, the OER remains a critical bottleneck due to its sluggish electron transfer kinetics, which significantly hinders the efficiency of water electrolysis. Consequently, the development of robust and cost-effective OER catalysts with low overpotentials is of paramount importance. In this study, bimetallic metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with varying molar ratios of Fe and Ni (1:0, 1:1, 1:3, and 0:1) were synthesized via a solvothermal method and systematically evaluated for their electrochemical performance. Among the synthesized catalysts, the FeNi MOF with a 1:3 M ratio (FeNi 1:3) exhibited the good OER activity, with an onset potential of 1.44 V vs. RHE and necessitating just 232 mV to attain a current density of 10 mA cm- 2. Furthermore, it showed a low Tafel slope of 30.2 mV dec- 1, indicating favorable reaction kinetics and excellent potential for electrochemical applications. The catalyst exhibited high electrochemical active surface area (176.25 cm2) and turn over frequency of 2.80 s-1 at 1.77 V, which is attributed to the abundance of electroactive sites, little charge transfer impedance at the electrode-electrolyte interface, distinctive and uniform rock-like shape, and the synergistic interactions of iron and nickel in a 1:3 ratio. The electrocatalyst also demonstrated high efficiency, distinct morphological characteristics, and exceptional performance in water oxidation, highlighting its potential to advance electrocatalysis and contribute to the development of efficient and reliable and clean energy conversion technologies.

Enhancing the kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is imperative for the advancement of water splitting technology. A promising and pressing approach involves the exploration of effective and durable electrocatalysts derived from 3d transition metals. Herein, we present the fabrication of trimetallic FeNiVOx composite catalysts on nickel foam using aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition approach for investigating the OER in 1 M KOH solution. The catalysts were deposited for 1, 2, and 3 h to optimize important parameters such as mass loading, morphology, and active sites, with the aim of achieving superior OER activity. The catalyst deposited for 3 h needed minimum overpotentials of 370 mV to attain high oxidation current density of 1 A cm- 2 . This outstanding catalytic performance can be attributed to the effective modulation of the electronic structure among Fe, Ni, and V centers, thereby enhancing the intrinsic active sites. The strong connection between the spherical features and the highly conductive nickel foam contributes to the excellent stability of FeNiVOx, enabling it to maintain its OER performance for up to 40 h. Furthermore, the designed catalysts may serve as promising alternatives to noble metal catalysts for the construction of affordable and clean energy water splitting devices.

BACKGROUND:The optimum systolic blood pressure (BP) after endovascular thrombectomy for acute ischaemic stroke is uncertain. We aimed to perform an updated meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the safety and efficacy of more intensive BP management compared to less intensive BP management. METHODS:We searched various electronic databases to retrieve relevant RCTs on the clinical effects of more intensive BP management after endovascular thrombectomy compared to the less intensive management. We calculated odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for dichotomous outcomes. RESULTS:Our meta-analysis included four RCTs with a total of 1560 patients. More intensive BP management (<140 mmHg) was associated with a statistically significant decrease in the number of patients showing functional independence (modified Rankin scale [mRS] score = 0-2) at 90 days (OR 0.69; CI = 0.51-0.94). Regarding 90-day mortality, our pooled results showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups (OR 1.21; CI = 0.89-1.65). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding the incidence of intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) (OR 1.09; CI = 0.85-1.39) and the incidence of symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage (sICH) (OR 1.11; CI = 0.75-1.65). CONCLUSION:According to our meta-analysis, the intensive BP lowering group decreased the number of patients showing functional independence at 90 days. We found no benefit of the intensive lowering of BP on mortality rates and incidence of ICH compared to the conservative BP management. Future large-scale trials should focus on other interventions to improve prognosis in these patients.

Water electrolysis is an effective, carbon-free process for producing clean hydrogen (H2). However, enhancing H2 production rates through alkaline water electrolysis poses significant challenges, particularly in developing efficient, durable, and cost-effective nonplatinum electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). In this study, we designed binary CoNi and ternary PdCoNi alloy catalysts on nickel foam using a modified chemical vapor deposition method for the HER in 1.0 M KOH. The incorporation of 15% atomic Pd significantly enhances the catalytic performance of the binary CoNi alloy. The optimal PdCoNi alloy demonstrates exceptional catalytic metrics, including low overpotentials of 53 mV at 10 mA cm-2 and 330 mV at 1000 mA cm-2, a small Tafel slope of 59 mV dec-1, and excellent durability over 24 h. This positions it as a promising alternative to commercial platinum and many other multicomponent catalysts for HER. The outstanding performance can be attributed to the synergistic interaction between Pd and CoNi, as well as the uniform distribution of active sites and the porous electrode structure, which enhance electron transfer rates and reduce hydrogen adsorption energy on the catalyst surface. The results indicate that employing an effective deposition strategy can yield robust and highly active alloys with minimal noble metal content, thereby significantly enhancing the electrocatalytic performance.