B. Section 7B(3) of the Act provides that a licence granted or treated as granted under the Act may be revoked in accordance with any term contained in it. The terms of the licence provide that the Gas and Electricity Markets Authority ('the Authority") may at any time revoke the licence on giving 30 days' notice to TXU Europe (AHST) Limited where it agrees in writing with the Authority that the licence should be revoked.
Acne is the commonest skin disease, and affects 85% of teenage boys and 80% of teenage girls. More than half of teenagers with acne will obtain advice on treatment from family, friends and pharmacists. However, in 1992 there were approximately 3.5 million consultations for acne with primary care physicians in the UK. Of these, approximately 51 000 were referred for specialist advice. It is clear that rationalisation of acne treatment based on cost-effective analysis will have potential benefit in terms of usage of resources. This article reviews the current epidemiological data on acne, and demonstrates that acne now affects members of a population who are no longer at school, but are in work or tertiary education. This article argues that, due to this shift, the social and economic consequences of acne are quite different from those that occurred 10 years ago. Finally, the article discusses the cost effectiveness of competing therapies for acne, and examines isotretinoin in terms of cost per disease-free years and the utility of the treatment in cost per quality-adjusted life years (QALYs).
Flavone acetic acid (FAA) is a new anticancer agent in Phase II trials in Europe. In preclinical testing FAA showed broad activity against murine solid tumors and minimal activity against murine leukemias. Our interest in studying the combination of FAA and radiation was based on two of its biological effects which might modify radiation damage. First, FAA depletes ATP and inhibits macromolecular synthesis which are needed to repair radiation-induced DNA strand breaks; and second, inhibition of tumor blood flow by FAA could lead to radiobiological hypoxia. Various schedules of FAA (170 mg/kg I.V.) (n = 9, SF = 0.44) and radiation (10 Gy) (n = 9, SF = 0.37) were investigated against s.c. implanted Glasgow osteogenic sarcoma. In the same model we studied both the kinetics of ATP depletion by 31P-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and the repair of radiation induced single and double strand breaks by alkaline elution. The combined response was not significantly different from log-additive when radiation was given 24, 5 or 1 hr before FAA. When FAA was given immediately before radiation an increase in tumor response, significantly different from log-additive (p = 0.03) was observed. This enhancement disappeared when radiation was delayed for between 1 and 48 hr after FAA. While decreased ATP levels and increased response to radiation occurred within minutes after FAA administration, no effect of FAA at either 180 or 200 mg/kg was observed on the repair of radiation induced single or double strand breaks (10 and 50 Gy, respectively; 5 hr after FAA) in spite of significant ATP depletion in the tumors.