Structure groups and individual compositions of the oilstock and catcracking products from section S-200 of KT-1/1 reactor were analyzed. The data obtained were used to suppose about possible reactions of the catalytic cracking. Quantum chemical methods were applied for thermodynamic calculations of probability of the reactions under the process conditions. The formalized scheme of hydrocarbon transformations comprising the feedstock components, light and heavy gasoil was suggested using the calculation results with allowance for the reaction reversibility; it was used for developing the kinetic model of the catalytic cracking process. Kinetic parameters of the reactions were determined by solving the inverse kinetic problem using experimental data (from the industrial facilities of Gaspromneft-Omsk Refinery Co.) and laboratory analytic data. The error of the calculations based on the kinetic model is no more than 5 % that argues for the model adequacy to the real process of catalytic cracking. The developed kinetic model makes it possible to calculate variations in the concentration of the reactants, quantity and composition of the products, as well as to optimize technological modes of the process depending on the process target (an increase in the yield of gasoline of light gasoil), composition and properties of the feedstock under processing.

Results from improving gasoline production efficiency by using a computer system, taking into account intermolecular interactions of blend components in calculating octane numbers of various grades of blended products and the composition change of the feedstock in reforming, isomerization, alkylation, and catalytic cracking processes, are analyzed. The computer system can be used to determine quickly and precisely the optimal component ratio that ensures production of commercial gasolines conforming to all current regulatory requirements.

A refining process without the use of molecular hydrogen or zeolite-containing catalyst for lowgrade gasoline fractions is developed at the Institute of the Petroleum and Petrochemical Industry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, and AO Gazpromneft-ONPZ. The processing of a mixture of coking gasoline and straight-run gasoline fraction of 62–85° reduces the content of unsaturated compounds by 90–95 wt % and that of sulfur compounds by 95–99 wt %, while improving the octane characteristics of the gasoline product by 3–5 points. The catalyst is based on the ultra-stable Y-type zeolite produced in HREE-form by AO Gazpromneft-ONPZ. This technology is unique and has no analogs.

A process for upgrading of low-rank gasoline fractions without the use of molecular hydrogen and a zeolite-containing catalyst for the process was developed by the Institute for Hydrocarbon Processing and JSC Gazpromneft-Omsk Refinery. In processing a mixture of coking gasoline and straight-run gasoline fraction (62–85 °C), the contents of unsaturated and sulfur compounds are allowed to decrease by 90–95 wt.% and by 95–99 wt.%, respectively, and the octane number to increase by 3–5 points. The catalyst is based on the ultrastable HREE zeolite Y produced by the JSC Gazpromneft-Omsk Refinery. The technology is unique, there are no analogues known in the world.

A series of cracking catalysts were developed by the Institute for Hydrocarbon Processing and are produced at the JSC Gazpromneft-Omsk Refinery. There are no world analogues for the unique technology for their production. Specifically, the catalysts are prepared using lamellar zeolite Y with crystals of 0,3–0,5 mm in size and a special matrix consisting of amorphous aluminosilicate, alumina and montmorillonite. At present the catalysts are loaded in four industrial setups with a total feed rate of ca. 7,000,000 t/y. Application of the new technological approaches makes it possible to produce the catalysts that provide the yields of gasoline fractions more than 60 wt.%.

The effect the content of rare-earth elements has on thermostable and catalytic properties of HREEY zeolite in the composition of a catalyst matrix consisting of bentonite clay, amorphous aluminosilicate, and aluminum hydroxide is considered. It is established that when the content of rare-earth elements is increased from 0 to 6.5 wt %, the thermostability of the zeolite rises by approximately 100°C. It is shown that increasing the content of rare-earth elements in the catalyst from 0 to 2 wt % raises the conversion of vacuum gasoil by 8 wt %. An acceptable 77–78% level of the conversion of raw materials is achieved when the REE content in the catalyst is approximately 0.5 wt %. The dependence of the contribution from hydrogen transfer reactions to the REE content in the cracking catalyst is shown as an example of a change in iso -butane content in the sum of formed C 4 -hydrocarbons. Based on laboratory data, a technique for the production of bizeolite cracking catalysts with reduced contents of REEs (M, N brands) is developed and introduced for catalyst production at JSC Gazpromneft-Omsk Oil Refinery.

This paper is devoted to the cooperative works of the Institute of Hydrocarbon Processing (Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences) and JSC Gazprom Neft-Omsk Refinery on the creation of cracking catalysts and additives to them with the purpose of increasing the yield of C3-C4 olefins, reducing the concentration of sulfur compounds in the gasoline product, and ensuring the afterburning of CO during the regeneration of a catalyst. Bizeolite cracking catalysts, which give yields of C3-C4 olefins of no less than 30 wt % and allow us to vary the composition and yield of target reaction products within wide ranges, are developed. Mixed oxides or modified Y and/or ZSM-5 zeolites are proposed as cracking catalyst additives that result in a 35% reduction in the concentration of sulfur compounds in gasoline (as compared to an equilibrium catalyst). A manganese oxide based additive is proposed for the efficient afterburning of CO, and a pilot batch of this additive is produced by JSC Gazprom Neft-Omsk Refinery and tested at an industrial plant. It is shown that the amount of manganese oxide based additive required to ensure a residual CO concentration of less than 20 ppm is 20% lower than for a platinum-containing additive. The developed catalysts and additives to them can be synthesized on the basis of the catalysts produced at JSC Gazprom Neft-Omsk Refinery.

The influence of the content of rare earth elements (REE) on the thermal stability and catalytic properties of HREEY zeolites embedded in catalyst matrices that consist of bentonite clay, amorphous silica-alumina, and aluminum hydroxide is studied. It is found that an increase in the REE content from 0,0 to 6,5 wt.% increases the thermal stability of the zeolite by about 100 °C. It is shown that the increase in the REE content from 0 to 2 wt.% raises the conversion of vacuum gas oil by 8 wt.%. The acceptable level of conversion (77–78 %) of raw materials can be achieved with the content of REE of about 0,5 wt.%. The dependence of hydrogen transfer reactions on the content of REE in the cracking catalysts is exemplified by changes in the amount of isobutane in produced C4-hydrocarbons. On the basis of laboratory data, a technology for production of bizeolite cracking catalysts with a low content of REE (grades M, H) has been developed and implemented at JSC «Gazprom Neft–Omsk Refinery».

The paper is devoted to collaboration between IHP SB RAS and JSC «Gazprom Neft–Omsk Refinery» in designing of new cracking catalysts and additives to them. The catalysts were designed to increase the production of C3-C4 olefins, to reduce the content of sulfur compounds in the gasoline-product, and to ensure the afterburning of CO during the catalyst regeneration. The new bizeolite cracking catalysts provide the yield of C3-C4 olefins of at least 30 wt.% and allow a wide variation of compositions and yields of desired products. The addition of mixed oxides or modified zeolites Y and/or ZSM-5 to the cracking catalysts can reduce the content of sulfur compounds in gasoline by 35 % (compared with an equilibrium catalyst). For efficient afterburning of CO, an additive based on manganese oxide was proposed. A pilot batch of the additive was produced and industrially tested at JSC «Gazprom Neft–Omsk Refinery». It was shown that to provide the residual content of CO below 20 ppm, this additive is required in amount by 20 % higher than a platinum-containing additive. Developed catalysts and additives to them can be produced at JSC «Gazprom Neft-Omsk Refinery».

The effect the content of rare earth elements has on thermostable and catalytic properties of HREEY zeolite in the composition of a catalyst matrix consisting of bentonite clay, amorphous aluminosili cate, and aluminum hydroxide is considered. It is established that when the content of rare earth elements is increased from 0 to 6.5 wt %, the thermostability of the zeolite rises by approximately 100°C. It is shown that increasing the content of rare earth elements in the catalyst from 0 to 2 wt % raises the conversion of vacuum gasoil by 8 wt %. An acceptable 77–78% level of the conversion of raw materials is achieved when the REE content in the catalyst is approximately 0.5 wt %. The dependence of the contribution from hydrogen transfer reactions to the REE content in the cracking catalyst is shown as an example of a change in iso butane con tent in the sum of formed C4 hydrocarbons. Based on laboratory data, a technique for the production of bizeolite cracking catalysts with reduced contents of REEs (M, N brands) is developed and introduced for catalyst production at JSC Gazpromneft–Omsk Oil Refinery.