Oral frailty, a decline in oral function, is increasingly recognized as a marker of general frailty and adverse outcomes in older adults. However, nationwide data in Thailand are limited. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of oral frailty among community-dwelling older adults in Thailand and to explore demographic factors associated with the condition using the validated Thai version of the Oral Frailty Five-Item (OF-5) screening tool. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 507 adults aged ≥ 60 years, using proportional sampling from five major regions: North, Northeast, Central, South, and the Bangkok Metropolitan Region. Oral frailty was assessed using the OF-5 questionnaire, which includes five indicators: tooth loss, chewing difficulty, swallowing difficulty, dry mouth, and reduced articulatory oral motor skills. Participants scoring ≥ 2 were classified as having oral frailty. Logistic regression was performed to identify demographic factors associated with the condition. Overall, 63.5

BackgroundWith demographic changes in aging populations, dentists require special care protocols to treat older adults with diverse and complex oral health needs and problems. Knowledge, positive attitudes, and sufficient practice experience are essential components for promptly treating older adults. However, many dentists encounter multiple barriers influencing their willingness to provide care for older adults. This study assessed Indonesian dentists' knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) in providing oral health care (OHC) for older adults, including their willingness and barriers.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey was conducted with 392 dentists employing an online questionnaire between April and June 2022. The respondents' KAP was categorised utilising a modified Blooms' cut‐off point of ≥60%. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, the x2 test, and logistic regression.ResultsMost dentists demonstrated adequate knowledge (62.2%), a positive attitude (95.4%), sufficient practice experience (91.6%), and a high willingness (98%) to provide OHC services for older adults. However, 91.4% encountered barriers primarily related to interpersonal communication, disease complexity and polypharmacy, and patient functional status. Significant associations were found between dentists' attitudes toward practices and willingness to attend geriatric dentistry training with knowledge.ConclusionImplementation of continuing professional development (CPD) in geriatric dentistry, the inclusion of geriatric dentistry into the undergraduate curriculum, and enhancing clinic accessibility for older adults may improve dentists' preparedness and benefit the future provision of OHC for older adults in Indonesia.

Aim To evaluate the effect of a salivary gland massage program to improve salivary flow, swallowing, and oral hygiene in older type 2 diabetes patients. Methods This randomized control trial consisted of 73 older diabetes patients with a low salivary flow; 39 and 34 in intervention and control groups, respectively. The intervention group received a salivary gland massage from a trained dental nurse, whereas the control group received a dental education. The salivary flow rates were collected using spit methods at baseline, 1‐month and 3‐month follow up. All participants were examined for the objective and subjective symptoms of xerostomia, the Simplified Debris Index and the Repetitive Saliva Swallowing Test. Results After 3 months, the resting (0.32 vs 0.14 mL/min, P < 0.001) and stimulating salivary flow (3.66 vs 2.83 mL/min, P = 0.025) in the intervention group was significantly higher than the control group. The objective symptoms in the intervention group were significantly lower than the control group after 3 months (1.41 vs 2.26, P = 0.001). The participants who were able to swallow least three times in the Repetitive Saliva Swallowing Test in the intervention group increased by 35.89% after 3 months, whereas the control group increased by 8.82%. Oral hygiene was improved in both groups, but the changes in the intervention were significantly greater than in the control group. Conclusions The 3‐month salivary glands massage program increases the salivary flow rate, and affects swallowing, objective dry mouth symptoms and oral hygiene in older patients with type 2 diabetes. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; 23: 549–557 .

To thoroughly review the literature on chemical oral health care interventions in the elderly without mechanical ventilation and the denouement of AP. The prevention of AP in the elderly using oral health care seems to play an important role reducing the microorganisms that cause of the lung infection. The intervention studies in the elderly were searched by Pubmed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and EMBASE. The method of evaluated processing the quality was independently shown in the journals by two other authors. The intervention studies were included in six studies. Four studies showed that oral care plus chlorhexidine gluconate (variable in concentration 0.05%, 0.12% and 0.2%) to improve of oral care reducing the risk of AP. Two studies showed that cetylpyridinium chloride, decreased the number of oral anaerobic bacteria that caused a lower respiratory tract infection. As reported by the results, the current thorough review of the literature, chemical oral health care, consisting of chlorhexidine gluconate, cetylpyridinium chloride, seem to be the best chemical mouthwash agent in reducing the risk of developing AP. Review (J Int Dent Med Res 2020; 13(1): 372-378)

The purpose of this study was to compare the cost-effectiveness of reducing dentin hypersensitivity between brushing and massage with desensitizing toothpaste method and dentinal tubule sealant application method. The subject was selected 73 volunteers with sensitive teeth, dividing into 2 groups. First group, subjects were brushed with desensitizing toothpaste and massaged at the sensitive area of the tooth with desensitizing toothpaste for 1 minute, once per day. Second group, subjects were applied dentinal tubule sealant by the dentist only 1 time. Evaluated the dentin hypersensitivity by air-blast stimulation and cold test by using Visual Analog Scale before the study and 8 weeks. Cost-effectiveness analysis by the ratio of total cost (labor cost +non labor cost + investment cost) of each treatment (baht per tooth) to the effectiveness (reducing dentin hypersensitivity) of the each treatment. The cost-effectiveness for the dentinal tubule sealant application method (410.3 bath/tooth) were 4.74 time higher than that brushing and massage with desensitizing toothpaste method (86.50 baht /tooth) for reduces tooth hypersensitivity. For conclusion: The cost-effectiveness of reducing dentin hypersensitivity by brushing and massage with desensitizing toothpaste method is lower than dentinal tubule sealant application method, might be the choice of treatment for patients. Clinical article (J Int Dent Med Res 2020; 13(1): 236-240)

To evaluate the effectiveness of tongue cleaning plus mouthwash on the number of microorganisms caused pneumonia in bedridden elderly patients. Twelve bedridden elderly participated in this crossover design. The participants were randomly divided into three groups of tongue cleaning methods as follows: group 1, chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX); group 2, water (W); group 3, povidone iodine (PVP-I). The number of microorganisms caused aspiration pneumonia (total anaerobic bacteria, total aerobic bacteria, Streptococci, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and Candida spp. were measured on the dorsal of tongue surface at baseline, rapidly and at 3 hours after tongue cleaning. The percentage of the number of microorganisms reduction for tongue cleaned with CHX (> 60 % for all) were higher than PVP-I and W group, and trended to continue effect for 3 hours. The percentage of reduction for tongue cleaned plus CHX was significant differences in the number of total anaerobic bacteria, total aerobic bacteria, Streptococci, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa after cleaning and 3 hours after cleaning compared to W group. The effectiveness of tongue cleaning plus CHX to reduce the number of bacteria was no difference the tongue cleaning plus PVP-I. For the number of Candida spp., the CHX was significant differences in rapidly after cleaning but only the CHX group was significantly in 3 hours after cleaning compared to PVP-I and W. CHX might be recommended for clinical practice guideline of tongue cleaning in the bedridden elderly patients. Clinical article (J Int Dent Med Res 2020; 13(4): 1341-1348)

The purpose of this study was to compare the reducing dentin hypersensitivity between brushing and massage with desensitizing toothpaste method and dentinal tubule sealant application method. The subject was selected 73 volunteers with sensitive teeth, dividing into 2 groups. First group, subjects were brushed with desensitizing toothpaste and massaged with desensitizing toothpaste (Strontium chloride). Second group, subjects were applied dentinal tubule sealant (Resin-containing oxalate) by the dentist. The Visual Analog Scale was used as a measuring tool to record data at baseline, 2, 4 and 8 weeks respectively. The results found that both methods were able to reduce dentin hypersensitivity from baseline values as statistically significant (p <0.05) in 2, 4 and 8 weeks. The percentage of reductions were not significantly different in 2 and 4 weeks. Except week 8, it was found that the brushing and massage with desensitizing toothpaste method reduced the dentin hypersensitivity more than dentinal tubule sealant application method as statistically significant (p <0.05) when tested with cold water. The brushing and massage with desensitizing toothpaste method can effectively reduce dentin hypersensitivity not different from the dentinal tubule sealant application method, which might be the choice of treatment for patients. Clinical article (J Int Dent Med Res 2020; 13(1): 332-336)

Purpose: The objectives of this study were 1.To examine the oral health status of children with special health care needs and 2. To evaluate a preventive oral health care program for these children.Method: Subjects included 32 children in a special health care needs school who were given an oral examination.The DMFT/dmft and DI-S indices were used to assess their oral health status.A preventive oral health care program was developed by focus group discussion (teachers, parents, caregivers, and dental students).The children's oral health status was evaluated 1 year after the initiation of a preventive oral health program.Result: In the year 2015, the average DMFT and dmft scores were 3.2 and 2.23, respectively, and DI-S score was 2.15.The preventive oral health care program consisted of the following: 1.A policy for fruit or non-sugar or low-sugar between-meal snacks; 2. Instruction for the children to brush their teeth after meals; and 3. Routine fluoride mouth rinsing after snack time.After the preventive oral health program, the average DMFT and dmft scores in the year 2016 were 1.4 and 1.6, respectively, and the average DI-S score was 2.1.Conclusion: The oral health status of children with special health care needs was poor.A preventive oral health care program was effective at improving the oral health of children with special needs.Participation of all stakeholders was important.

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of anterior open bite and interpret its related factors. A cross-sectional study was carried out in 400 dental patients (169 males, 231 females, ages from 4 years, mean age 31 + 21.9 years) who attended dental hospital, Naresuan university. The presence of anterior open bite and other factors was collected with clinical examination and history taking by one trained dentist. Ninety one patients (25.7%) presented anterior open bite. The patients aged 4-18 years presented the most prevalence compared with others. Logistic regression showed tongue-thrust swallowing and non-nutritive sucking were significantly related to anterior open bite with Odd ratio = 2.5 (1.302-5.933) and 3.5 (1.429-8.411) respectively. For relationship between anterior open bite and other types of malocclusion, we found spacing of maxillary incisors and large overjet were significantly related to anterior open bite with Odd ratio = 5.6 (2.093-14.929) and 1.6 (1.121-2.453) respectively. In conclusion, dental patients of the lower northern part of Thailand presented a high prevalence of anterior open bite which related to certain types of malocclusion and abnormal oral habits. Dentist should realize this high prevalence and emphasize the management of anterior open bite and its related factor which could be the main problem in dental treatment procedure. Keywords: Prevalence, anterior open bite, Thailand

Silver diamine fluoride application and CO2 laser exposure are new alternative treatments for dentin hypersensitivity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of silver diamine fluoride and CO2 laser in reducing the dentin hypersensitivity score. The study consisted of a single-blind, split-mouth design, and a randomized controlled trial involving 16 subjects with symptoms of sensitive teeth, with at least two hypersensitive teeth that were positive in evaporative or thermal tests. Silver diamine fluoride and CO2 laser were applied to the surfaces of the subjects' teeth. This clinical study demonstrated that the application of silver diamine fluoride and CO2 laser reduced dentin hypersensitivity significantly (p = 0.000 for evaporative and thermal stimuli).

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess oral health status in children with thalassemia major, and the association of oral health status with oral-health related to quality of life. Methods: This cross-sectional study was comprised of 81 patients from various parts of lower northern Thailand. The study consisted of an interview and intraoral examination on thalassemia children at the hospital while they were undergoing routine blood transfusions. Data regarding OHI-S, DMFT/dmft and child-OIDP were determined for all the subjects. Results: The prevalence of oral impacts was high; 82.8% of all children reported at least one oral impact affecting their daily performance according to the Child-OIDP. The most prevalent impact was difficulty in eating. Conclusion: The risks of oral disease in thalassemia children remain high which affect their quality of life.

Background: The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence and colonisation of Candida species and to study the factors related to candidal colonisation in the oral cavity among type II diabetic patients. Methods: The data of 102 diabetic patients was collected from the Outpatient Diabetic Clinic at the Naresuan University Hospital. Data was collected via a questionnaire and oral examination. The subjects were measured for their fasting blood sugar levels and salivary pH. Candida colonisation was assessed using saliva sampling, and was cultured on CHROMagar Candida plates. Species and colony forming unit/mL were recorded. Results: The results showed that the prevalence of oral Candida species in diabetic patients was 73.5%. The most frequent candidal species in diabetics were Candida albicans (68.6%), followed by C. glabrata (28.4%), C. tropicalis (10.8%), and C. krusei (2.0%) respectively. There was no statistical significance between the fasting plasma glucose levels and oral Candida species colonisation. Logistic regression showed that a decrease of the salivary pH was related to the colonisation of candidal species. Results showed that the use of a dental prosthesis was a related factor to the colonisation of candidal species (p < 0.05). Conclusions: A high prevalence of candidal species were found in type II diabetic patients. Salivary pH and use of a dental prosthesis are factors that promote candidal infections in type II diabetic patients

Objective: To determine the prevalence of abnormal oral habits and its relation to malocclusion among the dental patients of the lower north part of Thailand. Materials and methods: A cross sectional study was constructed in 400 dental patients (169 males, 231 females, ages 4 years and over, mean age 31 years who attended at dental hospital, Naresuan university. Information about abnormal oral habits was obtained with questionnaire interviews and clinical examination. Malocclusion were also examined by one trained dentist. Results: Seventy seven percent of all patients presented at least one abnormal oral habit. The most prevalent habit were tongue-thrust swallowing (62.3%) followed by lip-sucking/biting (25.5%), mouth-breathing (16.9%), nail-biting (15.0%), digit-sucking (10.3%), other-object biting (6.5%), otherobject sucking (3.5%) and pacifier-sucking (2.5%). The younger groups showed significant higher percentage of many habits (digit-sucking, lipsucking/biting and nail-biting) than the older groups (p<0.05). Logistic regression showed tongue-thrust swallowing associated with anterior open bite with Odd ratio (OR = 11.3), anterior crossbite (OR = 4.3), mesioclusion (OR = 3.7) and protrusion of maxillary incisors (OR = 2.9) compared with the absence of this habit. Conclusion: The high prevalence of abnormal oral habits was found in dental patients of the lower northern part of Thailand. Tongue-thrust swallowing was the most prevalent habit which associated with various types of malocclusion. Dentist should concern for management of abnormal oral habits which could affect success and failure of the treatment.

Oral health contributes physically and psychologically to quality of life. Objective: To investigate the relationship of oral health status with oral health related and general Quality of Life (QOL) in elderly. Methods: Subjects were 612 community dwelling Thai aged 60 years or older. A questionnaire was evaluate socio-demographics, general oral health assessment index (GOHAI) and world health organization quality of life (WHOQOL). Oral examinations assessed teeth present, decayed teeth, gingival bleeding, pocket depth, functional tooth units (FTUs) and salivary flow rate. Results: For dentate subjects (n=428), logistic regression showed that teeth present, decayed teeth, gingival bleeding, pocket depth, FTUs and saliva flow rate were associated with GOHAI (p<0.05). Regarding WHOQOL, teeth present, gingival bleeding and FTUs were associated with physical domain (p<0.05). Teeth present, decayed teeth, gingival bleeding and FTUs were related with psychological domain (p<0.05). Teeth present and FTUs were associated with environmental and social domain (p<0.05). For edentulous subjects (n=184), denture wearing was associated with GOHAI and all domains of WHOQOL (p<0.05). Conclusion: The number of teeth present, denture wearing and FTUs strongly affected GOHAI and general QOL. Dental caries, periodontal status and salivary flow rate also affected GOHAI and some domains of general QOL of elderly.

Objectives: To evaluate the oral health status of the professional soccer players in Thailand. Methods: Twenty-five Thailand professional soccer players’ oral conditions were examined and included in this study. DMFT, Quigley & Hein plaque index (PI), Löe & Silness gingival index, World Health Organization malocclusion index, pocket depth, TMJ examination and history of dental trauma were recorded. Results: The results demonstrated poor oral health level including dental caries (84%), DMFT score mean was 10.08, dental attrition (60%) and periodontal pocket (36%). Thirty percent of all players presented bruxism. More than 40% of athletes were bothered by their oral health with 28% reporting an impact on quality of life and 18% on training and performance. Conclusion: The oral health of Thai professional soccer players was poor that may result in negative impact on well-being, training and performance. As oral health is an important element of overall health and well-being, health promotion is required to optimize soccer player performance.

Oral health is an important part of overall wellbeing of elderly in Thailand. Studies in many countries show that oral health status of elderly is poor and there is an urgent need to improve. Assessment of the oral health status and the needs of older people will aid in the organization of a prevention-oriented oral health care program to improve the quality of life of elderly. The purpose of this study was to describe the oral health status and dental treatment needs of an elderly population. The subjects were elderly people (60-92 years old), who live in Phitsanulok, Thailand. A total of 612 participants (158 males and 454 females, mean age 68.8±5.9) agreed to join the study. The oral examination was performed by one dentist to detect periodontal status The Community Periodontal Index: (CPI) and dental caries status ware reported as decayed, missing, or filled teeth (DMFT), followed those recommendation by the World Health Organization. In addition, prosthetic status and treatment needs were classified according to WHO criteria and also recorded. Information on self-perceived oral health problems, oral function and oral health behavior was obtained via questionnaires. The results showed that, thirty percent of subjects had no natural teeth. The mean DMFT score was 18.9±8.3 (DT=2.0±2.8, MT=16.3±8.3, FT=0.7±2.2) teeth per person. The mean number of DMFT and MT significantly increased with age, with MT dominating in the DMFT index (p 6 mm) periodontal pockets were 9.6 and 26.6 respectively. Half (49.9%) of all subject needed periodontal treatment. Forty-eight percent of subjects need both upper and lower jaw partial dentures, 8.5 % needed complete dentures. The top five of self-perceived oral problems of elderly were: dental caries; gum disease; halitosis; difficulty in chewing hard food and tooth sensitivity. The oral health status of elderly examined in this study was poor due to high levels of tooth loss, caries experience and prevalence of periodontal pockets. Dental care, especially prosthetic care, should be focused upon. Thus, oral health program that emphasizes prevention should be considered of particular important for elderly. Keywords: Oral health, DMFT, CPI, elderly, Treatment Need

0 0 1 150 861 farradilaiskandar@ymail.com 7 2 1009 14.0 Normal 0 false false false EN-US JA X-NONE To analyze the relationship of nutritional status with oral health status among visual impairment. The subjects were 146 elderly people (70 males and 76 females) aged 20-72 years (mean 48.8±6.2 years), Phitsanulok, Thailand. Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) questionnaires were administered. Oral examinations investigated the number of present teeth, DMFT and Functional Tooth Units (FTUs). According to the MNA score, 44.5% of subjects were categorized as normal nutrition, 47.3% as questionable, and 8.2 % as malnutrition. The mean numbers of present teeth and FTUs were 17.8±6.9 and 6.9±3.2, respectively. Subjects with malnutrition had lower numbers of present teeth (10.7±1.4) and FTUs (4.3±1.7) than those with normal nutrition (20.2±0.7 and 12.3±0.5) (p≤0.05). Nutritional status of visual impaired Thai was associated with mean numbers of present teeth and FTUs. Keeping many natural teeth or having appropriate numbers of FTUs by replacing missing teeth with dentures would prevention malnutrition.