Objectives. The Sexual Self-Esteem Inventory for Women (SSEI-W-SF) is an English-language scale created by Paula Doyle Zeanah (Louisiana State University School of Medicine) and J. Conrad Schwarz (University of Connecticut). This is the abbreviated version of the SSEI-W. This inventory was developed to assess affective reactions to self-reports of sexuality. The purpose of this article is to develop a French version of the brief SSEI-W-SF scale and to conduct an initial validation study. Methods. In our third study, we submitted a questionnaire containing four scales to a sample of 850 French-speaking women (Belgium, France, Canada): the French version of the SSEI-W-SF, the French version of the MBSQR-AS (Multidimensional Body Self Questionnaire Relations Appearance Scales) conducted by Untas, Koleck, Rascle Borteyrou (2009), a French version of the Body Esteem Scale (BES), and the French version of the SATAQ (Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire) conducted by Rousseau, Valls Et Chabrol (2010). For this scale validation research, we measured the internal consistency of these different scales by Cronbach's alpha. The internal validity of the SSEI-W-SF was determined through principal component analysis, a Scree Plot analysis confirmed by parallel analysis, as well as a component matrix table analysis. Results and conclusion. The Cronbach's alpha value was 0.82 for the SSEI-W-SF. The correlation coefficients between the SSEI-W-SF scale score and the score of the other reference scales were significant at P<. 01: SSEI-W-SF and MBSRQ-AE subscale: 0.58; SSEI-W-SF and MBSRQ-BAS subscale: 0.54; SSEI-W-SF and BES scale: 0.58; SSEI-W-SF and MBSRQ-OP subscale: 0.24; SSEI-W-SF and MBSRQ-SCW subscale: 0.21; SSEI-W-SF and SATAQ scale: 0.28. Correlation coefficients between the MBSRQ-AO subscale score and the SSEI-W-SF score were significant at P< 05: 0.08. The principal component analysis of the SSEI-W-SF, the Scree Plot analysis confirmed by the parallel analysis, as well as the analysis of the component matrix table revealed a unidimensional structure of the SSEI-W-SF. The French version of this inventory therefore presents satisfactory metrological parameters, allowing us to recommend its use for the study of sexual self-esteem in women. (C) 2021 Sexologies. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Objectives. - The present study aims at developing and testing the construct validity of the new concept of "Sexualized Body Perception", which measures both the relationship that women have with their bodies in a sexual situation, but also the way in which they physically consider different parts of their bodies. In addition, we investigated whether this new construct mediates the relationships between different body items presented in several scientifically validated questionnaires and women's sexual self-esteem.Methods. - After carrying out various correlative analyzes, a principal component analysis allowed us to define the relationship to the sexualized body. We then posed a series of hypothe-ses to evaluate the possible mediating or moderating effect of the Sexualized Body Perception between the different items in our questionnaire and female sexual self-esteem.Results. - Our results highlighted the mediating role of "Sexualized Body Perception" in the age relationship between BMI and sexual self-esteem for women, as well as a moderating role in the relationship between the SATAQ scale and sexual self-esteem for women.Conclusions. - This study shows the critical importance of the "Sexualized Body Perception"in woman sexual self-esteem beyond BMI and, interestingly, beyond age. Finally, this paper also shed light on new potential interventions aiming at improving women's sexual self-esteem.(c) 2021 Sexologies. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Introduction: This study examines the effectiveness of integrating mindfulness-based techniques within therapy for women suffering to achieve orgasm. Although widely applied in psychotherapy, this approach has only recently been introduced in the treatment of female sexual dysfunction. Aim: To compare the effectiveness of a video-based self-administered treatment, rooted within the cognitive behavioral treatment (CBT) framework, with a video-based self-administered mindfulness treatment applying cognitive behavioral sexual therapy (mindfulness-based cognitive therapy), the latter of which was specifically created to increase women's ability to achieve orgasm. Methods: A convenience sample of 65 women suffering from difficulties to achieve orgasm, aged 18 to 58 years (mean = 32.66, standard deviation = 9.48), were randomly allocated using a randomization procedure to either a mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (N = 35) or CBT (N = 30) group. Each participant completed questionnaires before and after the start of treatment and 2 months after its completion. Main Outcome Measure: We applied repeated-measure general linear models to compare the 2 groups (ie, between participant factor) on each dependent variable across time (ie, the within-participant factor). Compare mean analyses for paired samples were only conducted when the interaction effect between condition and time was significant (ie, P < .05). Results: Statistical analyses show that women in both groups presented increased sexual functioning (P = .001) and decreased sexual distress (P < .001), as well as improved desire, arousal, orgasm, and sexual satisfaction (P < .05) after their respective treatments. Contrary to our hypothesis, significant reductions in sexual pain were only observed in CBT participants. Clinical Implications: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to apply a randomized allocation procedure to evaluate the effectiveness of a video-based mindfulness intervention for women struggling to achieve orgasm. These results should guide clinicians' decisions with respect to evaluating the relevance and the real added value of proposing mindfulness exercises to their patients with such difficulties. Conclusion: When women suffering from difficulties to achieve orgasm are randomly assigned to a mindfulness group or an active control, improvements in sexual functioning and reductions in sexual distress can be observed after both treatments. Copyright (C) 2019, International Society for Sexual Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Purpose. - Orgasmic disorder is one of the most common sexual women's difficulties. Mindfulness is often used in psychopathology and its effectiveness has been widely proven scientifically. The purpose of this article is to understand the interest to integrate mindfulness training in the treatment of female orgasmic disorder. In this perspective, we present a review of the literature on female orgasm disorder and its treatments. Moreover, mindfulness and its effectiveness for female sexual dysfunctions are addressed. The discussion highlights the value of integrating mindfulness into the treatment of female orgasm disorder. Sources and methodology. -A review of the literature about mindfulness and anorgania will be presented. We investinguate mostly studies from 1952 to 2018 using Scopus and ScincesDirect data base with the keywords Mindfulness, female orgasmic disorder, anorgasmia, female sexual dysfonction. Results. -Mindfulness is effective for many psychopathological disorders and its use has extended to female sexual difficulties. While several treatments for anorgasmia have focused on improving behavioral skills and reducing anxiety, few have focused on the cognitions and dysfunctional emotions that are responsible on the female orgsmic disorder. The review of the literature shows that mindfulness improves all female sexual function. Furthermore, it would be interesting to integrate mindfulness for the female orgasm disorder and develop a specific treatment directly usable by clinicians. Conclusion. -Mindfulness includes exercises to develop abilities to achieve orgasm. This study suggests that future research might develop a mindfulness-based therapy protocol to treat women's orgasmic disorder. (C) 2019 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

People confronted to a stressful life event may experience negative consequences on sexual intimacy (Morokoff and Gillilland, 1993; Hagemeister and Rosenblatt, 1997, Bodenmann et al., 2006). The main hypothesis of the study is that the impact of stressful events on sexuality, especially on sexual desire, will depend on the subjective reactions to this event. Fifty-two women responded to several questionnaires: the sexual desire scale, the impact of event scale-revised (IES-R) and a list of potential stressful events. The results showed a positive association between the stressful event and dyadic sexual desire. Especially, women who experienced high levels of intrusions and hyperarousal after a stressful event also exhibited a higher levels dyadic sexual desire, with no significant result for individual sexual desire. (c) 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Up until today, with the exception of the Wiederman and Hurst study in 1998, no research has been done with regard to the relationship between women's sexual self-esteem, body mass index, physical satisfaction and body image. Through two studies done on adult women, our objective was to better understand the impact of physical satisfaction on women's sexual self-esteem as well as investigate the elements on which the latter is founded. Data from the first study seem to indicate that BMI would be correlated in a negative and moderate manner to women's sexual self-esteem. A clearer relationship, however, is observed between sexual self-esteem and body/physical satisfaction. Results from the second study indicate no relationship between BMI and sexual self-esteem but they do, however, indicate a relationship between sexual self-esteem and body image/esteem. Furthermore, the most salient traits of attractiveness/seduction were found to be related to the face (eyes, lips, smile). Altogether, research results seem to suggest that “relationship to the body” may be central to women's conceptualization of sexual self-esteem.

Outre le fait que la solitude soit un facteur de risque pour la santé de l'individu, de nombreux patients expriment leur difficulté à engager une relation amoureuse. La création d'un lien affectif passe nécessairement par une phase de séduction. Cet article a donc pour objectif de présenter un état des lieux des recherches menées sur la séduction afin de relever les habiletés qui peuvent être travaillées et ainsi améliorer les interventions thérapeutiques des professionnels. Analyse de la littérature de 1967 et 2017 dans les bases de données Scopus, PsycInfo et SciencesDirect en utilisant les mots clefs suivants : seduction, human, courtship, female, male et pheromone. La séduction est composée d'aspects physiologiques, a priori immuables, mais également d'aspects psychologiques sur lesquelles il est possible d'agir. Cependant, si les premiers aspects font l'objet d'une littérature abondante, les seconds sont quant à eux encore peu approfondis. Actuellement, il existe encore peu d'article portant sur le versant psychologique et modulable de la séduction. Malgré tout, la littérature existante nous offre des pistes intéressantes sur les habiletés de séduction qui peuvent être travaillées afin de favoriser la rencontre amoureuse. Solitude and social isolation are correlated with most risk of suicide, depression and alcoholism. Affective link is a protective factor for human well being. To create an affective link, people have to initiate a courtship phase. However, many patients seem to be showing difficulty to seduce a partner. The purpose of this article is to investigate seduction characteristics in order to highlight what skills should be improved to facilitate the seduction phase. The initial section gives the definition of seduction and a brief history of his evolution. The influence of culture shall be also discussed. The second section gives information about biological and physiological aspects of seduction. Finally, the third section is focused on psychological aspects. A review of the literature about seduction will be presented. We investigate studies from 1967 to 2017 using Scopus and SciencesDirect and PsycInfo data base with the keywords seduction, human, courtship, female, male and pheromone. Seduction includes biological and psychological aspects. Most studies are focused on biological aspect. Nevertheless, these factors cannot be modified because they are part of our human genetic inheritance. But psychological aspects give keys to improve seduction skills. Psychological aspects are composed of cognitive, emotional and behavioral dimensions. These dimensions can be improved with patients during therapy. Studies might be more focused on psychological aspects of seduction because they can be improved and worked with patients.

Up until today, with the exception of the Wiederman and Hurst study in 1998, no research has been done with regard to the relationship between women's sexual self-esteem, body mass index, physical satisfaction and body image. Through two studies done on adult women, our objective was to better understand the impact of physical satisfaction on women's sexual self-esteem as well as investigate the elements on which the latter is founded. Data from the first study seem to indicate that BMI would be correlated in a negative and moderate manner to women's sexual self-esteem. A clearer relationship, however, is observed between sexual self-esteem and body/physical satisfaction. Results from the second study indicate no relationship between BMI and sexual self-esteem but they do, however, indicate a relationship between sexual self-esteem and body image/esteem. Furthermore, the most salient traits of attractiveness/seduction were found to be related to the face (eyes, lips, smile). Altogether, research results seem to suggest that "relationship to the body" may be central to women's conceptualization of sexual self-esteem. (C) 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Purpose. This article focuses on the cognitive factors responsible for orgasmic disorder and, more specifically, on the cognitive distraction and the role of attention in achieving female orgasm. First and foremost, we want to present the determinants of orgasm disorder and especially the psychological determinants. Secondly, we aim at presenting the cognitive factors in sexual dysfunctions in order to have a better understanding of the role of sexual cognitive patterns, negative automatic thoughts and associated negative emotions. Afterwards, this article defines and conceptualizes cognitive distraction following Barlow's model (1986). The purpose is to evaluate its impact on the female sexual response, with a particular emphasis on anorgasmic women. It presents the role of attention in achieving orgasm as well. Finally, one tries to present a concrete conceptualization of the orgasm disorder cycle of after a process-analysis. This article should raise reflection on sexotherapeutic strategies to implement in order to tackle female orgasm disorder. Material and method. An analysis of the literature since 1970 until 2015 in the scopus database with the following keywords: anorgasmia, attention, distraction and sexual dysfunction. Results. After a thorough review of the literature, it appears that anorgasmic women have more negative sexual self-schemas as well as negative thoughts and emotions, which interferes with the orgasm achievement. Bearing this in mind, it is the process-analysis, and not the diagnosis, that will guide sexotherapeutic interventions in orgasmic disorder. These should mainly focus on dysfunctional processes (experiential avoidance, cognitive attentional bias, dealing with negative thoughts and emotions) in order to reduce anxious apprehension, secondary emotions and therefore facilitate the achievement of orgasm. Conclusion. In further studies, it would be interesting to propose full consciousness-based intervention to treat orgasmic disorder. Undeniably, the similarity of the processes suggests that this type of intervention could be relevant for the treatment of female orgasm disorder. (C) 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Le concept de désir sexuel n’est pas aisé à définir et encore moins à évaluer. Pourtant, un nombre important de femmes souffrent d’une baisse de libido, constituant ainsi une des plaintes principales reçue en consultation sexologique. Conséquence de cette difficulté de conceptualisation du désir, de nombreux questionnaires sont proposés aux praticiens. Il n’est donc pas aisé de déterminer quelle mesure choisir pour l’évaluation du désir. L’objectif de cet article est de développer 4 questionnaires traduits en français et mis en place pour évaluer la sévérité des symptômes du trouble du désir sexuel, le niveau de désir ou les réactions psychologiques qui lui sont consécutives. Les propriétés psychométriques, les forces ainsi que les limites de 4 échelles seront présentés : l’Échelle du Désir Sexuel (Tremblay et Roussy, 2000), le Derogatis Sexual Functioning Inventory (Derogatis et Meliseratos, 1979), l’histoire sexuelle du système multiaxial d’évaluation des dysfonctions sexuelles (Schover et al., 1982) et le Female Sexual Function Index (Meston, 2003). Cette brève analyse amène à conclure que le Female Sexual Function Index semble être un outil de mesure pertinent pour l’évaluation globale du fonctionnement sexuel féminin. En ce qui concerne la dimension spécifique du désir sexuel, l’échelle du désir sexuel paraît offrir la mesure la plus satisfaisante. Cependant, il apparaît également que les questionnaires francophones actuellement développés pour l’évaluation du désir sexuel chez la femme souffrent d’un manque de validation empirique. Ce domaine de recherche offre donc beaucoup de perspectives futures.

Objectives. - Until today, the sexual self-esteem has been studied for people with specifics problems. Despite the fact it is bounded, few researchers have investigated the role of the BMI, the body image and the influence of the mass media on the women sexual self-esteem. Based on factors which improve or limit the women's sexual self-esteem, the principal aim of this study is to bring a better understanding of the involving of cognitions, body and society's factors in the understanding of the women's sexual self-esteem. Sources and methodology. - The analysis of the written papers from 1996 to 2015, in the following database: PsycInfo, PubMed, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, Google Scholar. Outcome. - Throughout studies that bound BMI, body image and various female sexual effects, this article highlights the role of the subjective view that women have about their bodies in relation to their sexual esteem, independently of their real weight. In a second time, this review highlights the impact of mass media on body image construction, including the thin ideal internalization process, social comparison and body woman objectification. Conclusion. - It would be interesting, for future researches, not only to investigate the impact of the relationship of the body on sexual self-esteem, but also to create a tool that improves the women's sexual self-esteem. It includes the promotion of a positive body image and a better understanding of the role of the society and mass media in the construction of standards linked to beauty and appearance. (C) 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Objectives. - Faced with the AIDS epidemic and many sexually transmitted infections, condoms are a better and lasting prevention strategy. However, the sexually active population of Burundi uses much less this type of prevention. This explains in part why the prevalence of these diseases remains higher in this population. The objective of this article is to highlight the reasons for the low condom use by the population of Burundi. Method. - Analysis of the review of the local and international literature on HIV and condom use. Results. - The main factors of non-use of condoms are the following: condoms diminish sexual pleasure, they are troublesome, they create suspicions between known partners and are not reliable. Also, when sexual intercourse takes place according to the encounters, often the condom does not find its place. Moreover, for a majority of Burundians, condoms would only be useful if they were occasional partners. But if it is a more or less durable bond, it is not used. People, knowing themselves to be infected, do not use condoms to deliberately infect young partners. Indeed there are beliefs that the so-called "healthy blood'' could cure. Or, it is a question of sharing a psychological suffering caused by their state of seropositivity. Conclusion. - Considering mass sexual health education, educating men who use various means to have unprotected sex with young people would be a good prevention strategy. (C) 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Objectives. -The initial section of this article gives an historical perspective to the concept of orgasm. Various models of the female sexual response are then presented, with the objective of seeking a definition of the female orgasm. Finally, the concept of female orgasmic dysfunction is explored through the differing versions of DSM whilst providing a critical overview.Sources and methodology. -Analysis of the literature from 1950 to 2013 using the Scopus database with the keywords: anorgasmia; female and sexual dysfunction.Outcome. -The data suggests there is no universally accepted definition of the female orgasm to date (Mah and Binik, 2001). Numerous studies focus on the physiological aspect of the orgasm whilst the psychological factors are researched to a lesser degree. The lack of a satisfactory definition of the orgasm may be attributed to the limited understanding of its underlying mechanisms, and to the fact that the researchers are dependent on the women's subjective self-evaluation of the experience. Thus, the subject is complex, with some women incapable of giving expression to their orgasmic experience or even recognising such climax. In some cases, this is because they have indeed never experienced one; in other cases, because they have not thought of it as an orgasm. Orgasmic dysfunction or anorgasmia is the second sexual problem most frequently encountered by women with a prevalence ranging from 25 (Lewis et al., 2010) to 31% (Hayes et al., 2006).Conclusion. - It would be interesting for future studies to research the ways in which women experience at the cognitive and emotional level their sexual relations with their partner. This should enable us to better understand and define the female orgasm but also to improve support for orgasmic dysfunction. (C) 2015 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Nowadays, many people are using the Internet for online sexual activities including: watching pornography, having sexual chat, looking or participating in sex-webcam, or seeking offline sex partners. In the majority of the cases, these cybersexual activities have no impact in the daily living. Nevertheless, for a subgroup of individuals, the usage of cybersex becomes excessive and impacts upon several facets of their life (Philaretou, Malhfouz & Allen, 2005). Cybersexual addiction is characterized by: repetition of excessive use of cybersexual activity; loss of control; persistent desire or unsuccessful efforts to stop, reduce, or control those cybersexual behavior; withdrawal (negative mood states when the cybersex is unavailable); tolerance (need for more hours of use or more new sexual content); and negative consequences (Block, 2008; Carnes, 2000). Some risk factors like demographic factors (e.g., gender, education), psychological factors (e.g., attachment, trauma, or shame), and structural factors (e.g., Internet's affordability, anonymity, and accessibility) were already studying in the literature. But others like impulsivity and affects, which have been evidenced to play a crucial role in other behavioral addictions, have only received little attention in cybersex research. This study reports an analysis of impulsivity facets and affective states in a sample of 268 French-speaking men recruited in an online survey. More precisely, we will explore how impulsivity traits and affective states predict (1) the type of cybersex activity practiced and (2) the pattern of symptoms characterizing the participants.

It is important for clinical sexologists to understand the functioning of orgasmic women in order to better comprehend the issues of anorgasmia. The orgasm constitutes the most poorly understood step of the female sexual response, its description is too often subjective, and there exist many paths to reach orgasm. At present, difficulty achieving orgasm is the second most common sexual problem experienced by women and represents a large proportion of consultations in sexology. According to the studies of Laumann et al. (2005), 18 to 41% of women experience difficulties achieving orgasm. Moreover, anorgasmia may be more present during dyadic sexual activities than solitary ones. In this perspective, this online study was primarily interested in emotions, thoughts, and stimulations responsible for achieving orgasm during solitary sexual activities (self-stimulation) and during sexual activities with a partner (dyadic). The study sample consisted of 251 women, of which 176 described themselves as "orgasmic" and 75 as "non-orgasmic." Compared to non-orgasmic women, orgasmic women reported more pleasure and less sexual distress. They also resorted to erotic thoughts during dyadic sexual activities and seemed more centered on their bodily sensations and on their partner. Additionally, orgasmic women reported using a larger variety of erotological behaviors. Our findings may help to improve the treatment of anorgasmia, especially during dyadic sexual activities. (C) 2014 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

L’objectif du present article est de proposer une recension des connaissances actuelles sur la dependance cybersexuelle (definition, epidemiologie, evaluation et traitement). Il existe en effet un manque de consensus concernant la conceptualisation de ce trouble. Ce flou conceptuel est notamment imputable a` l’existence d’une multitude de definitions du trouble, d’une importante variete des conduites sexuelles concernees et des symptomatologies, et de problemes methodologiques dans les etudes existantes (echantillons et outils d’evaluation fortement heterogenes dans les differentes etudes). Dans un tel contexte, notre article vise a` clarifier l’etat des connaissances sur la cyberdependance sexuelle. Nous ferons egalement un etat des lieux des modalites de traitements empiriquement valides de la dependance sexuelle et cybersexuelle, et proposerons des pistes pour les etudes futures. Une revue narrative non systematique a ete realisee afin d’examiner et de resumer la litterature anglophone et francophone portant sur la dependance cybersexuelle. Cette revue a ete effectuee au moyen de mots-cles designant la dependance sexuelle et cybersexuelle dans les bases de donnees PsycINFO, ISI Web of Science et Francis. Une attention particuliere a ete portee aux articles evaluant les facteurs de risques impliques dans la dependance sexuelle, ainsi qu’a` ceux proposant des pistes de traitement du trouble.

Mindfulness was studied in relation to sexual distress and the ability to achieve orgasm. The initial hypotheses were that mindfulness abilities would predict women's level of sexual distress and that orgasmic women would possess greater mindfulness skills. In total, 251 women (176 orgasmic women and 75 anorgasmic women) responded to several questionnaires online: the Female Sexual Distress Scale - Revised (FSDS-R), the Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), and the Sexual Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ-S). According to our results, mindfulness during dyadic sexual activities (FFMQ-S) explained 54% of the variability in sexual distress (FSDS-R). Overall, orgasmic women reported more mindfulness than anorgasmic women, both in daily life (FFMQ) and significantly more during dyadic sexual activities (FFMQ-S). In conclusion, our results support the evaluation of women's level of mindfulness during dyadic sexual activities and the integration of mindfulness training in future sex therapy treatments.