A method of production of human tissular plasminogen activator (H t-PA) using human embryonic lung (HEL) cells that are devoid of “transforming growth factors” (TGFs) is described. Basal levels of H t-PA in serum-free medium were increased about four times using concanavalin A (Con A) as inducer. After a resting period of 5–7 days, cells could be reinduced by Con A. Three cycles of induction can routinely be performed on the same cell monolayer. H t-PA was purified by a two-step method (affinity chromatography on fibrin and gel filtration). Two molecular forms of H t-PA were obtained, one of 56,000 daltons (the more abundant), and the other of 83,000 daltons.

An international collaborative health screening project was undertaken to stimulate interest in child health education, to study feasibility of health screening in young children from diverse cultures, and to compare the distribution of chronic disease risk factors among 15 countries. Data for the 13-year-old participants showed that risk factors defined by cholesterol greater than 180 mg/dl, systolic blood pressure greater than 130 mm Hg, and daily or occasional smoking were present, to varying degrees, in children from each country. We found no relationship between obesity and cholesterol or blood pressure for these children. The acceptability of the screening, the children's enjoyment in participation, and the prevalence of risk factors at this young age lead to the conclusion that school-based health education programs should be initiated during childhood.

AbstractGlucal (I) reagiert mit N‐Bromsuccinimid (II) und Methanol zum β‐Methylglucosid (III) und α‐Methylmannosid (IV), die durch selektive Kristallisation trennbär sind und nach Hydrierung und Verseifung die anomeren Glycoside (V) und (VI) ergeben.

A survey of tobacco and alcohol consumption was conducted among 3,453 noninstitutionalized men and women in 65 départements in France. Over four-fifths of the men and half of the women surveyed had smoked cigarettes. Men were far more likely than women to have stopped smoking, especially older men in higher social classes. Fifty-five percent of the men smoked cigarettes made with black tobacco (Gauloises, Gitanes), while women preferred blond tobacco products. Younger smokers of both sexes preferred filtered cigarettes, while older respondents smoked nonfiltered ones. Filter usage among men, but not women, increased with education. Inhalation was more prevalent among men than women, among the young than the old, and among the more educated than the less educated. “Drooping” or carrying a lighted cigarettes in the mouth without inhaling, was a practice more common in older, less educated male smokers. These data also provide some evidence in support of the hypothesis that black tobacco, with its higher pH, provides unprotonated nicotine which is easily absorbed by oral mucosa, thus making deep inhalation of the smoke less important to the smoker. The observed differences between the smoking practices of the French and those in the United States and United Kingdom along with the relatively higher alcohol consumption noted throughout France, may partially explain the lower rates of lung cancer and higher rates of larynx, esophagus, and oral cavity cancer found in French men.

Les substitutions nucléophiles en C-18 de stéroïdes sont étudiées, en tenant compte des réactions de voisinage des substituants en C-20.

AbstractAus dem Pregnen‐on‐ol‐ether (I) erhält "man über das Li‐enolat ein Gemisch der isomeren Carbinole (IIa) und (IIb), die zu (IIIa) dehydratisiert und dann zum freien Carbinol (IIIb) gespalten werden.