In many colleges and universities, the traditional way of controlling lights and fans, are through switches. As we see in our daily life, there is a large amount of power wasted due many human errors, such as forgetting to turn off the lights and fans after use or using it when not necessary. This results to factors such as wastage of money, wastage of natural resources, etc. To overcome these wastages there is a need of a system which efficiently manages the usage of electricity. In this paper, we implement a system which is capable of automatically detecting the presence of human and thereby controlling the loads. Here we have used PIC microcontroller, which acts as the main controlling unit for our system. For the detection of the presence of human, we have used Passive Infra-Red (PIR) sensor. When these sensors are triggered the microcontroller automatically switches ON the loads using the relay and whenever the presence is not sensed, the loads are switched OFF automatically. In this way we can reduce the wastage of electricity in educational institutions, where students and teachers will be too busy to switch ON/OFF the loads.

The main application of sheet bending is in automobile industries. The phenomenon of springback depends on the elastic recovery and the extent of deformation that is provided on the material. In this research, Springback is being calculated in 90° V-bended sheets using finite element simulation. In bending of thin sheets, Springback causes the angles finally produced to be different from what was intended. Finite Element Method (FEM) is adopted to determine the amount of springback occurring in V-bending of sheet metal of a particular material, and from the results of simulation, dies are designed to produce 90° bend in the sheet.