《高抗性淀粉小麦籽粒抗性淀粉含量指标和检测方法》(T/Cl 005-2022)是中国国际科技促进会于2022年2月8日发布的团体标准,标准明确规定了高抗性淀粉小麦籽粒中抗性淀粉含量指标及其测定方法,旨在指导育种家培育更好的高抗性淀粉小麦新品种,满足人民群众对生活质量和健康水平的新需求.文章重点解读《高抗性淀粉小麦籽粒抗性淀粉含量指标和检测方法》标准制定的背景、含量指标制定的依据及其测定方法的核心技术内容,对《高抗性淀粉小麦籽粒抗性淀粉含量指标和检测方法》标准的应用及推广具有重要的指导意义.

Protein and starch are the main components of wheat,and their composition,proportion and correlation are the decisive factors on flour quality and processing use.In this study,the effects of protein content,wet gluten,farinograph parameters and starch components on flour gelatinization characteristics were analyzed using 100 wheat high-generation materials,in order to breed new varieties with multi-quality index and suitable for processing and utilization of some special foods.The results showed that there was no significant correlation between wheat protein content and wet gluten content and flour gelatinization characteristic parameters.The correlation coefficients between amylose content and peak viscosity and breakdown value of flour were –0.214 and –0.322,which reached significant and extremely significant level respectively.The correlation coefficient between amylopectin content and trough viscosity was 0.324,the positive correlation reached an extremely significant level.The total starch content was positively and negatively correlated with the trough viscosity and the trough viscosity,with the correlation coefficients of 0.255 and –0.258,respectively.Ash content was negatively correlated with flour gelatinization properties,which are the important factors influencing the starch gelatinization characteristics and should be given more attention in variety improvement.Through the study,we found that the content and quality of gluten exist significant negative correlation,which need to be modified and coordination to improve both of them.The correlation between starch and protein quality improvement is relatively small,and it is easy to achieve collaborative improvement.At the same time,new lines like WDP77,WDP2 and shannon 102,shannon 116–8 with strong gluten and low peak viscosity were selected which can be used for a specific research and new materials for special processing purpose.The results provide a reference basis for wheat quality improvement and breeding of new wheat varieties.

To clear the climatic risk of super hybrid rice seed production in Suining County,the climate risk of this process was analyzed according to the climatic risk grade index of hybrid rice seed production by using 1:250000 topographic data and 40 years climatological data.The spatial analysis method of geographical information system was also applied in the Fine-Grid calculation and the analysis of climate risk of hybrid rice in Suining County.The results showed that:when the critical sterility temperature point was 23.0℃ or 23.5℃,the minimum risk period of fertility sensitive stage was from 11 th July to 31 st July and the climate risk was 2.5% and 5% respectively.The comprehensive hazard index of the flowering period in Suining County was below 2.5 from June to August,the higher seed production could be obtained when the flowering period was before 14 th September.The non-risk seed production area distributed in the coastal plain of Yuan River tributary valley in mid-south when the critical sterility temperature point was 22.0℃,the safer seed production area distributed in the river vally in south-central Suining and east-northern towns like Hongyan,when the temperature was either 22.5℃ or 23℃,and the high risk area of seed production was in the most parts of the whole county when the temperature was 23.5℃.For the rice male sterile line which the period was 80 days from seeding to heading day,the higher seed production would be obtained if the seeding date was 4 th May or 25 th May when the critical sterility temperature was 22.0℃,and if the seeding date was 4 th May when the temperature was 22.5℃ or 23℃,not only the higher seed production,but also the lowest climate risk for fertility conversion of male sterile line could be obtained.

The PC, WA, WG and ST of 25 wheat varieties planted in Shandong province were determinated by near infrared spectroscopy technology.The results showed that the protein content of 44.0%wheat varieties was higher than 14.0%, the protein content of 48.0% wheat varieties was between 14.0% and 13.0%;the wet-gluten content of 60.0% wheat varieties was higher than 32.0% and that of 32.0% wheat varieties was between 32.0% and 28.0%;the water absorption of 48.0%wheat varieties was higher than 60.0%;the stability time of 20.0%wheat varieties was higher than 7.0min and that of 72.0% wheat varieties was between 7.0min and 2.5.0min.The PC, WA, WG and ST of 4 wheat varieties(16.0%) were up to the Chinese standard of strong gluten wheat(GB/T17892-1999), and 21 wheat varieties were middle gluten wheat.

对湘阴县19 a(1986~2004)来稻瘟病发生的调查资料进行通径分析得出,雨日对早稻稻瘟病病害指数影响最大,其次为降水和日照,影响最小为温度。选用了温度(X1)、降水(X2)、日照(X3)、雨日(X4)4个气象因子与病害指数建立了湘阴县早稻稻瘟病预测预报模型:y=-0.0115-0.00128x1+0.00274x2-0.0011x3+0.019724x4,预测的准确性达到显著水平。

对湘阴县19 a(1986～2004)来稻瘟病发生的调查资料进行通径分析得出,雨日对早稻稻瘟病病害指数影响最大,其次为降水和日照,影响最小为温度.选用了温度(X1)、降水(X2)、日照(X3)、雨日(X4)4个气象因子与病害指数建立了湘阴县早稻稻瘟病预测预报模型y=-O.011 5-0.001 28 x1+0.002 74 x2-0.001 x3+O.019 724x4,预测的准确性达到显著水平.