In this chapter we introduce a concept that improves the use of Digital Product Memory (DPM) on industrial embedded control systems to control decentralized production processes. The core of this concept is an XML schema that supports the specification of machine-readable mappings between an XML-based and binary DPM representation. This supports the separate description of the DPM information used for production control and its binary memory representation, e.g., on RFID tags. A server that stores those XML mapping documents and processes the address queries from the embedded production control systems has been developed. To demonstrate the feasibility of the approach this mapping technology was implemented in a demonstration module which was presented at Hannover Messe 2010.

Mit dem Internet der Dinge und der Dienste wird in der Automatisierungstechnik eine neue Form der vertikalen, aber auch der horizontalen Integration moglich. Sie optimiert mit der situationsspezifischen Bereitstellung von Informationen und Diensten technische und organisatorische Prozesse. Den Kern dieser neuen Art der Integration bildet das cyber-physische System. Dieser Beitrag stellt die gangigen Begriffsdefinitionen aus dem Umfeld von cyber-physischen Systemen zusammen und diskutiert die Auswirkungen von Internettechnologien, Kontextsensitivitat und Cloud Computing auf die Automatisierungstechnik. Die Ausfuhrungen werden anhand eines Anwendungsbeispiels verdeutlicht.

The internet of things and services enables a new form of vertical and horizontal integration in automation. It offers the optimization of technical and organizational processes by providing situation specific information and services. The core of this new kind of integration is formed by cyber-physical systems. This article compiles the most relevant definitions in the field of cyber-physical Systems and discusses the effects of internet technologies, context awareness and cloud computing on automation. An application example illustrates the statements.

INTRODUCTION Following the prognosis that predicts 50 to 100 billions of Internet-connected things by 2020, we are now at the cross section of a paradigm shift and observing the metamorphosis that everyday things are going through: from things that learned-to-do to things that are learning-to-think, and finally to things that will learn-to-perceive (sense and response). The Internet of Things (IoT, [2–4]) technology is at the heart of this metamorphosis, and is rapidly gaining global attention from academia, industries, and governments. Manifold definitions of IoT trace back to the ITU vision [1], and also available from European Commission. In general, the IoT concept allows bidirectional communications among device, network, and backend data centers. It covers a wide scope of technologies including wireless/wired sensing, networking,

Following paradigms like Ubiquitous Computing or the Internet of Things, modem factories are developing to intelligent environments, in which information regarding the location of production assets, semi-finished goods and workforces is becoming a key factor for process optimization. This article illustrates how architectural support including semantic technologies can support the development of location-aware applications in the doma'n of industrial production. Focussing on a mobile maintenance use case, the prototype of a seamless navigation application in the SmartFactoty(KL) is presented The article concludes with discussing benefits and limitations of applying semantic technologies in factory applications and highlighting future research issues.

Everyday objects tagged with sensors and actuators that communicate and cooperate provide the foundation of the Internet of Things. Most applications in the Internet of Things deal with information related to such objects in the one or other way, whilst Digital Object Memories comprise hardware and software components, which together provide an open and universal platform that allows for the continuous capture and conceptual and/or physical association of digital information with physical objects. As such, they support information exchange and reuse across environments and applications, and pave the way for novel kinds of applications and services. The goal of this workshop is to unite these two perspectives on connected objects and object memory in a hybrid workshop format that combines traditional presentations and discussion with a practical experiment.

Currently, processes in the domain of plant maintenance and machine overhaul are often not transparent and inefficient in their execution. A major share of the overall maintenance time must be dedicated for locating damaged field devices, their explicit identification and time consuming search for additional device-related information such as data sheets and instruction manuals. Based on an application scenario in the SmartFactoryKL, the paper presents how spatial context information can contribute to the optimization of maintenance processes by allowing a faster location of defective field devices within plant infrastructure. As proof of concept, a navigation application is implemented. Based on a wearable computer platform, this application supports maintenance staff with seamless navigation capabilities in order to provide precise guidance to the location where a failure occurred. Furthermore, the paper generally discusses the benefit spatial context information can have for other factory processes with characteristics similar to those of processes in the maintenance domain. In addition to that, future challenges regarding the use of spatial context information in industrial applications and their integration in automation systems are discussed.

Many companies are using the web to enable customers to individually customize their products that range from automobiles and bicycles to CDs, cosmetics and shirts. In this paper we present a mobile application for product customization and production within a smart factory. This allows the ad hoc configuration of products at the point of sale (POS). We investigate human factors when customizing products while interacting with them. We focus on the concept of the mobile client that enables this ad hoc modification, but also present the production chain behind our product. We believe that this particular 3D interaction with a product and a mobile device help to improve the customer satisfaction as it allows for customizing a product in an easy and intuitive way. From a CHI perspective an important aspect is that our mobile augmented reality interface can help to match the costumer's expectations with the final modified product and allows the most natural and intuitive interaction. As a use case of the system, we present the modification of a soap dispenser.

Following paradigms like Ubiquitous Computing or the Internet of Things, modern factories are developing to intelligent environments in which wireless technology, sensor networks and mobile information access close the gap between the physical and the digital world. This article assumes that in such a versatile Factory of Things location information will play an important role for the transparent and efficient design of mobile and adaptive processes. Based upon a maintenance use case in the SmartFactoryKL it will be examined how location information can contribute to the optimization of maintenance processes. As research questions regarding the development of an appropriate system architecture, the definition of a consistent data representation for location information as well as mechanisms for its semantic interpretation are focused. Finally, the desired architecture is evaluated regarding its benefits, limitations and role as an enabler for a lean information management suitable to apply in future intelligent factories.

several applications in the domain of industrial production and logistics use information stored on smart labels to control processes or monitor the flow of goods. This often complex information is represented by bits and bytes e.g. on a RFID transponder and is usually modeled accordingly, by arranging the bits and bytes in an order suitable for the specific application at hand. Accessing the information means coding this order into read/write algorithms in PLCs or other automation systems, making it difficult and expensive to add, rearrange or remove pieces of information. To increase the benefit of IoT technologies and to allow a seamless migration of the underlying tag technologies, future systems thus have to abstract from the information and its binary representation. In this paper we introduce a mapping technology that enables the separation of information and its' Digital Object Memory (DOM)- specific memory representation. The key of this concept is an XML schema used for the separated description of information and its DOM-specific memory address. A server has been developed that stores those tag-specific XML documents and supports querying for the requested information addresses. To demonstrate the feasibility of the approach this mapping technology has been used in combination with a programmable logic controller (PLC) to enable the flexible migration of various smart label technologies and DOM representations avoiding the necessity to change the PLC application code.