En este artículo reflexionaremos sobre el tratamiento de la noción de ambiente en la Ley N°55, de Medio Ambiente de la provincia argentina de Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur (AeIAS), y sus implicancias socio-ambientales. Para ello, analizaremos las diferentes acepciones de este concepto a partir de la relación humano-naturaleza, un binomio polémico de la modernidad. Desde el contexto histórico-espacial que ofrece el antropoceno brindaremos un abordaje de las bases conceptuales de la ley a partir de tres enfoques interdependientes. El valor didáctico de este ejercicio radica en encontrar las bases conceptuales de las legislaciones vigentes, para así comprender los posicionamientos ontológicos, epistemológicos e ideológicos subyacentes. La discusión que surge de este análisis revela la importancia de (re)politizar la educación ambiental.

La pandemia de COVID-19 desató discusiones sobre la relación sociedad-naturaleza y sobre la crisis civilizatoria, consecuencia de la dominación antrópica del ambiente. Este trabajo parte de la hipótesis de que las experiencias singulares producidas por la pandemia alteran las representaciones acerca de la naturaleza y generan nuevas perspectivas. Nos propusimos analizar estas representaciones y sus transformaciones. Nos preguntamos cómo es concebida la naturaleza, si existe una dualidad percibida entre naturaleza y sociedad o no. Analizamos los cambios generados por el escenario pandémico, con el énfasis puesto en las percepciones y comportamientos y, en especial, en la reflexión sobre esta relación en la pospandemia. Este trabajo es parte de la investigación de la Red del Estudio Nacional Colaborativo de Representaciones sobre la Pandemia en Argentina (Encrespa),[1] y tiene como objetivos comprender las transformaciones en curso, producir conocimiento aplicable a políticas de sostenibilidad y reflexionar sobre el rol de la producción de conocimiento científico ante los desafíos de la pospandemia.

Sustentabilidade e uma ideia que potencialmente incorpora os elementos que respondem a estes dois desafios, mas apenas nos distanciando de uma aproximacao tecnocratico-instrumental e assumindo uma abordagem politica da ideia. A ciencia pos-normal fornece uma estrutura adequada para isso, porque os problemas emergentes apresentam desafios democraticos que exigem outro tratamento academico e educacional. Nossa intencao com este texto e contribuir com material didatico que incentive a introducao desse debate conceitual no ambiente de sala de aula. Longe de propor um confronto entre o modo de pensamento dominante, neste artigo propomos um argumento que busca desvendar os componentes basicos de nossa tese e mostrar a arbitrariedade de todas as construcoes teoricas que dai decorre. Esperamos, dessa forma, contribuir para uma educacao ambiental e de sustentabilidade transdisciplinar que consista em desvendar a dimensao politica dessa questao, repolitizar a educacao, transcender a divisao entre relativismo e objetivismo e, estimular posicionamentos teoricos sem determinismos.

COVID-19 reaffirms that we are living out the consequences of the Anthropocene. In terms of education this affirmation has considerable implications: we must overcome the profound divisions between the fields of Natural Sciences and the Social Sciences while at the same time recognizing the political character of educational and scientific practices.Sustainability is an idea that potentially embodies the elements that respond to these two challenges, but only distancing ourselves from a technocratic-instrumental approximation and assuming a political approach to the idea. Post-normal science provides an adequate framework for this because the emerging problems present democratic challenges that demand other academic and educational treatment.Our intention with this text is to contribute didactic material that incentivizes the introduction of this conceptual debate into the classroom setting. Far from proposing a confrontation between the dominant mode of thought, in this paper we propose an argument that seeks to untangle the basic components of our thesis and show the arbitrariness of all the theoretical constructions that result from that. We hope, in this way, to contribute to a transdisciplinary environmental and sustainability education that consists in uncovering the political dimension of this issue, to repoliticize education, transcend the division between relativism and objectivism and, encourage theoretical positioning without determinisms.

espanolEn este articulo nos proponemos analizar y describir los imaginarios sobre la extremidad en referencia al ambiente, al espacio y a la presencia humana en Tierra del Fuego; considerando la aparicion historica de los mismos, sus eventuales transformaciones, y las dinamicas sociales y politicas en las que cobraron relevancia. Para ello, se realizara un analisis de diferentes textos historicos que nutrieron los relatos centrales de la historia sociocultural fueguina, para proponer hipotesis acerca de su incidencia en tanto entramado simbolico subyacente a, y estructurante de, procesos de diferenciacion politica y social del presente. El periodo temporal a analizar coincide con la aparicion de escritos tempranos sobre la region, en el siglo XVIII, hasta la consolidacion de la presencia del Estado argentino en la segunda mitad del siglo XX. EnglishIn this article we aim to analyze and describe a set of imaginaries of the extremity referring to the environment, space and human presence in Tierra del Fuego, Argentina, focussing on their historical appearance, their possible transformations, and the social and political dynamics through which they gain relevance. To do so, we will analyze different historical texts which contributed to shape dominant narratives on the fuegian sociocultural history. Our ultimate objective is to formulate hypothesis about their incidence as a symbolic framework that lies behind and structures present processes of social and political differentiation. The period explored spans from early writings about the region in the 18th century, to the consolidation of nation-state presence in the second half of the 20th century.

In 1984, Argentina and Chile signed the so-called Treaty of Peace and Friendship, which ended a decades-long dispute over the sovereignty of the southernmost islands and waters of Latin-America. This agreement, which resulted through papal mediation, achieved what earlier intents did not: a definite stop to military and diplomatic threats and a clear definition of the course of the border that divides both national territories. This essay reconstructs the genesis of the Treaty and explores its impacts today. Finally, it explores why the 1984 Treaty still determines border politics in the southern region of both nations in spite of a changed political scenario.

Tierra del Fuego (literally, Land of Fire) is the name of the archipelago in the southernmost part of the Latin American continent. It consists of a large island, Isla Grande, and dozens of islands and islets to its south that together form the southern tip of Patagonia, the immense peninsula covering the southern provinces of the Republics of Chile and Argentina. Patagonia is different from the rest of Latin America: it has a relatively cold, windy and barren climate; when the continent is mostly tropical to subtropical. Perhaps that explains why Patagonia was never successfully colonised by European powers and remained unclaimed until the beginning of the 19th century, when Chile and Argentina started a squabble over its sovereignty that lasted almost two centuries and finally divided the territory up to the last isle. Within this division, Isla Grande of Tierra del Fuego was to suffer an artificial political partition by means of a vertical line that divides Chilean from Argentine territory (see Table 11.1).