ObjectivesThe presentation reports findings from the ADR funded project ‘Testing and demonstrating the value of the Growing Up in England dataset: Gypsy, Traveller and Roma case study’. It will (1) address the rationale for embedding an engagement exercise in this project; (2) set out methodology and findings; and (3) draw broader implications for administrative data research. MethodsTwo engagement workshops were co-organised with the civil society organisation Friends, Families and Travellers (FFT). Recruitment was via FFT outreach networks and young people aged 14-29 and their broader family groups were invited to attend. Participants included Romany Gypsies, Traveller and Roma young people and family groups, ensuring diversity of experiences and perspectives. Informed consent was obtained from all participants (and from parents/carers for under 18s). The purpose of the engagement exercise was to hear directly from Gypsy, Traveller and Roma young people about issues raised by our analysis of the newly linked Growing Up in England (GUiE) dataset. ResultsFeedback from the workshops explores the educational experiences of Gypsy, Traveller and Roma young people and their families and provides important insights into barriers to educational progression and unmet needs for support. Additionally, feedback from the workshops provides new insights into the views, perspectives and experiences of Gypsy, Traveller and Roma young people and their families relating to administrative data collection and data use. One key concern highlighted by workshop participants is that the disclosure of Gypsy, Traveller and Roma identity in administrative data collected by schools, hospitals and other public services could result in discrimination or other forms of adverse or hostile treatment. ConclusionsThe findings from the engagement exercise have important implications for our GUiE project and for broader reflection on public attitudes to administrative data. Additionally, the exercise enabled us to address NSDEC recommendations on engagement. However, engaging with Gypsy, Traveller and Roma young people has involved specialist input, time, funding and additional ethics review, which all require careful consideration and planning.

AbstractThere is growing recognition of the importance of dignity and support with eating as markers of high-quality and older-person-centred hospital services. We use data on these markers from the national Adult Inpatient Survey for England to build up statistical evidence on older people's experiences. We find that poor and inconsistent experiences of being treated with dignity and respect, and of receiving support with eating, affect a substantial proportion of inpatients across the vast majority of acute hospital trusts. There has been remarkably little change over time, although small improvements provide some grounds for optimism relating to policy developments in the period following the Francis Inquiry. Amongst people over 65, the prevalence of inconsistent and poor experiences of dignity and support with eating was higher amongst the ‘oldest of the old’ (inpatients aged over 80), individuals who experience a long-standing limiting illness or disability, and women. The highest rates of prevalence were observed amongst disabled women over 80. Perceptions of inadequate nursing quantity and quality, and lack of choice of food, stand out from logistic regression analysis as having consistent, large associations with lack of support with eating. These factors provide potential policy levers since they are within the control of hospitals to a certain extent. In drawing lessons from our analysis for inspection, regulation and monitoring, we highlight the importance of inequalities analysis – including systematic disaggregation and separate identification of at risk sub-groups (e.g. older disabled women) – rather than relying on a ‘population average approach’.

DHD 400. Disability and Human Development Capstone. 1 hour. Students work with advocacy, research and/or policy organizations to apply the knowledge they gained through disability and human development coursework in a practical setting that addresses issues related to people with disabilities. Course Information: Prerequisite(s): DHD 101. Open only to juniors and seniors. And at least 6 additional credit hours of disability and human development coursework must be completed.

The article provides the first estimates of prevalence and trends in child poverty amongst young carers aged 5–19 in the UK using specialized income data from the Family Resources Survey / the Households Below Average Income Survey. Looking across four key indicators, we find that child poverty rates were higher amongst young carers than other children based on 3 years pooled data for 2013/14–2015/16. The differences in the prevalence of child poverty amongst young carers and other children are statistically significant in relation to two indicators (anchored low income before housing costs, and a combined measure of low income and material deprivation). Young carers also appear to have fared worse than other children in terms of trends in child poverty outcomes over the period that coincided with the financial crisis, economic downturn and onset of austerity. Amongst young carers, there was a statistically significant increase in relative low income after housing costs of nine percentage points (from 24 to 33%) between 2005/07 and 2013/15. This compares with a two percentage point decline amongst other children. Multivariate findings confirm that trends in child poverty outcomes amongst young carers were highly differentiated from those of other children and that the association between child poverty and young caring status strengthened over the period under observation. Multivariate analysis further suggests that the increases in child poverty rates amongst young carers were not driven by purely “compositional” factors relating to demographic characteristics of the households in which young carers live and that labour market factors are particularly important in explaining the trends that are observed. Overall, the findings from the study raise concerns that young carers were disproportionately impacted by the patterns of stagnating real income and declining income from employment that characterized the period following the financial crisis, economic downturn and onset of austerity, whilst underlining the importance of housing costs as a factor in child poverty amongst young carers, and raising important questions regarding the ongoing effectiveness of social protection for this group.

An understanding that poverty and inequality are inextricably linked has given rise to a number of large international organisations setting joint inequality-poverty reduction targets on the basis that poverty cannot be seriously tackled without addressing inequality. However, the evidence base was relatively weak with only limited information available on the relationship between the two phenomena. The programme was designed to expand the evidence base on the links between inequality and poverty and to fill this knowledge gap. In the research summarised in this report we explored the relationship between inequality and poverty by: • Examining philosophical concerns for poverty and inequality and how they may overlap • Estimating the empirical relationship between income inequality and a variety of poverty measures • Reviewing the existing evidence base on potential mechanisms that may drive any relationship

This report provides an overview of the findings from the Nuffield Foundation research project, u0027Multidimensional child poverty and disadvantage: tackling data exclusion and extending the evidence base on and childrenu0027. The report sets out the background and rationale for the project; clarifies the aims and scope of the study; describes methods and data; and sets out the key substantive findings for the four groups of children examined within the project. We conclude by drawing lessons and implications from the project and setting out recommendations for tackling the phenomenon of data exclusion and building up quantitative evidence on missing and invisible groups in the future.

This report provides an overview of the findings from the Nuffield Foundation research project, 'Multidimensional child poverty and disadvantage: tackling data exclusion and extending the evidence base on and children'. The report sets out the background and rationale for the project; clarifies the aims and scope of the study; describes methods and data; and sets out the key substantive findings for the four groups of children examined within the project. We conclude by drawing lessons and implications from the project and setting out recommendations for tackling the phenomenon of data exclusion and building up quantitative evidence on missing and invisible groups in the future.

Roma, Gypsy and Traveller children across Europe experience high levels of disadvantage and have repeatedly been identified as a priority in European Commission policy documents, yet they are often missing or invisible in the large-scale statistical analyses of children at risk of poverty and deprivation that drive policy development and monitoring. In this paper we argue that population Censuses, and other administrative sources, many of which already record Roma ethnicity, are under-utilised as a source of robust and comparable data, allowing the scale, intensity and multi-dimensionality of the challenges facing Roma, Gypsy and Traveller children to be investigated and tracked. We illustrate this through the descriptive analysis of secure microdata from the 2011 Census of England and Wales, which included a pre-coded category for ‘Gypsy or Irish Traveller’ for the first time, and to which we add children identified as Roma. Disadvantage in each of four dimensions - housing, household economic activity, education and health - are examined in turn before computing a multiple deprivation count. Nearly a quarter of Roma, Gypsy and Traveller children in England and Wales aged under 19 are deprived on 3 or more dimensions, compared to just two per cent of other children. And conversely, only a small minority (15%) of Roma, Gypsy and Traveller children are not deprived in any dimension, compared to the majority (67%) of all other children. We conclude that data scarcity should no longer be used as an excuse for a lack of effective policymaking: it is both desirable and feasible to exploit Census data, as a step towards tackling the data deficit, and that the results can improve the design of child poverty and Roma, Gypsy and Traveller integration policies.

This paper examines the link between the way a country's most deprived individuals experience disadvantage across multiple dimensions of life and how this may relate to its level of income inequality. By expanding the definition of disadvantage beyond income poverty, we overcome some of the limitations presented by the mechanical link between strictly income-based measures of poverty and inequality. We consider whether – and if so, how – three measures of material deprivation and multidimensional poverty relate iv to income inequality, focusing our analysis on European Union countries.

Tony Atkinson’s latest book Inequality was written within the context of a sea change in international thinking about inequality. Published in 2015, the book provides evidence on increasing trends ...

Introduction ~ Ruth Lupton, Kitty Stewart, Tania Burchardt, John Hills and Polly Vizard Part One: Benefits, pensions, tax credits and direct taxes ~ John Hills, Paola De Agostini and Holly Sutherland Young children ~ Kitty Stewart and Polina Obolenskaya Schools ~ Ruth Lupton, Stephanie Thomson and Polina Obolenskaya Further and higher education and skills ~ Ruth Lupton, Lorna Unwin and Stephanie Thomson Employment policy since the crisis ~ Abigail McKnight Housing ~ Rebecca Tunstall Health ~ Polly Vizard, Polina Obolenskaya and Emily Jones Adult social care ~ Tania Burchardt, Polina Obolenskaya and Polly Vizard Part Two: Public and private welfare ~ Tania Burchardt and Polina Obolenskaya Socioeconomic inequalities ~ John Hills and Kitty Stewart The changing structure of UK inequality since the crisis ~ John Hills, Jack Cunliffe and Polina Obolenskaya Spatial inequalities ~ Ruth Lupton, Polina Obolenskaya and Amanda Fitzgerald Part Three: Summary and conclusion ~ John Hills, Ruth Lupton, Tania Burchardt, Kitty Stewart and Polly Vizard.

The chapter examines the role of human rights in addressing social (dis)advantage. It suggests that human rights can play an important role in framing the claims of the disadvantaged and the corresponding duties of those in a position to help. The discussion addresses foundational debates in ethics; issues of justiciability and legal enforcement; and the broader mechanisms and processes via which human rights can influence social outcomes. It considers the role of human rights within public policy and regulatory frameworks; as drivers of attitudes, behaviour, and social norms; and as sources of ‘bottom up’ and countervailing power. Illustrations within different countries and contexts are highlighted; and potential limitations of human rights approaches are considered. The chapter concludes that a human rights approach—whilst imperfectly implemented to date and perhaps falling short of a utopian ideal—has an important role to play in achieving incremental improvements towards greater equality.

This chapter analyses spending, outputs and outcomes in relation to social care for disabled and older people in England, focusing in particular on the period from 2007/8 to 2014/15. It shows how significant cuts to local authority budgets during a period of rising demographic demand have produced substantial reductions in the number of people receiving support - down by 30% to 40% for many client groups – reversing the gains made in the first half of the 2000s. It notes emerging evidence of increased pressure on unpaid carers, and ongoing concerns about the quality of some residential and community care provision. The chapter concludes that substantial re-investment in social care will be required to safeguard the well-being of older and disabled people in the future

There is growing interest in the development and application of the capability approach as a basis for multidimensional inequality and deprivation analysis. This article contributes to the growing body of literature in this area by examining how the capability approach is being operationalised as a basis for national equality and human rights monitoring in Britain, using the Equality Measurement Framework (EMF). The EMF is a capability-based analytical tool that evaluates social inequalities across ten domains of freedom and opportunity (or capability) and three critical aspects of inequality (functionings, treatment and autonomy). The current article provides a conceptual overview of the EMF and sets out some of the latest findings against selected Framework indicators drawn from a number of different domains. The substantive findings reveal patterns of inequality and deprivation within a range of critical areas of life, including life, physical security, standard of living, participation, individual life and identity, expression and self-respect.