The aim of the present study was to investigate the ultrastructure and content of collagen in uterosacral ligaments and paraurethral tissues in patients with pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and stress urinary incontinence (SUI), analyzing the association between POP and collagen dysfunction. The study comprised three groups: Control, POP and POP with SUI (n=30 per group). Histological characteristics of collagen fiber were observed and the diameters were measured using light and electron microscopy to determine the Type I and Type III collagen content of the main ligament in the urethral specimens. In the POP and POP with SUI groups, observations included diffuse atrophy of smooth muscles, active fibroblast metabolism, swollen mitochondria and visible Golgi apparatus. The collagen fibril diameters in the cardinal ligaments, uterosacral ligaments and paraurethral tissues were significantly greater in the POP and POP with SUI groups compared with those in the control group (P<0.01). In addition, the expression levels of Type I and Type III collagen were significantly lower in the POP and POP with SUI groups when compared with the control group (P<0.01). In the POP with SUI group, pelvic tissues were frail, resulting in smooth muscle bundles comminuting and arranging in a disorganized pattern. Fibroblast and myoblast metabolisms were active and new microvascular cells were weak. However, the collagen fibril diameter increased. Thus, collagen and ultrastructural changes in the pelvic floor may be associated with the development of POP and SUI.

目的:掌握5岁以下儿童营养不良状况的发生情况及其影响因素,制定相应的干预措施。方法:按照分层整群随机抽样的原则,在楚雄州5县内抽取15个乡镇1/3的行政村,采用问卷调查与体格检查相结合的方法调查5岁以下儿童的营养状况,并按照WHO的评价标准进行评价分析。结果:5岁以下儿童营养不良患病率为20.86%,其中低体重14.77%,消瘦2.55%,发育迟缓11.24%。中度营养不良患病率18.44%,重度营养不良患病率2.42%。不同年龄组、不同地区、不同民族、不同喂养方式以及饮食习惯、辅食添加、父母文化程度等因素均与5岁以下儿童营养不良患病率有密切关系。结论:楚雄州5岁以下儿童营养不良患病率较高,防治工作重点在农村,应以普及科学育儿知识,指导合理喂养,积极预防儿童常见多发病为主。