Background The evidence for an association between early menarche and depression is inconsistent. We therefore performed a meta-analysis to examine this association. Methods The protocol for the current study was registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) with registration number CRD42023483591. We searched several databases up to 17 June 2024. Random effects models were used to calculate pooled effect sizes. Results A total of 22 studies involving 87,798 participants were included. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) scores of the 22 studies ranged from 4 to 8, with a median score of 6. Depression scores and depression incidence were significantly higher in the early menarche group than in the non-early menarche group (Standardized Mean Difference: 0.13, 95 % CI: 0.04, 0.21; OR: 1.37, 95 % CI: 1.23, 1.52). However, moderate heterogeneity was observed (depression scores: I2 = 54 %, p = 0.03; depression incidence: I2 = 61 %, p = 0.001). Subgroup analyses revealed that depression scores were significantly associated with study type (cohort studies: I2 = 57 %, p = 0.071; case–control studies: I2 = 61 %, p = 0.051) and study quality (≥ 6: I2 = 58 %, p = 0.065; < 6: I2 = 62 %, p = 0.052). Conclusions This meta-analysis revealed that early menarche was associated with depression. Parents, schools and health care providers should monitor the emotions of girls who experience menarche at an earlier age.

Background: Vision problems are still widespread among children and adolescents in rural areas of China. Previous studies on the effects of vision problems on adolescent development have mostly focused on the effects of vision problems from a negative and problematic perspective, but the associations of vision problems with adolescent development potential and resources and potential mediating and moderating mechanisms are unclear. In this study, we investigated the potential mediating effects of vision-related quality of life (VR-QoL) and the potential moderating effects of self-control in the relationship between vision problems and positive youth development (PYD). Methods: Using a two-stage sampling method, 2,837 students in grades 7-9 at five middle schools in four townships in Zhenping County, Henan Province, completed self-report questionnaires that included measurements of vision problems, PYD, VR-QoL and self-control as well as covariates such as sex. The relationships among variables were analysed with a moderated mediation model using the PROCESS macro of SPSS. Results: The total effect and direct effect of vision problems on PYD were not significant, but PYD was predicted negatively by the emotional dimension of VR-QoL. VR-QoL may fully mediate the association between visual problems and PYD. The moderated mediation analysis results showed that self-control enhanced the positive effect of the emotional dimension on PYD. Simple slope analyses indicated that the emotional dimension positively predicted PYD at a high level of self-control, while the emotional dimension did not significantly predict PYD at a low level of self-control. Conclusion: The present study revealed the relationship between vision problems and PYD and related mechanisms. Vision problems affected PYD through VR-QoL, and the mediating effect was greater in adolescents with high levels of self-control.

Although numerous studies have analyzed the ways in which migration influences the life chances of adult immigrants and social inequalities, the association of parental migration with the equality of life chances of left-behind children is unclear. These explorations are important for understanding how opportunity inequalities may evolve into health inequalities and how to promote the equal development of children. This study examined the association between the left-behind experience and the equality of life chances in emerging adulthood among a rural Chinese population. A total of 849 rural Chinese young adults completed questionnaires about the migration of their parents and their living conditions and were assigned to several groups according to gender and type of parents’ migration. With non-left-behind children as a reference group, the chance of first marriage was significantly higher for women in the absence of their fathers (HR = 2.56, 95

Background: ACEs hurt subsequent physical and mental health outcomes. However, still little has been known about the rate of ACEs among rural Chinese emerging adults and the different buffering effects of the three types of social support on different kinds of ACEs. This study described the rate of ACEs among Chinese rural emerging adults, examined the relationship between ACEs and deviant behaviors, and tested the moderating effect of three different sources of perceived social support on this relationship. We hope these results will be helpful in further interventions.Methods: We used the second wave of a longitudinal survey that included ACEs variables in 2018. A total of 1031 emerging adults aged 18 to 25 participated in the current study.Results: we found that (1) the rate of abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction was 10.0, 30.0, and 24.9%, respectively among Chinese rural emerging adults; (2) abuse and household dysfunction experience were significantly and positively associated with deviant behaviors; (3) friend support moderated the relationship between three types of ACEs and deviant behaviors. Other support moderated the relationship between abuse/household dysfunction and deviant behaviors.Conclusions: ACEs could increase the risk of deviant behaviors. Perceived friend support could reduce the negative effect of three types of ACEs. Other support could reduce the negative impact of abuse and household dysfunction. These results suggest that reducing ACEs to make children's family environments safer and enhancing social support for emerging adults from rural areas are beneficial, which could prevent or reduce their deviant behaviors.

The objective of this study was to examine the risk factor of addictive Internet use from a cumulative risk perspective among rural Chinese adolescents. This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 1489 adolescents from three high schools in Henan Province participated in this study. The results showed that (1) the prevalence of addictive Internet use among rural Chinese adolescents was 11.8

Objectives: The objectives of this study are to assess the relationship between media exposure and post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and to highlight the underlying mechanisms mediated by risk perception.Methods: This survey was conducted online in China from February 1st to February 10th, 2020. A total of 2,858 Chinese citizens aged ≥18 years from 31 provinces and autonomous regions were recruited to participate in a cross-sectional study. Self-report questionnaires were used to assess media exposure, PTSS, and risk perception.Results: The prevalence of respondents with heightened PTSS scores was 22.2%. After controlling for covariates, media exposure (more than five times a day) was significantly and positively associated with a high level of PTSS (B = 4.11, p < 0.001), and risk perception (worry and severity) significantly mediated the relationship between media exposure and PTSS (all 95% CIs did not include 0).Conclusions: Based on these findings, the frequency of media exposure was associated with PTSS. Risk perception (worry and severity) mediated the relationship between media exposure and PTSS. The mental health, particularly PTSS, of the general population should be closely monitored and “infodemics” should be combatted while addressing the COVID-19 outbreak; cognitive interventions may be promising.